1,720,972 research outputs found
Governance of Entrance Exams to Universities in Vietnam
No full textThis paper clarifies the logics in allocation of power between the state and universities/colleges (Universities) in Vietnam, with emphasis on entrance exams, through a historical analysis of changes in the institutional arrangements mainly after the launch of the "Doi Moi" policy in 1986. This paper will provide some viewpoints regarding changes in visions of human resources trained in Universities in transition era and why the state retook the power related to setting entrance exam questions. The results are as follows. First, it is not political conviction but academic ability that is more important in deciding who should enter Universities. Second, university autonomy in entrance exams has expanded gradually, with the power to set entrance exams questions retaken by the state to level the quality since 2003. Third, the system where "the state is responsible for enrollment quotas and universities decide the questions and select successful applicants" has changed to one where "universities are responsible for enrollment quotas and deciding successful applicants, while the state sets the questions and standard for academic ability". In conclusion, there has been a change from the thought that universities should select students autonomously with quantitative control from the state, to that the state should be more powerful to raise the standards of quality in higher education
The Process of Formulating Socialistic Higher Education System in Vietnam
No full textThis paper aims at clarifying the special characteristics of the system of higher education in Vietnam during the unification period with special emphasis on exploring university autonomy, and particularly considering the changes in relationship between the state and university, through a comparative analysis of higher education systems in both South Vietnam and unified Vietnam. This paper will provide what was pointed out to be reformed and how the role of university changed in the transition from democratic system to socialist system. On the basis of research question above, this paper finds out following points; First, large national universities with autonomy to a certain degree such as Saigon and Hue were centered on higher education in Republic of Vietnam. Second, the reform of higher education system in South Vietnam just after the condemnation was related to internal reconstruction of university including promotion of political thoughts, adjustments of specializations and faculties, and establishment of the party organizations into the institution. Third, following reform after reunification of Vietnam was about the relationship between the state and university to change drastically the system of higher education administration and introduce the way of governance where colleges came under jurisdiction of different central ministries. In the light of these points, it is concluded that university with autonomy to a certain degree, in the transition to a socialist country, was rebuild to college that was under very strong control of relevant central ministry and only providing training based on the planning of the state
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Changing Structures of Higher Education in Transition Countries: Case Studies from Russia, Mongolia and China
No full textThis paper aims to clarify the characteristics of changing structures of higher education in socialist countries in transition, such as Russia, Mongolia, and China, with special emphasis on the changes in ratio of enrolled students according to field of study. Socialistic systems existed in these countries, and a transition of political and economic systems has been taking place since the late 1980s. This transition has also changed the systems and structures of higher education in these countries. Comparative analysis indicated that the ratios of Bachelor of Arts in higher education systems have increased in all three countries since the transition. However, the ratios of engineering fields differed between these countries in transition. These observations indicated that socialist systems and the transition away from these systems have similarities in higher education systems and changing patterns of higher education structures in these countries, and also that there may be some variables in these countries, such as initial conditions at the time of introduction of the socialist system and transition patterns of political economy, which result in variations in higher education structures
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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