1,721,147 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
The patrimony of criminal origin
No full textEn matière de patrimoine d’origine criminelle, le droit criminel assure aussi bien la protection des éléments du patrimoine-infracteur que leur captation. Traiter le sujet du patrimoine d’origine criminelle, c’est comprendre la relation qui l’unit au droit pénal. Il apparaît d’abord que la matière pénale a élaboré tant sa propre constitution du patrimoine que celle du patrimoine d’origine criminelle. Tout en s’inscrivant dans la lignée des autres branches du droit puisqu’elle s’inspire des mêmes concepts, il est fréquent qu’elle les déforme et les façonne à l’instar des concepts de propriété et de libre disposition pour les faire entrer dans le champ pénal. Le droit criminel marque ainsi son autonomie vis-à-vis des autres matières. Il appert ensuite que le droit pénal envisage tant la saisie, c’est-à-dire la captation en amont des avoirs criminels, que la confiscation ou captation en aval. Quand la première rend indisponible tout ou partie du patrimoine‐infracteur, la deuxième aboutit à sa dépossession au profit de l’État. Bien qu’ayant une marge de progression non négligeable, ces mécanismes tendent à rapprocher le législateur de son but ultime à savoir rendre impénétrable l’économie licite aux avoirs originellement criminels ou à finalité criminelle.As regards Patrimony of criminal origin, the criminal law ensures as well the protection of the items of the patrimony offender as their captation. To deal with the subject of the patrimony of criminal origin is to understand its connection with the criminal law. It appears first that the criminal matter has elaborated its own constituting of both patrimony and patrimony of criminal origin. While being a part of the other lines of law because it’s inspired by the same concepts, it frequently distorts and shapes them, as for instance the concepts of ownership and free disposal, in order to make them enter into the criminal field. Thus the criminal law marks its autonomy towards the other matters. It appears then that the criminal law considers as well seizure, i.e. the capitation of the criminal assets upstream, as forfeiture or capitation downstream. When the first one makes unavailable a whole or a part of the patrimony offender, the second one leads to its dispossession for the benefit of the State. Although they have a not negligible progression margin, these mechanisms lead to bring the legislator nearer to his final objective, namely to make impenetrable the legal economy to the originally criminal assets or assets of criminal aim
The road criminal responsibility
No full textLa responsabilité pénale routière est devenue un enjeu primordial des politiques pénales contemporaines. Sensibilisé aux dangers et tragédies occasionnés par la circulation des véhicules, le législateur n’a eu de cesse d’accentuer et de faciliter la répression des infractions routières, notamment par la consécration de nouvelles infractions, par l’accroissement des techniques d’imputation ou encore par l’édifice de voies procédurales spécifiques. Au fil du temps, la responsabilité pénale routière s’est singularisée avec la responsabilité pénale classique. Ce mouvement ne l’a toutefois pas rendue plus lisible, plus claire ou plus accessible ; bien au contraire. D’ailleurs, la doctrine est généralement restée relativement indifférente à ces évolutions, en reléguant la matière et les questions qu’elle soulève à des considérations techniques ou pratiques. Pourtant, le droit répressif routier participe bien de la science pénale et, quantitativement, il en est même le premier représentant. Il était donc indispensable d’envisager une telle étude universitaire. Dans une perspective de systématisation, il s’agira de rechercher la place de la responsabilité pénale routière au sein de la théorie de la responsabilité pénale ou si, au contraire, elle se serait, comme certains pourraient l’affirmer, « autonomisée ». Pour ce faire, à chacune de ses étapes, la responsabilité pénale routière sera comparée aux principes et problématiques de la responsabilité pénale classique. C’est de cette façon que seront révélées ses spécificités. Cette entreprise sera alors l’occasion d’éprouver les singularités relevées (ou leur absence) en sondant leur fondement et leur pertinence. Des pistes prospectives seront enfin envisagées dans une quête constante de cohérence qui, en l’état, fait défaut à la matière.The road criminal responsibility has become a key issue in contemporary criminal policies. Aware of the dangers and tragedies caused by the traffic of vehicles, the legislator has not ceased to accentuate and facilitate the repression of road traffic offences, in particular by the consecration of new offences, by increasing the techniques of imputation or by building specific procedural ways. Over time, road criminal responsibility has become unique with traditional criminal responsibility. However, this movement did not make it more readable, clearer or more accessible ; quite the contrary. Moreover, the doctrine has generally remained relatively indifferent to these developments, relegating the matter and the questions it raises to technical or practical considerations. However, the law of repression on roads is a good part of criminal science and, quantitatively, it is even the first representative of it. It was therefore essential to consider such a university study. From the point of view of systematization, it will be a question of seeking the place of road criminal responsibility within the theory of criminal responsibility or if, on the contrary, it would have been, as some might say, “empowered”. To do this, at each of its stages, road criminal responsibility will be compared to the principles and problems of traditional criminal responsibility. It is in this way that its specificities will be revealed. This undertaking will then be an opportunity to test the singularities identified (or their absence) by probing their basis and relevance. Prospective avenues will finally be considered in a constant quest for coherence which, as it stands, is lacking in the matter
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