1,721,419 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Methylphosphonium methylcarbonate, ylide precursor for halyde- and base-free Wittig reactions
No full textThe phosphonium salt triphenylmethylphosphonium methylcarbonate [PΦ,Φ,Φ,1][OCOOCH3] was obtained by methylation of triphenylphosphine (Ph3P) with dimethylcarbonate, adopting a green and sustainable procedure1.
The [PΦ,Φ,Φ,1][OCOOCH3] phosphonium salt was observed to possess significant P-CH3 proton acidity, and deuterium exchange experiments showed the formation of the analogous PhP3-CD3 phosphonium salt. Spontaneous deprotonation of the methyl group lead therefore to formation of the corresponding phosphorus ylide, Ph3P=CH2.
This Ph3P=CH2 ylide was tested for the Wittig reaction with benzaldehyde PhCHO, generating the desired PhC=CH2 olefination product. It was noteworthy that this Wittig reaction protocol did not require an alkyl halide or a strong base for the formation of the ylide, and could be conducted in air, making it a greener procedure.
The scope of the olefination reaction was extended to a number of carbonyl substrates, both aldehydes and ketones, with high conversions and selectivity. It was performed under mild conditions (34 – 80 °C), using a ratio ylide:carbonyl between 1.0 -3.0, in 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran (2-Me-THF) as solvent.
The study was also extended to other alkylphosphonium methylcarbonate ionic liquids ([P8,8,8,1][OCOOCH3] and [P4,4,4,1][OCOOCH3]). It was demonstrated that, depending on the reaction conditions, it was possible to achieve not only the transfer of a =CH2 fragment, but also the selective transfer of the bulkier alkyl group e.g. =CH(CH2)nCH3, giving access to a variety of olefins. Cis-trans selectivity was in the range 20-80
Halide- and base-free Wittig reaction: phosphonium methylcarbonate salts as ylide precursors
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
La geometria delle emozioni. Dialogo a due voci sulla necessità di una didattica performativa
No full textA partire da alcune esperienze con insegnanti di matematica in formazione e in servizio, sviluppate intrecciando aspetti specifici della matematica alle trame autobiografiche dei partecipanti mediante il ricorso a strumenti performativi, si sono proposte riflessioni con l’obiettivo di contribuire a delineare modelli di interventi formativi per insegnanti che prevedano, come imprescindibile, l’integrazione tra motivi autobiografici e costrutti cognitivi.
Nelle esperienze citate, gli aspetti specifici della matematica hanno riguardato il problema della duplicazione del quadrato, i solidi platonici e la formula di Eulero sulla numerosità di spigoli, vertici e facce di un poliedro; le trame autobiografiche si riferivano alla relazione personale con la matematica come disciplina nelle diverse tappe del proprio percorso scolastico ed alla riflessione sulla propria identità professionale di insegnanti e sulle pratiche d’azione in classe
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
