200 research outputs found
Biochemical Characterization, Antifungal Activity, and Relative Gene Expression of Two <i>Mentha</i> Essential Oils Controlling <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, the Causal Agent of <i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> Root Rot
No full textTomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is important food in daily human diets. Root rot disease by Fusarium oxysporum caused huge losses in tomato quality and yield annually. The extensive use of synthetic and chemical fungicides has environmental risks and health problems. Recent studies have pointed out the use of medicinal plant essential oils (EOs) and extracts for controlling fungal diseases. In the current research, Mentha spicata and Mentha longifolia EOs were used in different concentrations to control F. oxysporum. Many active compounds are present in these two EOs such as: thymol, adapic acid, menthol and menthyl acetate. These compounds possess antifungal effect through malformation and degradation of the fungal cell wall. The relative expression levels of distinctly upregulated defense-related WRKY genes (WRKY1, WRKY4, WRKY33 and WRKY53) in seedling root were evaluated as a plant-specific transcription factor (TF) group in different response pathways of abiotic stress. Results showed significant expression levels of WRKY, WRKY53, WRKY33, WRKY1 and WRKY4 genes. An upregulation was observed in defense-related genes such as chitinase and defensin in roots by application EOs under pathogen condition. In conclusion, M. spicata and M. longifolia EOs can be used effectively to control this plant pathogen as sustainable and eco-friendly botanical fungicides
Apterogyna oshaibahi Soliman & Gadallah, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Apterogyna oshaibahi</i> Soliman & Gadallah, sp. nov. <p>(Figs 23−27)</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Holotype ♀: Egypt, Wadi Digla, Cairo [29°57'30''N, 31°20'06''E], 20.xi.2014 (leg. Ahmed M. Soliman) [CUE]. Paratype 1 ♀: Egypt, Wadi Digla, Cairo [29°57'30''N, 31°20'06''E], 5.xi.2010 (leg. Ahmed M. Soliman) [CUE].</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. FEMALE (holotype). Body length 7 mm. <i>Colour</i>. Red, except flagellum of antenna light brown; coxae and T6 reddish brown, the latter with darker longitudinal ridges; prosternum, mesepisternum, T1 laterally, T2−T5 and metasomal sterna black; mid and hind tibial spurs waxy white; eye black. <i>Pubescence.</i> Face, vertex and scape of antenna clothed with recumbent white setae (Fig. 24); clypeus, occiput and basal third of mandible with erect white setae; mesosoma, legs and metasoma clothed with long erect and fine whitish setae, denser on metasomal terga than elsewhere. T1, T2 with moderately-developed tuft of white setae apicomesally (Fig. 26); metasomal segments 3−5 with apical fringe of such setae, well-developed on T3.</p> <p> <i>Head</i>. In dorsal view 1.2 × as broad as pronotum, abruptly convergent behind eyes; in frontal view distinctly transverse, its width 1.6 × head height; vertex flattened when seen from frontal view, impunctate, strongly sloping posteriorly; face superficially sparsely and finely punctate (nearly smooth and polished); eye small, subspherical, distinctly prominent, with middle-transversal axis located above midline between free margin of clypeus and vertex; malar space as long as LED; distance between antennal tubercles as long as tubercle length; clypeus gently convex; gena with weakly developed tubercle at the level of lower ocular margin; mandible slender, edentate (Fig. 24). Scape of antenna gently convex; F1 scarcely longer than F2; F2 as long as F3. Palpal segments slender.</p> <p> <i>Mesosoma</i>. Dorsally foveate-reticulate (foveae larger on dorsal face of propodeum than elsewhere) (Fig. 25); pronotum with anterior face gently declivous and posterior margin feebly concave, longitudinally ridged laterally; propodeal posterior face gently declivous, smooth and shiny. Mesopleuron smooth anteriorly and coarsely punctate posteriorly; metapleuron longitudinally coarsely ridged. Mesosternum polished and impunctate.</p> <p> <i>Metasoma</i>. T1 widened posteriorly (pear-shaped), slightly longer than its maximal width, superficially foveate, with apicomesal setal tuft 0.7 × as wide as that on T2 (Fig. 26); T2 bell-shaped, 0.7 × as long as broad, coarsely reticulate-foveate (Fig. 26); T3 with superficial sparse punctures progressively vanishing towards posterior margin; T4, T5 narrow and puncticulate; T6 subtriangular, with longitudinal interrupted ridges, bordered laterally with sharp evenly spaced teeth progressively reduced in size distally (Fig. 27). S1 smooth posteriorly, with superficial sparse punctures anteriorly; S2 and S3 sparsely punctate, punctures contiguous laterally; S4, S5 smooth; S1−S5 with a row of sparse punctures along their apical margin; S6 smooth except for few punctures apicolaterally.