46 research outputs found
Fic ⇄ livre: fandom et polysystème littéraire
No full textA fanfiction A Lenda de Fausto, de Samila Lages, foi transformada em romance pela Editora Multifoco em 2011. A partir das considerações de Henry Jenkins, Anne Jamison, Néstor Canclini, Régis Debray, Giselle Beiguelman e outros teóricos, buscou-se discutir a mobilidade da obra de Samila, entre quatro plataformas: o Nyah!, o zine, o blog da produtora e o livro físico. Intentou-se compreender os trajetos que precederam a publicação, perpassando processos de criação, produção, reprodução, circulação, recepção, difusão e editoração d’A Lenda de Fausto. Em tal percurso, percebeu-se que a fanfiction possui (im)possibilidades estéticas específicas do meio digital, uma vez que explora algumas potencialidades/limitações impostas pela interface do Nyah! e se desdobra em spin-offs, pois além d’A Lenda de Fausto, há a pré-sequência Relatos da Queda e a sequência O Trilo do Diabo. Pretendeu-se observar poética(s) da construção desse objeto e como Samila se apropria de diferentes estratégias a fim de estabelecer-se enquanto produtora (re)conhecida dentro e fora do microcosmo otaku. Os objetivos do trabalho se concentraram em investigar se o(s) fandom(s), comunidade(s) virtual(is) organizada(s) na ressignificação do conteúdo das franquias e da indústria cultural, com regras reunida(s) em torno de uma recepção não-passiva, em um modelo de consumo produtivo, constituem-se como sistema de cultura. Para debater essas dinâmicas, utilizou-se a teoria dos polissistemas, de Even-Zohar (2017). Desenhou-se como segundo objetivo propor que A Lenda de Fausto, em sua materialidade disposta no Nyah!, estabelece-se como literatura digital, apesar de não ser uma premissa comum ao gênero fanfiction, e como a prática empreendida na plataforma foi descontinuada e até mesmo apagada do contexto exordial na transição para mídiuns ulteriores. O terceiro objetivo foi notar como os fatores literários do fandom agregaram Samila ao polissistema literário por meio da transição ao mercado editorial impresso, o que gerou uma metamorfose de status – de produtora de fics a autora –. Por fim, buscou-se entender como se dá essa dupla existência de Samila/Ryoko, em ambientes com funcionamentos distintos. A tese defendida foi de que A Lenda de Fausto evidencia a intersecção de diferentes polissistemas por meio da mudança da materialidade: enquanto fic, uma série de fatores levou à legitimação no fandom. Enquanto romance publicado em livro, passou a ter outras formas de circulação e públicos mais amplos, gerando uma dupla camada de consagração: na comunidade fã e na literatura amapaense.The fanfiction A Lenda de Fausto, written by Samila Lages, was transformed into a novel by Multifoco publisher in 2011. Based on the considerations of Henry Jenkins, Anne Jamison, Néstor Canclini, Régis Debray, Giselle Beiguelman and other theorists, this research aimed to discuss the mobility of Samila's work, whose fluctuation occurred between four platforms: Nyah!, a fanzine, Samila’s blog and the book. The intention was to understand the paths that preceded the publication, going through the creation, production, reproduction, circulation, reception, diffusion and publishing processes of A Lenda de Fausto. In such way, it was noticed that the fanfiction has specific aesthetic (im)possibilities provided by the digital environment, since it explores some potentialities/limits of Nyah’s interface and it unfolds in spin-offs, because in addition to A Lenda de Fausto, there is the prequel Relatos da Queda and the sequel O Trilo do Diabo. It was intended to observe the poetic(s) in the construction of this object and how Samila appropriates different strategies in order to establish herself as a reknowned writer inside and outside the otaku microcosm. The objectives of this thesis were focused on investigating whether the fandom(s), virtual communities organized in the redefinition of franchises and cultural industry contents, with rules gathered around a non-passive reception, in a model of productive consumption, constitutes itself as a culture system. To debate these dynamics, it was used the polysystems’ theory, by Even-Zohar (2017). The second objective was to propose that A Lenda de Fausto, in its materiality displayed on Nyah!, establishes itself as e-literature, despite the fact that it is not a common premise for fanfiction as a genre, and how the practice undertaken on the platform was discontinued and even erased from the exordial context during the transition to later mediums. The third objective was to notice how the fandom’s literary factors put Samila into the literary polysystem through the transition to the printed editorial market, which generated a metamorphosis of her status - from ficwriter to author -. Finally, it was sought to understand how this double existence of Samila occurs, in systems with different behaviors. The thesis defended was that A Lenda de Fausto highlights the intersection of different polysystems through the change of materiality: as fanfiction, a series of factors led to the legitimization in fandom. As a novel published in a book, it began to have other forms of circulation and wider audiences, generating a double layer of consecration: within the fan community and in the literature of Amapá.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)CAPES (DINTER): 88887.145208/2017-0
