167,244 research outputs found
Data for: Sensitivity test and ensemble hazard assessment for tephra fallout at Campi Flegrei, Italy
No full textEnsemble conditional Hazard Curves (cHC) for tephra load given an eruption at the Campi Flegrei caldera, considering the weighted ensemble of 5 models. The conditional Hazard Curves (cHC) are conditional upon an eruption, and more specifically, cHC are reported for: i) different levels of aggregation of the volcanic sources: Small explosive size, Medium explosive size, Large explosive size, and all sizes in all potential vents;ii) intensity thresholds 50, 100, 200, 300, ..., 3000 kg/m^2;iii) different statistics for the epistemic uncertainty: mean, median, 16th and 84th percentiles.For more details, see the linked paper: Selva J, Costa A, De Natale G, Di Vito MA, Isaia R, Macedonio G, "Sensitivity test and ensemble hazard assessment for tephra fallout at Campi Flegrei, Italy"
Projeto do produto hoteleiro :: o caso dos hóteis de selva /
No full textDissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio-Econômico.Este trabalho teve como objetivo definir um perfil do produto dos hotéis de selva que possa servir como referencial para o segmento de mercado desse tipo de empreendimento ecoturístico. Para tanto, tais hotéis foram analisados enfocando-se suas características, com base nas quais a definição do produto foi elaborada, sendo conduzida pela etapa do projeto do produto. Discutiu-se, na primeira etapa do projeto, que a definição do produto de um hotel de selva passa por duas análises, a que se refere aos serviços do hotel e a que se refere a sua forma ou estrutura física. Na Segunda, procurou-se analisar tal definição, com base em três critérios: o técnico, o mercadológico e o econômico. Na terceira, foram analisados aspectos físicos como a arquitetura e a mobília, e aspectos funcionais como a segurança, a destinação do lixo produzido no hotel, a postura de agente educador que deve assumir, as informações que deve passar aos turistas e , por fim, discutiu-se as qualidade e habilidades que devem Ter os guias de ecoturismo. Na Quarta etapa discutiu-se o que representaria o protótipo de um hotel de selva. Na Quinta, analisou-se como um hotel de selva poderia aperfeiçoar seu produto. De um modo geral, a pesquisa veio revelar que o produto de um hotel de selva é essencialmente baseado nos atrativos naturais e culturais da região, associado ao pernoite, entendido como a disponibilização de um adequado ambiente para o descanso e acomodação de pessoas que desejam conhecer a floresta amazônica vivenciando o cenário que a constitui
Systemic Vulnerability and Risk Assessment of Transportation Systems Under Natural Hazards Towards More Resilient and Robust Infrastructures
No full textAbstractTransportation infrastructures are complex systems of various connected components like bridges, roads, tunnels, embankments, retaining walls in case of a highway system or wharfs, cranes, buildings, utility systems in case of port facilities. Due to their spatial extent, they are exposed to variable natural hazards such as earthquakes, tsunami or landslides. Experience from past disastrous events shows that transportation infrastructures are quite vulnerable due to the lack of redundancy, the lengthy repair time, the rerouting difficulties or the cascading failures and interdependencies. Their damage could be greatly disruptive in terms of safety of life, business disruption, access to emergency services and key lifelines utilities, rescue operations and socio-economic impacts. Therefore, in terms of resilience it is important to recognize and quantify the risks and global losses associated to damages of transportation systems and to establish efficient risk mitigation strategies. These include, among others, enhancement of emergency preparedness, strengthening of existing structures and improvement of the recovery planning.Herein an integrated framework for the probabilistic systemic vulnerability and risk assessment of transportation and utility networks is presented, based on the achievements of the recently completed EC project SYNER-G (www.syner-g.eu) and the ongoing EC project STREST (www.strest-eu.org). The infrastructure is modeled according to a detailed taxonomy. The framework encompasses in an integrated fashion all aspects in the chain, from regional hazard to fragility assessment of components to the socio-economic impacts of a natural disaster, accounting for relevant uncertainties within an efficient quantitative simulation scheme, and modeling interactions between multiple component systems in the taxonomy. Selected Performance Indicators (PIs) are calculated for each network based on the estimated damages and functionality losses of the different components under the given hazards.The methodology and tools are demonstrated through case studies in the road network and the harbor of Thessaloniki city, Greece, under seismic hazard and associated geotechnical hazards (i.e. soil liquefaction). The applications include assessments of systems’ performance considering the spatial seismic hazard with correlation of ground motion intensities, the vulnerability of the network components, and the effect of interactions within the system, as well as, between components of different systems. In particular, road disruptions can be caused due to direct damage of road segments and bridges, as well as building and overpass collapses. Harbor operations can be disturbed due to failures of waterfront structures and cargo handling equipment, as well as disruptions to the electric power supply and building collapses. The systemic risk for the road network and harbor is calculated, specifically focusing on the short-term impact of seismic events (just after the earthquake) and the risk curves (i.e. mean annual rates of exceedance for loss in performance of the infrastructures) are provided. The significant elements for the functionality of each system are defined through correlation factors to the system PIs. Such results can contribute to the decision-making regarding the enhancement of existing and the robust development of new infrastructures in the frame of safety and resiliency
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #2]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
Dimethyl carbonate as a green solvent for the synthesis of platform chemicals from renewable lignin feedstocks
No full textDimethyl carbonate was evaluated as a green methylating and transesterification reagent and solvent for the chemical-valorisation of renewable platform chemicals from lignin model compounds using a range of catalysts. Of the major components of lignocellulosic biomass (namely cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin), chemical technologies for the conversion of lignin into higher value-added compounds are the least studied.[1] With a view to developing new chemical products from lignin, it is desirable to first study lignin model compounds. Thus, cinnamyl alcohol, 3-(4-hydroxypropyl)phenol, vanillyl alcohol, and syringic acid were chosen as representative of the p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol, and sinapyl alcohol building blocks of lignin. Moreover, dimethyl carbonate was chosen because it is cheap, readily available, and has low toxicity, making it a good alternative to traditional methylating agents such as dimethyl sulfate and methyl halides.[2] In the present work, a range of catalysts, including K2CO3, CsF/αAl2O3, NaX, NaY and [P8881][CH3OCOO], are investigated for the methylation and transesterification of the model compounds. One approach is to form the methyl carbonate product in a first step, followed by the methylation reaction in a second step.
