1,720,958 research outputs found
República Dominicana : de la crisis financiera internacional al crecimiento para todos
No full textDuring the second half of the year 2008,
the world experienced the worst worldwide economic crisis in
over 70 years. The effects deriving from this crisis can
still be felt over most of the planet. Low or negative
economic growth in developed nations and emerging economies,
high levels of unemployment and millions of persons below
the poverty line, are some of the starkest examples. In the
Dominican Republic, the effects of this international crisis
are manifested in the reduction in international trade, the
drop in tourism and in remittances, and an economic growth
rate lower than expected. In this regard, the Dominican
Republic asked the World Bank to prepare nine policy notes
which are presented in this volume. These notes focus on the
following topics: 1) long run economic growth in the
Dominican Republic; 2) ease of doing business; 3) logistics
for competitiveness; 4) access to financial services with
emphasis on financing for micro, small and medium
enterprises (MSMEs); 5) the electricity sector; 6) climate
change and the Dominican Republic, 7) the health sector, 8)
territorial development, and 9) accountability and
performance system. The policy notes presented here argue
that an inclusive development is possible in the Dominican
Republic. However, great challenges must be faced to meet
this goal. From the analysis presented in this volume four
challenges emerge which must be faced head-on in order to
achieve sustainable and inclusive development
Results, Performance Budgeting and Trust in Government
No full textThe book identifies four categories of
performance budgeting, namely direct performance budgeting,
performance informed budget (PIB), opportunistic performance
budgeting and presentational performance budgeting. While
the Conference papers often refer to performance budgeting
broadly defined, much of the book focuses on PIB, the most
common category of performance budgeting adopted to date,
making the argument that this is likely to be the most
applicable in many Latin American countries. The book
combines two seemingly diverse governance topics, adopts
contrasting analytic styles to address these, and seeks to
draw out their inter-connections, with particular reference
to Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
(OECD) and Latin American countries. The first topic is PIB,
which is discussed largely from the practical perspective of
policy makers and practitioners, reflecting that it is a
major public administration reform that has been underway
for several decades. The second topic is the trust of
citizens and firms in government. This book is divided into
seven chapters. Chapter one provides an overview of PIB,
building on two decades of experience and lesson-learning,
and sets out the key themes that provide the basis for the
discussions in the subsequent chapters. Chapter two
introduces the concept of trust in government, particularly
in OECD and Latin American countries, and explores why this
matters for development. Chapters three, four, and five
explore key dimensions of PIB, including the institutional
foundations, the production of performance information, and
the uses of performance information. Chapter six considers
the impact of performance improvement on trust in government
in OECD and Latin American countries. Chapter seven provides
a guide for practitioners on PIB
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The Political Economy of the Middle Class in the Dominican Republic : Individualization of Public Goods, Lack of Institutional Trust and Weak Collective Action
No full textThis paper tries to uncover some of the
hidden factors behind poor public service delivery in the
Dominican Republic. By looking at three sector cases,
education, health and electricity, it is possible to observe
that in this setting of low quality of public services the
"middle class" is opting out from the system and
adopting private solutions to collective problems. The
combination of this opting out behavior with low levels of
institutional trust, especially among "middle
class" members, fragmented interests and clientelism,
among other factors, results in weak collective action and
lack of effective demand for improvements in service
provision. Some of the tentative policy options to break
this sub-optimal equilibrium are i) to build capacity in
civil society organizations and help them forming a
pro-reform coalition, ii) reduce the gap between the middle
class and the poorer by trying to improve the provision of
public goods and enlarging the welfare state, and (iii)
increase transparency mechanisms and introduce e-government
formulas in order to optimize the allocation of public resources
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The Case of the Dominican Republic
No full textFor almost a century, the Dominican
Republic has faced considerable governance and corruption
challenges. High levels of corruption were present long time
ago, and still prevail today, even if their characteristics
and manifestations have changed. Rule of law has been weak
for a long time, and generally government effectiveness has
not been high. By contrast, the country has performed better
in terms of progress on fundamental political and civil
liberties, and thus relatively speaking it rates
satisfactorily in terms of voice and accountability. Civil
society faces an enabling environment within which they can
operate. Against such background, the innovative and
participatory anti-corruption participatory initiative
(IPAC) to improve governance and combat corruption is
assessed, taking a relatively broad governance perspective.
The paper does not attempt to provide an exhaustive
evaluation of all aspects of the single initiative, but its
aim is to contribute to the analysis and debate about the
benefits and challenges of participatory initiatives
promoting good governance and anti-corruption, in the
Dominican Republic and elsewhere, while also concretely
identifying possible follow-up initiatives. The first
section provides in brief some of the general antecedents on
the evolution of governance and corruption in the Dominican
Republic. The second section discusses the IPAC strategy.
The third and fourth sections present authors views on
IPAC’s achievements and shortcomings, respectively. The
concluding section provides some follow-up recommendations
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