</p> <p>MALE unknown.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Egypt: Wadi Digla.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> <i>Apterogyna oshaibahi</i> is nearest to <i>A. olivieri</i> except for the following: body with scattered setae (while dense in <i>A. olivieri</i> especially on head); mesosomal dorsum with scattered erect setae (with dense recumbent setae intermixed with erect ones in <i>A. olivieri</i>); setal tufts on T1 and T2 moderately-developed (well-developed in <i>A. olivieri</i>). A new species also resembles <i>A. mateui</i> but differ in the following: metasomal T2 coarsely reticulatefoveate, T3 with scattered superficial punctures (Fig. 26) (T2–T3 with oblong punctures and few ridges in between in <i>A. mateui</i>).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> This species is named in honour of the late Prof. Alaa Din A. Oshaibah professor of the first author).</p>Published as part of <i>Soliman, Ahmed M., Gadallah, Neveen S., Al-Shahat, Ahmed M. & Pagliano, G., 2015, The genus Apterogyna Latreille, 1809 in Egypt, with three new species (Hymenoptera: Bradynobaenidae: Apterogyninae), pp. 209-220 in Zootaxa 3905 (2)</i> on pages 215-218, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3905.2.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/241302">http://zenodo.org/record/241302</a>
How intent to interact can affect action scaling of distance: reply to Wilson
No full textabstract: Soliman et al. (2013) set out to demonstrate how the bodily level of analysis can unify explanations in psychology. Our argument was that common sensorimotor mechanisms underlie many of the behavioral phenomena that are currently segregated as cognitive, social, or cultural. Toward that end, we re-characterized a cultural construct—self-construal along the dimension of independence and interdependence (Markus and Kitayama, 1991)—as reflecting degree of interaction with ethnically diverse others.View the article as published at http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00513/ful
Assessment and Improvement of Zonal Grey Area Mitigation Methods: Towards a faster RANS-to-LES transition
No full textHybrid RANS-LES methods have become a popular numerical approach for a wide variety of flows. This is due to dissatisfaction with the RANS modelling paradigm in separated flows along with the prohibitive computational cost of pure LES, especially in wall-bounded flows at high Reynolds numbers. However, these methods are susceptible to the grey area problem, where the modeling approach is neither RANS nor LES: rather it is a region with an ambiguous modeling approach. In zonal approaches that function as embedded wall-modeled LES (WMLES), the transition from RANS to LES can be accelerated by improving the synthetic turbulence and its injection into the flow. In this work, a systemic assessment of the two aspects of zonal grey area mitigation methods was carried out. The synthetic turbulence was generated by the synthetic turbulence generator (STG) and injected into the flow using two different forcing terms. To ensure accurate second-order statistics of synthetic turbulence, a priori estimations of the bias error associated with a specific realization of a random number set were implemented and used. This resulted in smaller deviations between the statistics of the synthetic turbulence and the target Reynolds stresses. Furthermore, a modified synthetic turbulence forcing that ensures more accurate estimation of the total shear stress in close proximity to the RANS-LES interface was proposed. Moreover, a dynamic forcing that selectively enhances the production of underestimated Reynolds stresses was implemented and evaluated. These aspects resulted in a faster transition from RANS to LES in terms of both skin friction coefficients and Reynolds stresses. In addition, the WMLES capabilities of the subgrid length scale Δ˜𝜔 together with the subgrid-scale 𝜎-model were explored. This work revealed that this combination is troublesome when used as embedded WMLES with synthetic turbulence, especially in stable flows. This is due to excessively decreased levels of eddy viscosity in the near-wall RANS region.Aerospace Engineerin
Traduire l'astrophysique: la métaphore terminologique. L'exemple du Destin de l'univers de Jean-Pierre Luminet.