References
[1] J. Zakzeski, P. C. A. Bruijnincx, A. L. Jongerius, B. M. Weckhuysen, Chem. Rev. (Washington, DC, U. S.) 2010, 110, 3552-3599.
[2] M. Selva, A. Perosa, Green Chem. 2008, 10, 457-464
Long-term multi-risk assessment: statistical treatment of interaction among risks
No full textMulti-risk approaches have been recently proposed to assess and compare
different risks in the same target area. The key points of multi-risk assessment are the
development of homogeneous risk definitions and the treatment of risk interaction. The
lack of treatment of interaction may lead to significant biases and thus to erroneous risk
hierarchization, which is one of primary output of risk assessments for decision makers. In
this paper, a formal statistical model is developed to treat interaction between two different
hazardous phenomena in long-term multi-risk assessments, accounting for possible effects
of interaction at hazard, vulnerability and exposure levels. The applicability of the
methodology is demonstrated through two illustrative examples, dealing with the influence
of (1) volcanic ash in seismic risk and (2) local earthquakes in tsunami risk. In these
applications, the bias in single-risk estimation induced by the assumption of independence
among risks is explicitly assessed. An extensive application of this methodology at
regional and sub-regional scale would allow to identify when and where a given interaction
has significant effects in long-term risk assessments, and thus, it should be considered in
multi-risk analyses and risks hierarchization.Published701-7224.2. TTC - Modelli per la stima della pericolosità sismica a scala nazionaleJCR Journalope
Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment: Combining Cornell-like approaches and data at sites through Bayesian inference
No full textThe societal importance and implications of seismic-hazard assessment forces the scientific community to pay increasing attention to the evaluation of uncertainty in order to provide accurate assessments. Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) formally accounts for the natural variability of the involved phenomena, from seismic sources to wave propagation. Recently, increased attention has been paid to the consequences of alternative modeling procedures on hazard results. This uncertainty, essentially of epistemic nature, has been shown to have major impacts on PSHA results, leading to extensive applications of techniques like the logic tree. Here, we develop a formal Bayesian inference scheme for PSHA that allows us, on the one hand, to explicitly account for all uncertainties and, on the other hand, to consider a larger set of sources of information, from heterogeneous models to past data. This process decreases the chance of undesirable biases and leads to a controlled increase of the precision of the probabilistic assessment. In addition, the proposed Bayesian scheme allows (1) the assignment of a subjective reliability to single models, without requirement of completeness or homogeneity, and (2) a transparent and uniform evaluation of the strength of each piece of information used on the final results. The applicability of the method is demonstrated through the assessment of seismic hazard in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy. In this application the results of a traditional Cornell-McGuire hazard model based on a logic tree are updated with the historical macroseismic records to provide a unified assessment that accounts for both sources of information
Perfil de emprendimiento y rendimiento académico en alumnos del último año de estudios de la Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva - 2017
No full textEl objetivo del estudio fue analizar la relación entre el perfil de emprendimiento y el
rendimiento académico en alumnos del último año de estudios (n=169) de la Universidad
Nacional Agraria de la Selva de la ciudad de Tingo María (Perú). El tipo de estudio es
aplicada y de nivel relacional con diseño no experimental transversal, la técnica aplicada
fue la encuesta (2017), empleándose un cuestionario de 26 ítems (tipo Likert). Se dividió
el perfil de emprendimiento en tres grupos (incipiente, en desarrollo y potencial) frente al
rendimiento académico. Los resultados indicaron el 72.8% de los alumnos tienen perfil
de emprendimiento potencial, el 24.9% tienen perfil de emprendimiento en desarrollo y
el 2.4% tienen perfil de emprendimiento incipiente. También se determinó que el 96% de
los alumnos tienen rendimiento académico regular y el 4% malo, según la clasificación
del ministerio de educación.
Para el contraste de las hipótesis tantogeneral y especificas se aplicó las pruebas no
paramétricas, kruskal-wallis y U de mann whitney. Los resultados indicaron que el PValor es mayor que al nivel de significancia alfa (P-Valor>α; 0.068>0.05), es decir, no
existe relación significativa entre el perfil de emprendimiento y el rendimiento académico
en los alumnos del último año de estudios de la Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva.
También se demostró que existe diferencias significativas entre las carreras profesionales
de ingeniería y ciencias económicas, administrativas y contables respecto al perfil de
emprendimiento y rendimiento académico en los alumnos del último año de estudios de
la Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva.Tesi
In Memoriam: Selva J. Raj (1952-2008)
No full textSelva J. Raj was a man dedicated to life and work in all its breathtaking complexity. At the time of his untimely death of a heart attack on March 14th, he was the Stanley S. Kresge Endowed Professor and Chair of the Religious Studies Department at Albion College. In addition to tirelessly serving on a lengthy list of campus-wide, national, and international committees and boards, Selva was co-chair of the Comparative Studies in Religion Section of the AAR since 2001; he rekindled the Conference on the Study of Religions of India in 2004 and served as its annual organizer; he was president of the Midwest AAR from 2003-2005 and president of the Society for Hindu-Christian Studies from 2000-2002
- …
