1,720,959 research outputs found
Clinical features of sarcoidosis patients presenting with head and neck manifestations - a two-center retrospective study and proposal of a diagnostic algorithm for the otorhinolaryngologist
No full textBackground and Aims: We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients presenting with sarcoidosis of the head and neck as the initial manifestation and to provide recommendations for the diagnostic work-up for the practicing otorhinolaryngologist.Material and Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study at two university medical centers in Germany. Patients with a histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of sarcoidosis treated in the otorhinolaryngology departments were analyzed.Results: We identified 62 patients (2003-2016). In total, 85.4% (n = 53) of patients received the initial diagnosis of sarcoidosis during their ENT treatment. Sarcoidosis was detected in the lymph nodes in 42.3% (n = 30) of the patients; 57.7% had extra-lymphatic manifestations. Fifteen patients (24.2%) showed pulmonary involvement. 30.6% (n = 19) were treated with oral glucocorticoids (GC) alone, three patients with GC and methotrexate, one patient initially received a combination of GC and azathioprine, one patient rejected the recommended treatment.Conclusions: Sarcoidosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with head and neck symptoms. The most frequent presenting symptoms were cervical lymphadenopathy and affection of the paranasal sinuses. Therefore, otorhinolaryngologists should be aware of sarcoidosis and help guide referral strategies as they may be the first physicians treating these patients
Amyloidosis of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract: Management of a Rare Disease and Review of the Literature
No full text
Das Manchester Triage System in der Anwendung bei Patienten mit Schwindel : Eine wissenschaftliche Untersuchung zur Genauigkeit in der Zentralen Notaufnahme
Full text linkSchwindel zählt zu den häufigsten Beschwerden, mit denen Patienten in die Notaufnahme kommen und kann zahlreiche Ursachen haben – von harmlosen Funktionsstörungen des Vestibularorgans bis hin zu zeitkritischen, lebensbedrohlichen Erkrankungen. Die Studie, die Grundlage dieser Arbeit darstellt, untersucht die Güte und Aussagekraft des Manchester-Triage-Systems bei der Ersteinschätzung von Schwindelpatienten in Bonn, Deutschland. Die Triage stellt einen wichtigen Prozess innerhalb der Notaufnahme dar, insbesondere bei den aktuell immer geringeren personellen und räumlichen Ressourcen.
In der retrospektiven, monozentrischen Beobachtungsstudie wurde die Güte des Manchester-Triage-Systems über den Surrogatparameter Behandlungslevel evaluiert. Darüber hinaus wurden Subgruppen anhand der Schwindelursache gebildet, um diese heterogene Gruppe besser zu charakterisieren. Patienten mit Schwindel und Schlaganfall als Ursache wurde außerdem gesondert betrachtet.
Im Beobachtungszeitraum wurden insgesamt 2958 Patienten mit Schwindel in der Notaufnahme behandelt; als Vergleichsgruppe dienten 52.017 Patienten mit anderen Symptomen. Im Vergleich zur Referenzgruppe zeigte sich bei den Schwindelpatienten eine deutlich geringere Übereinstimmung zwischen der Triagestufe und dem Behandlungslevel. Bei Patienten mit zentralnervöser Ursache des Schwindels (n=838) lag die Fläche unter der ROC-Kurve (AUC) für die Vorhersage einer stationären Aufnahme bei 0,69 (95 %-KI: 0,65–0,72), bei anderen organischen Ursachen (n=901) bei 0,64 (95 %-KI: 0,60–0,68). Die Vergleichsgruppe erreichte eine AUC von 0,75 (95 %-KI: 0,75–0,76). Ähnliche Unterschiede zeigten sich auch hinsichtlich der Aufnahme auf die Intensivstation. Besonders auffällig war die geringe Sensitivität des Manchester-Triage-Systems bei der Triagierung von Schwindelpatienten mit Schlaganfall (0,39), bei gleichzeitig hoher Spezifität von 0,91 (Referenzgruppe 0,72; 0,82).
Die Studie zeigt, dass das Manchester-Triage-System bei der Ersteinschätzung von Patienten mit Schwindel, insbesondere bei solchen mit neurologischen Notfällen wie Schlaganfällen, eine deutlich geringere Vorhersagekraft aufweist, als bei anderen Notfallpatienten. Eine Anpassung des Manchester-Triage-Systems ist daher notwendig
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
