1,721,021 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Normothermic Ex Vivo Kidney Perfusion - A Novel Approach for the Storage, Assessment, and Repair of Renal Grafts
No full textKidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease. A major problem is the worldwide severe graft shortage, which triggered interest in kidneys recovered from extended criteria donors (ECD) and donation after circulatory death (DCD). Currently utilized techniques of hypothermic preservation induce injury, especially in ECD and DCD grafts. This study investigates the feasibility and safety to preserve kidneys under normothermic, more physiologic conditions ex vivo. In a porcine model, kidneys were recovered, and preserved on ice or with â Normothermic Ex Vivo Kidney Perfusion (NEVKP)â . Kidneys preserved at normothermia providing physiologic flow, oxygen, and nutrition, demonstrated high metabolic activity and excellent graft viability during storage. Following autotransplantation, superior renal function with lower serum creatinine, higher creatinine clearance, and lower renal injury markers was demonstrated when compared to cold storage. This data suggests that NEVKP offers superior storage and provides a platform for further graft assessment and repair.M.Sc
Normothermic Ex-Situ Liver Perfusion and PPAR-gamma Activation as Strategies to Reduce Liver Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
No full textThe liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a significant problem during liver transplantation. IRI leads to hepatocyte damage and a prominent inflammatory response that results in graft dysfunction, and high morbidity and mortality following transplantation. The pro-inflammatory Kupffer cell (KC) polarization and the cold ischemic injury are key factors that initiate and perpetuate the severity of IRI. In this dissertation, I explore strategies that address these factors. First, I aim to modify the pro-inflammatory KC-phenotype in an in-vitro and in-vivo model. Second, I focus on optimizing a model of normothermic ex-situ liver perfusion (NEsLP) as a preservation technique to reduce cold ischemic injury and as a platform to evaluate the liver viability before transplantation.
The pro-inflammatory (M1) activation of KCs is thought to initiate the IRI event. In this dissertation, I utilize a peroxisome proliferator activated-receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) agonist to ameliorate the M1 polarization of KCs. The PPAR-γ activation results in a significant decrease of the M1-Nitric oxide + KC-phenotype in-vitro (Chapter 3) and in-vivo (Chapter 4), which reflects in a significant reduction of hepatocyte injury, apoptosis and necrosis in a mouse model of IRI.
As the next step in this dissertation, I aim to optimize NEsLP for its use in donation after circulatory death (DCD) organs. In Chapter 6, I evaluate the different clinical perfusates to identify the most suitable solution for the perfusion of DCD grafts. The use of a human albumin/ dextran solution during NEsLP displays a better endothelial function and reduces the levels of AST, apoptosis, and necrosis after transplantation compared to the other solutions. Finally, in Chapter 7, I evaluate the feasibility of using NEsLP biomarkers to predict liver viability after transplantation with marginal DCD grafts. The model identifies consistent biomarkers of hepatocellular (lactate clearance and urea production) and biliary viability (bile/perfusate glucose and sodium ratio) that reflect in successful liver transplantation.
The results of this dissertation highlight the importance of addressing several targets during IRI and suggest that the combination of these strategies evaluated by consistent viability biomarkers during NEsLP might result in a reliable use of marginal DCD grafts in the future.Ph.D
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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