Search for dark matter from baryon number violation process in proton-proton collisions at √ s = 13 TeV
No full textThe visible content of the Universe is made up of baryons and almost without of anti-baryons, so it requires a baryogenesis mechanism to generate the baryon asymmetry and it is widely believed that successful baryogenesis requires extending the Standard Model. There are strong evidence of invisible contents, Dark Matter (DM) in the universe in astrophysical observations, such as rotational curves of galaxies, gravitational lensing and bullet cluster. This dissertation presents searches for the dark matter production in baryon number violation (BNV) process in proton-proton collision. The data sample, collected by the CMS experiment during the 2016-2018 data (CMS Run 2) taking of the LHC, corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137/fb at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The events are required to contain missing transverse momentum and one jet with additional b-tagged jet arising from initial-state gluon splitting. Major SM backgrounds were estimated using five control region data and minor backgrounds were estimated with Monte Carlo background samples. The sensitivity of the CMS Run 2 data to DM coupling to third generation quark was calculated as expected limits. The projection of the limits for Run 3 (300/fb) and HL-LHC (3000/fb) are presented.Embargo status: Restricted to TTU community only. To view, login with your eRaider (top right). Others may request the author grant access exception by clicking on the PDF link to the left
Social capital and inequality in immigrant entrepreneurship: pathways and barriers
No full textImmigrant entrepreneurs who belong to marginalized populations face significant financial, social, cultural, and legal barriers (Hernandez, 2024). While founding and sustaining a new business is not an equal experience for all (Guzman & Kacperczyk, 2019), entrepreneurship offers marginalized people a pathway to greater economic inclusion and social mobility (Min & Bozorgmehr, 2003; Hwang & Phillips, 2023; Rider et al., 2023). Furthermore, despite the risks associated with new enterprises, immigrants are more likely than their native-born counterparts to become entrepreneurs (Kerr & Kerr, 2020). Considering this evidence, entrepreneurship has the potential to offer marginalized immigrants a pathway to economic inclusion and social mobility. As organizational scholars and members of an unequal society with growing anti-immigrant sentiment, it is crucial to investigate the mechanisms that could reduce barriers to entrepreneurial entry and growth for marginalized immigrants. The literature on social capital identifies it as a powerful resource facilitating entrepreneurial success (Burt, 1992; Lin et al., 2001; Adler and Kwon, 2002; Samila & Sorenson, 2017; Portes & Sensenbrenner, 1993). However, in the context of immigrant entrepreneurship, the role of social capital is far from straightforward.. Immigrants, being foreign to the host country, often lack access to the social networks that facilitate entrepreneurial entry, especially in the absence of resource-rich ethnic enclaves (Portes & Stepick, 1985). Even when such networks exist, cultural norms or an overreliance on insular perspectives within these enclaves can limit entrepreneurial ambition and growth (Portes, 2014). Finally, first-order barriers such as marginalized identities may further constrain immigrants’ ability to cultivate resourceful social ties. This symposium tackles such intricacies in the literature to advance our understanding of social capital and inequality in the context of immigrant entrepreneurship. It will feature research that explores how social capital shapes inequities in immigrant entrepreneurship and examines interventions to mitigate these disparities. Key questions addressed include: a) Can social capital offset financial inequities that hinder entrepreneurial entry? b) How do multiple overlapping identities of people influence their engagement with entrepreneurial ecosystems and networks? c) What interventions, such as macro policy changes or digital tools, can reduce the social network-driven inequities faced by immigrant entrepreneurs? The Impact of Financial Constraints on Entrepreneurship: The Moderating Role Of Social Capital Author: Inara Tareque; Columbia Business School Navigating Identity Networks in Entrepreneurial Ecosystems Author: Nada Basir; University of Waterloo Author: Bessma Momani; University of Waterloo Author: Melissa Finn; University of Waterloo Author: Leslie Nichols; Wilfrid Laurier University The Entrepreneurial Dynamics of Trade Liberalization: Immigrants as Agents of Change Author: Ashlee Li; Author: Astrid Marinoni; Georgia Institute of Technology A Digital Refuge: How WhatsApp Offers Stability Amidst Mobility to NYC Asylum Seekers Author: Sandra Portocarrero; The London School of Economics & Political Science Author: Rohini Jalan; McGill Universit
Design and evaluation of probabilistic record linkage methods supporting the Brazilian 100-million cohort initiative.
