1,720,964 research outputs found
Global Climate Change Vs. Global Warming: What Is the Difference Global Climate Change and Global Warming ?
No full textThe terms global climate change and global warming describe the same phenomena, but are not perceived as being synonymous. Both terms are used as overarching phrases to address the dramatic environmental changes that result from human interaction with natural systems. Many studies have concluded that subjects do not perceive global climate change and global warming in a similar fashion. These studies show that people are more likely to believe in the environmental issues facing the world when these problems are described under the term global climate change. However, the media and politicians frequently use the term “global warming,” which makes this term more familiar to the general public. This study was conducted to observe the views of the respondents, Fordham University Students, on “global warming” and “global climate change” and whether or not the views of the current phenomena differed based on which term the respondents saw. The survey was distributed to 53 respondents and contained 22 statements and 13 items on a semantic differential scale. In both of these sections, half the respondents were asked to rate their beliefs and perception regarding “global warming” and the other half regarding “global climate change.” Results suggested that the respondents perceived global climate change to be more serious on various subscales than global warming
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Valuation of Ecosystem Services for Environmental Decision Making in South Florida
No full textThe Greater Everglades system imparts vital ecosystem services (ES) to South Florida residents including high quality drinking water supplies and a habitat for threatened and endangered species. As a result of the altered Everglades system and regional dynamics, restoration may either improve the provision of these services or impose a tradeoff between enhanced environmental goods and services and competing societal demands. The current study aims at understanding public preferences for restoration and generating willingness to pay (WTP) values for restored ES through the implementation of a discrete choice experiment. A previous study (Milon et al., 1999) generated WTP values amongst Floridians of up to 4.07 billion for full restoration over a 10-year period. We have collected data from 2,905 respondents taken from two samples who participated in an online survey designed to elicit the WTP values for selected ecological and social attributes included in the earlier study (Milon et al. 1999). We estimate that the Florida general public is willing to pay up to 954.1 million over 10 years to avoid restrictions on their water usage and up to 183.7 million over 10 years to restore the hydrological flow within the Water Conservation Area
An Assessment of Climate Mobility Pressures in Response to Dynamic Sea-Level Rise
Get PDFSea-level rise (SLR) and related flooding impacts will contribute to migration across coastal communities around the world. Differential exposure to impacts, societal vulnerability, and adaptive capacity will invariably lead to varying climate-related mobility outcomes for residents of these communities. Residents of Miami-Dade County (MDC), FL, USA are at substantial risk to the direct and indirect impacts of SLR and related flooding. As the 2nd most economically unequal metropolitan area in the U.S. according to the Gini coefficient (0.508), without strategic intervention, marginalized and vulnerable communities across MDC will disproportionately face unequal mobility pressures. This dissertation seeks to understand the potential drivers of climate-related mobility and its impacts on residents. I developed a framework to distinguish between differential pressures for SLR related mobility to categorize residents into four potential outcomes: (1) stable, (2) migrating, (3) displaced, (4) and trapped. Using this framework, I observed how SLR-related mobility pressures could impact current MDC residents through (1) a quantitative assessment of potential drivers of climate mobility, (2) semi-structured interviews with residents, and (3) a county-wide survey to assess household preferences for SLR adaptation and mobility. I categorized residents into one of the four mobility categories by first assessing exposure to inundation and extreme flooding (1% annual chance) flood risk under scenarios of increasing SLR using a fast-response, regional model that produces street-level flood depths, or PRIMo. I combined this information with an assessment of social vulnerability generated through a model-based clustering approach. Results suggest up to 68% of current residents could face immobility pressure under high SLR scenarios, while 6.1–9.5% of current residents could face climate-related displacement pressures resulting from increased desirability for safer, more resilient development. Through interviews with residents (n=40), I documented high frequencies of pluvial flooding across the county, leading to ad-hoc adaptations and potentially higher willingness to move (75%) in response to future SLR impacts among residents. Results from the county-wide survey suggest that residents (n=597) prefer adaptation even under scenarios of high-SLR, but residents who were less confident in their financial ability to deal with SLR preferred to move away. This dissertation highlights the unevenness of climate risks and raises considerable concern about the future of coastal communities and their residents, globally, if left unaddressed
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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