No full textThis article is the result of a didactic project which involved the translation into Italian of the French astrophysics vulgarisation text Le Destin de l'Univers by J.-P. Luminet. After a short presentation of the author and of the text characteristics, the article deals with the question of metaphor in scientific texts and proceeds to present a typology of possible translation strategies of scientific metaphors, based on the example of the translated text
What drives some American Muslims to support Republicans?
No full textWhat drives some American Muslims to support the Republican Party? Recent research and polling information suggests that a significant portion of this religious community supports a political faction that is often perceived to be anti-Muslim; this may be impacted by factors such as income and race. The author hypothesized that identity with racial groups that are often considered "white" would most impact Muslim support for the GOP. Using polling data from a nationally-representative sample of Muslim Americans, the researcher studied Muslims who supported Republicans. He operationalized the dependent variable using logit models to measure affiliation with the GOP and support for Donald Trump in 2016. The independent variables tested were: White identity, Arab identity, mosque attendance, religious identity, income, education, and gender (female). There were positive correlations between White and Arab identity and backing the GOP, and negative associations among females and support for the Republicans. Implications of these findings are discussed.Winner: First Place, 2022 Paul Robeson Library Undergraduate Research Award
Pacing the heart : Is it a must in studying mycardial contractile function in isolated hearts perfused using the langendorff system
No full textBackground: Myocardial contractile function has been studied extensively in isolated hearts using the Langendorff System. The effects of changing the heart rate on myocardial contractility have not been described. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of changing the heart rate on studying myocardial contractility in isolated heart models using the Langendorff System, and to determine whether pacing the hearts is required.
Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were used. Hearts were harvested and perfused using the Langendorff System. Hearts were assigned to either paced or unpaced groups. Hearts were paced at 5 Hz that is 300 beats per minute using an electrical stimulator using a 6020 Stimulator from Harvard Apparatus. Myocardial contractility was measured with a balloon-tipped catheter inserted into the left ventricle via the mitral valve and at constant coronary flow. Indices of left ventricular function were measured
Results: The hearts paced showed an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure at 45 and 60 minutes of perfusion (p<0.05) compared to the unpaced hearts. Left ventricular peak systolic pressure was significantly higher in the unpaced group compared to the paced group throughout the one-hour of experimental protocol (p<0.05). In the paced hearts there was a decrease in the generated pressure at the 45 and 60 minute perfusion time (p<0.05) compared to the unpaced group.
Conclusion: The cardiac contractile function was affected by changes in the heart rate in the isolated perfused hearts. In other words, to study the contractility in the isolated perfused hearts, the hearts should be paced at a constant heart rateCorresponding Author:
Mona Soliman, MD, MSc, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, P.O. Box 2925 (29), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia. Email: [email protected]
Author Correction: Gain and isolation enhancement of a wideband MIMO antenna using metasurface for 5G sub-6 GHz communication systems
No full textCorrection to: Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13522-5, published online 08 June 2022
In the original version of this Article, Mohamed S. Soliman was incorrectly affiliated with ‘Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt’. The correct affiliation is listed below.
4. Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, PO Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
The original Article has been corrected
Correction to
No full textThe article “Intermittent levosimendan infusion in ambulatory patients with end‑stage heart failure: a systematic review and meta‑analysis of 984 patients”, written by Hagar Elsherbini, Osama Soliman, Casper Zijderhand, Mattie Lenzen, Sanne E. Hoeks, Rasha Kaddoura, Mohamed Izham5, Abdulaziz Alkhulaifi, Amr S. Omar, and Kadir Caliskan, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 11 April 2021 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 10 June 2021 to</p
The Effect of Relaxation Techniques on Blood Pressure and Stress among Pregnant Women with Mild Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
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