No full textABSTRACT
Background and aims
A cooperation Brazil-UK was set in mid-2013 aiming at to build a huge cohort comprised by individuals registered in CadastroÚnico (CADU), a socioeconomic database used in social programmes of the Brazilian government. Epidemiologists and statisticians wish to assess the impact of Bolsa Família (PBF), a conditional cash transfer programme, on the incidence of several diseases (tuberculosis, leprosy, HIV etc). The cohort must contain all individuals who received at least one payment from PBF between 2007 and 2012, which results in a 100-million records according to our preliminary analysis. These individuals must be probabilistically linked with databases from the Unified Health System (SUS), such as hospitalization (SIH), notifiable diseases (SINAN), mortality (SIM), live births (SINASC), to produce data marts (domain-specific data) to the proposed studies. Within this cooperation, our first goal was to design and evaluate probabilistic methods to routine link the cohort, PBF, and SUS outcomes.
Approach
We implemented two probabilistic linkage methods: a full probabilistic, based on the Dice similarity (Sorensen index) of Bloom filters; and an hybrid approach, based on rules to deterministic and probabilistic matching. We performed linkages involving CADU (2011 extraction) and SUS outcomes (SIH, SINAN, and SIM) with samples from 3 states (Sergipe, Santa Catarina and Bahia) with an increasing size (from 1,447,512 to 12,036,010).
Results
Using a Dice between 0.90 and 0.92, our methods retrieved more than 95% of true positive pairs amongst the linked pairs. For Sergipe, we obtained as : , , , respectively for SIH, SINAN, and SIM. For Bahia: , , . Another linkage between CADU (1,447,512 records) and SINAN (624 records), for tuberculosis in Sergipe, returned 397 (full probabilistic) and 311 (hybrid) linked pairs, being 306 and 300 true positives. Another execution considering CADU (1,988,599 records) and SINAN (2,094 records), for tuberculosis in Santa Catarina, returned 791 (full probabilistic) and 500 (hybrid) linked pairs, with 667 and 472 true positives. Linking CADU (1.685,697 records) and SIM, for mortality of children under-4, returned 18 linked pairs, all of them true positives, for a Dice between 0.90 and 0.92 and with 100% of sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value.
Conclusion
Due to the absence of gold standards, we use samples with increasing sizes and manual review when adequate. Our results are quite accurate, although obtained with an unique extraction of CADU. We are starting to run linkages with the entire cohort
Assessing the accuracy of probabilistic record linkage of social and health databases in the 100 million Brazilian cohort
No full textABSTRACT
Background and aims
The Brazilian government has several social protection programmes that select their beneficiaries based on socioeconomic information kept in the CadastroÚnico (CADU) database. The CADU will be used to build a population-based cohort of approximately 100 million individuals. Among the social programmes is the Bolsa Família (PBF), a conditional cash transfer programme that provides extra income to poor families. These two databases must be deterministically linked to individuals who have received payments from PBF between 2004 and 2012. It will be used in epidemiological studies aiming to assess the impact of PBF on the occurrence and severity of several diseases and health problems (tuberculosis, leprosy, HIV, child health etc). This cohort must be probabilistically linked with databases from the Unified Health System (SUS), such as hospitalization, notifiable diseases, mortality, and live births, in order to produce data marts (domain-specific data) to the proposed studies. Our goals comprise the validation of probabilistic record linkage methods to support this cohort setup.
