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    Test the Capability of the Down Flow-Up Flow Combination Filter Rate Lead (PB), Iron (FE) and Manganese (MN) which are Contained on Water Well Drill Public Residential Still Village Ndokum Siroga I Subdistrict Intersection Four Regency Karo

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    Water well drill-built government in location relocation refugees Mountain Sinabung without pre-processing and drilling depth as well vary. This affects water quality drilled wells are different at each location relocation And located in above standard water clean Which set government. This type of research is a quasi-experimental, pre-test and post-test design the object of research is water from a drilled well which is channeled to one of the people's houses. Inspection decline rate metal Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe) And Manganese (M N) done on day the 3rd, 6th, 11th And 15th. Influence ever time contact with decline levels of Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe) and Manganese (Mn) were tested statistically by testing correlation and regression linear. The results showed that the longer the processing time the lower rate metal Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe) And Manganese (M N). Efficiency decline rate metal Lead (Pb) after processing is 32.7 %, Iron (Fe) 96% And Manganese (M N) as big 98%. Influence long processing significant to decline rate metal Lead (Pb) with a value of p = 0.033 with a value of r = -0.907, while for the reduction of metal content Iron (Fe) in a manner statistics No significant Where mark p.s = 0.05 And mark r = -0.878 so also the decrease in manganese (Mn) content was not significant where the value of p = 0.066 and mark r = -0.727. Filter Combination Down Flow-Up Flow can used for lower rate metal Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe) And Manganese (M N) water well drill

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Author Index

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    koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist

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    We have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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