1,721,069 research outputs found
Economic Development and Consumption Patterns in Asian Countries
No full textThis book analyzes consumption patterns in Asian countries that are at different stages of economic development and highlights the similarities and disparitiesof consumption patterns across countries using a system-wide framework. In a departure from previous studies in the literature which mainly present only single-country analysis, this book aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of cross-country consumption patterns considering several Asian countries, using the most recent consumption expenditure data for aggregate commodity groups. In comparing consumption patternsacross countries, the book use unit-free measurements such as budget shares and changes in logarithms of price and quantities, thus avoiding problems associated with exchange rate conversions. The book also analyses the dynamic behaviour in the consumption patterns of the Asian consumers. The findings of this book will be invaluable to researchers in development economics as well as policymakers in the formulation o fiscal policy or other types of economic control.No Full Tex
Energy poverty in Sri Lanka
No full textUnderstanding energy poverty is fundamental to any efforts to alleviate it. This paper, using the latest (2016) Sri Lankan Household Income and Expenditure survey data, examines the incidence, intensity, inequality, and determinants of energy poverty in Sri Lanka, by constructing the Multidimensional Energy Poverty Index (MEPI). The MEPI is calculated using a set of seven key indicators representing multiple dimensions of energy and assigning weights by using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Sri Lankan households, on average, are experiencing a moderate level of energy poverty (with MEPI of 0.431) where the lack of access to modern cooking fuel is the largest contributor to energy poverty. Results of this study revealed notable differences in energy poverty by gender, age, ethnicity, and income group of the head of the household and by sub-national location of the household. Significant differences in inequality in energy poverty were also observed by sub-national location and income. While energy-poor households are not necessarily always income-poor, income and other socio-demographic and geographical factors are strongly associated with energy poverty in Sri Lanka. The findings of this study raise alarms for the possible adverse implications on health and education attainment of the energy-poor. Overall, the results provide valuable policy insights into one of the most neglected dimensions of the post-war development policy agenda in Sri Lanka, in particular, and other developing countries, in general.Full Tex
Determinants of Private Investment in Sri Lanka
No full textPrivate investment plays a vital role in reducing poverty and fostering economic growth in developing countries through job creation and capital formation. This study investigates the key determinants of private investment in Sri Lanka over the period 1977–2019, employing the autoregressive distributed lag model. The findings indicate that economic growth, credit to the private sector and the real interest rate exert a significant and positive influence on private investment. Conversely, political instability caused by war, foreign direct investment and public investment negatively affect private investment. The error correction term is –0.93, signifying a rapid adjustment towards long-run equilibrium following a short-run shock. These results suggest that policymakers should leverage interest rate management and improved access to credit as mechanisms to boost private investment. Furthermore, ensuring political stability is essential to creating an investor-friendly environment that supports sustained private sector development and long-term economic progress in Sri Lanka.No Full Tex
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A new approach to analyse conditional demand: An application to Australian energy consumption
No full textLaitinen et al. (1983) proposed an extension to the Working's (1943) Model which allows the marginal share to be a linear function of the corresponding budget share. In this paper, we derive the conditional (within a group of goods) version of Laitinen's Generalized Working's Model which is an important and useful generalization of the popular Working's Model with respect to the conditional case. We then use the new model to analyse the Australian energy consumption patterns conditionally for electricity, gas, petrol, and diesel using the most recent ABS Household Expenditure Survey 2015–2016 data. We found some interesting energy consumption patterns in Australia at (a) states/territories (b) remoteness of location and (c) income group levels. The results indicate that energy, as a group, is a necessity for all Australian households irrespective of their income and where they live. Within specified energy group, electricity is a necessity and petrol and diesel are luxuries for households across Australia and households of all income groups. Gas switches between being a necessity or a luxury based on the state/territory and level of remoteness. This is an appealing result that illustrates the valuable property of the Generalized Working's Model whereby a good can switch from a luxury to a necessity and vice versa, something that is ruled out in the original Working's Model.No Full Tex
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Financial Flows and Economic Growth: A Comparative Analysis Between South Asia and Developing Countries
Full text linkThis study undertakes a comparative analysis of the impact of international financial flows—specifically foreign aid, foreign direct investment (FDI) and remittances—on economic growth in South Asia (SA) and 45 other developing countries, using panel data for the period 1980–2016. The study also analyses the indirect influences of financial flows on growth mediated through key transmission channels, including political stability, trade openness and human capital (HC) for both groups. On controlling endogeneity, the results indicate that foreign aid discourages growth both in developing countries and SA. However, FDI and remittances promote growth in the two groups of countries, while their impact is higher in SA. Investigation of transmission channels reveals multiple significant roles of financial flows in impacting economic growth. Exploring the dynamic roles of international financial flows, the findings of the study offer a deeper understanding and insights to policymakers in the developing world.Full Tex
Remittances, Foreign Aid, and Economic Growth in Bangladesh: An Empirical Analysis
No full textThis chapter addresses the issues of remittances, foreign aid, and economic growth of Bangladesh. In many developing countries, including Bangladesh, remittance inflows from emigrants and migrant workers and foreign aid play a significant role in their economic development. In terms of remittance flows and economic growth, Bangladesh is performing at the same or slightly better level than other countries in the region such as India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. During 2011–2015, on average, Bangladesh had received remittances US89.2 for every Bangladesh person (very much higher than India US84.9 person, and many times lower than Sri Lanka USD2.2 billion (equivalent to US16.3 per person) and Sri Lanka (US$23.6 per person). This chapter analyzes the causal link between remittances, foreign aid, and economic growth as well as other determinants of remittances in Bangladesh using annual time series data for the period 1980–2018 by employing the Granger causality test under a VAR framework. Granger causality results reveal that there is a uni-directional causality from foreign aid, GDP growth, human capital, and migration to remittances. The estimation results show that exchange rate, GDP growth, migration, and trade openness have a positive significant effect on remittance flows, while foreign aid, FDI, and political instability have a negative significant effect on remittances. This chapter also discusses several policy issues arising from the results of the analysis in relation to remittances in association with its determinants.No Full Tex
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