Approach
This paper emphasizes the accuracy assessment of our methods based on the linkage of SIH (hospitalization), SINAN (notifications), and SIM (mortality) records to the 2011 extraction of CADU. We focused on hospitalization and notification of tuberculosis, as well infant mortality for all causes in under-4 children, for a small sample with 30,029 records (CADU). Due to the absence of gold standards, we used two approaches to assess accuracy: a clerical review and an automatic (tool-based) search. In the first case, we used different cut-off points as similarity index to calculate sensitivity and specificity, and a ROC curve to separate matched and non-matched pairs. The second approach retrieves from CADU all matched and non-matched pairs for a given individual, serving as a gold standard for validation.
Results
We retrieved 22 linked pairs, from which 18 are true positives for infant mortality (SIM database). From SINAN, our results were 434 linked pairs with 166 true positives, and with SIH, 121 linked pairs with 34 true positives. The sensitivity of manual scan for SIM (children mortality) ranges from 44% (specificity of 100%) to 95% (specificity of 94%), with similarity indices between 0.80 and 0.97, respectively. For automatic search, we obtained a sensitivity of 69.2% and specificity of 91.8%.
Conclusion
Our results show the need for a continuous improvement in our linkage routines and how to consistently evaluate their accuracy in the absence of adequate gold standards
Assessing the accuracy of probabilistic record linkage of social and health databases in the 100 million Brazilian cohort
Full text linkABSTRACT
Background and aimsThe Brazilian government has several social protection programmes that select their beneficiaries based on socioeconomic information kept in the CadastroÚnico (CADU) database. The CADU will be used to build a population-based cohort of approximately 100 million individuals. Among the social programmes is the Bolsa Família (PBF), a conditional cash transfer programme that provides extra income to poor families. These two databases must be deterministically linked to individuals who have received payments from PBF between 2004 and 2012. It will be used in epidemiological studies aiming to assess the impact of PBF on the occurrence and severity of several diseases and health problems (tuberculosis, leprosy, HIV, child health etc). This cohort must be probabilistically linked with databases from the Unified Health System (SUS), such as hospitalization, notifiable diseases, mortality, and live births, in order to produce data marts (domain-specific data) to the proposed studies. Our goals comprise the validation of probabilistic record linkage methods to support this cohort setup.
ApproachThis paper emphasizes the accuracy assessment of our methods based on the linkage of SIH (hospitalization), SINAN (notifications), and SIM (mortality) records to the 2011 extraction of CADU. We focused on hospitalization and notification of tuberculosis, as well infant mortality for all causes in under-4 children, for a small sample with 30,029 records (CADU). Due to the absence of gold standards, we used two approaches to assess accuracy: a clerical review and an automatic (tool-based) search. In the first case, we used different cut-off points as similarity index to calculate sensitivity and specificity, and a ROC curve to separate matched and non-matched pairs. The second approach retrieves from CADU all matched and non-matched pairs for a given individual, serving as a gold standard for validation.
ResultsWe retrieved 22 linked pairs, from which 18 are true positives for infant mortality (SIM database). From SINAN, our results were 434 linked pairs with 166 true positives, and with SIH, 121 linked pairs with 34 true positives. The sensitivity of manual scan for SIM (children mortality) ranges from 44% (specificity of 100%) to 95% (specificity of 94%), with similarity indices between 0.80 and 0.97, respectively. For automatic search, we obtained a sensitivity of 69.2% and specificity of 91.8%.
ConclusionOur results show the need for a continuous improvement in our linkage routines and how to consistently evaluate their accuracy in the absence of adequate gold standards.</jats:p
Design and evaluation of probabilistic record linkage methods supporting the Brazilian 100-million cohort initiative.
Full text linkABSTRACTBackground and aimsA cooperation Brazil-UK was set in mid-2013 aiming at to build a huge cohort comprised by individuals registered in CadastroÚnico (CADU), a socioeconomic database used in social programmes of the Brazilian government. Epidemiologists and statisticians wish to assess the impact of Bolsa Família (PBF), a conditional cash transfer programme, on the incidence of several diseases (tuberculosis, leprosy, HIV etc). The cohort must contain all individuals who received at least one payment from PBF between 2007 and 2012, which results in a 100-million records according to our preliminary analysis. These individuals must be probabilistically linked with databases from the Unified Health System (SUS), such as hospitalization (SIH), notifiable diseases (SINAN), mortality (SIM), live births (SINASC), to produce data marts (domain-specific data) to the proposed studies. Within this cooperation, our first goal was to design and evaluate probabilistic methods to routine link the cohort, PBF, and SUS outcomes.
ApproachWe implemented two probabilistic linkage methods: a full probabilistic, based on the Dice similarity (Sorensen index) of Bloom filters; and an hybrid approach, based on rules to deterministic and probabilistic matching. We performed linkages involving CADU (2011 extraction) and SUS outcomes (SIH, SINAN, and SIM) with samples from 3 states (Sergipe, Santa Catarina and Bahia) with an increasing size (from 1,447,512 to 12,036,010).
ResultsUsing a Dice between 0.90 and 0.92, our methods retrieved more than 95% of true positive pairs amongst the linked pairs. For Sergipe, we obtained as <linked pairs,true positives>: <23,22>, <315,300>, <32,32>, respectively for SIH, SINAN, and SIM. For Bahia: <771,593>, <2677,2626>, <208,207>. Another linkage between CADU (1,447,512 records) and SINAN (624 records), for tuberculosis in Sergipe, returned 397 (full probabilistic) and 311 (hybrid) linked pairs, being 306 and 300 true positives. Another execution considering CADU (1,988,599 records) and SINAN (2,094 records), for tuberculosis in Santa Catarina, returned 791 (full probabilistic) and 500 (hybrid) linked pairs, with 667 and 472 true positives. Linking CADU (1.685,697 records) and SIM, for mortality of children under-4, returned 18 linked pairs, all of them true positives, for a Dice between 0.90 and 0.92 and with 100% of sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value.
ConclusionDue to the absence of gold standards, we use samples with increasing sizes and manual review when adequate. Our results are quite accurate, although obtained with an unique extraction of CADU. We are starting to run linkages with the entire cohort.</jats:p
On the Accuracy and Scalability of Probabilistic Data Linkage over the Brazilian 114 Million Cohort
Full text linkData linkage refers to the process of identifying and linking records that refer to the same entity across multiple heterogeneous data sources. This method has been widely utilized across scientific domains, including public health where records from clinical, administrative and other surveillance databases are aggregated and used for research, decision-making, and assessment of public policies. When a common set of unique identifiers do not exist across sources, probabilistic linkage approaches are used to link records using a combination of attributes. These methods require a careful choice of comparison attributes as well as similarity metrics and cut-off values to decide if a given pair of records matches or not and for assessing the accuracy of the results. In large, complex datasets, linking and assessing accuracy can be challenging due to the volume and complexity of the data, the absence of a gold standard and the challenges associated with manually reviewing a very large number of record matches. In this paper, we present AtyImo, a hybrid probabilistic linkage tool optimized for high-accuracy and scalability in massive datasets. We describe the implementation details around anonymization, blocking, deterministic and probabilistic linkage and accuracy assessment. We present results from linking a large population- based cohort of 114 million individuals in Brazil to public health and administrative databases for research. In controlled and real scenarios, we observed high accuracy of results: 93%-97% true matches. In terms of scalability, we present AtyImo's ability to link the entire cohort in less than nine days using Spark and scaling up to 20 million records in less than 12 seconds over heterogeneous CPU and GPU architectures
