1,040 research outputs found
Analysis of continuous-time Markovian ϵ -SIS epidemics on networks
No full textWe analyze continuous-time Markovian ϵ-SIS epidemics with self-infections on the complete graph. The majority of the graphs are analytically intractable, but many physical features of the ϵ-SIS process observed in the complete graph can occur in any other graph. In this work, we illustrate that the timescales of the ϵ-SIS process are related to the eigenvalues of the tridiagonal matrix of the SIS Markov chain. We provide a detailed analysis of all eigenvalues and illustrate that the eigenvalues show staircases, which are caused by the nearly degenerate (but strictly distinct) pairs of eigenvalues. We also illustrate that the ratio between the second-largest and third-largest eigenvalue is a good indicator of metastability in the ϵ-SIS process. Additionally, we show that the epidemic threshold of the Markovian ϵ-SIS process can be accurately approximated by the effective infection rate for which the third-largest eigenvalue of the transition matrix is the smallest. Finally, we derive the exact mean-field solution for the ϵ-SIS process on the complete graph, and we show that the mean-field approximation does not correctly represent the metastable behavior of Markovian ϵ-SIS epidemics. Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Network Architectures and Service
Modeling Airport Congestion Contagion by SIS Epidemic Spreading on Airline Networks
No full textWe model airport congestion contagion as an SIS spreading process on an airport transportation network to explain airport vulnerability. The vulnerability of each airport is derived from the US Airport Network data as its congestion probability. We construct three types of airline networks to capture diverse features such as the frequency and duration of flights. The weight of each link augments its infection rate in SIS spreading process. The nodal infection probability in the meta-stable state is used as estimate the vulnerability of the corresponding airport. We illustrate that our model could reasonably capture the distribution of nodal vulnerability and rank airports in vulnerability evidently better than the random ranking, but not significantly better than using nodal network properties. Such congestion contagion model not only allows the identification of vulnerable airports but also opens the possibility to reduce global congestion via congestion reduction in few airports.Accepted author manuscriptMultimedia Computin
The Other Side of Moon: The Schengen Information System and Human Rights: A Task for National Courts. CEPS Working Document No. 288/April 2008
No full textThe recent proposals of the European Commission for a European Border Management Strategy are based on an almost blind faith in the use of large-scale databases, identification measures and biometrics for immigration and border control purposes. It is clear that these measures entail a risk to the protection of not only the right to privacy and the right to data protection, but also to the freedom of movement and the principle of non-discrimination. This paper by Evelien Brouwer, lecturer at the Law School of Utrecht University, considers the human rights implications of the Schengen Information System (SIS). Describing the case of Mr. and Mrs. Moon, who have been reported as “inadmissible” in the SIS for more than ten years, the difficulties for thirdcountry nationals trying to remedy a false or unlawful SIS report are highlighted. The Moon case illustrates that the outcome of national proceedings dealing with an SIS alert can be very different. The author concludes with recommendations to guarantee individuals’ rights to effective remedies and to improve the position and powers of national courts
Schengen Information System II (SIS II)
No full textŠengenas informācijas sistēma (SIS) ir Eiropas Savienības mēroga IT sistēma, ko izveidoja, lai ievāktu un nodotu informāciju saistībā ar imigrācijas politiku un policijas un tiesu iestāžu sadarbību krimināllietās, ar mērķi atsvērt iekšējās robežkontroles atcelšanu Šengenas teritorijā. Sistēma paceļ būtisku jautājumu par līdzsvaru starp efektīvu tiesībsargājošo iestāžu imigrācijas kontroli un sabiedriskās drošības nodrošināšanu no vienas puses un cilvēku brīvību aizsargāšanu no otras puses. Šā potenciālā konflikta dēļ autors ir izpētījis SIS darbību un tā plānoto attīstību par otrās paaudzes sistēmu, zināmu kā SIS II. Autors ir apskatījis SIS II ar mērķi novērtēt vai piedāvātā sistēma ir efektīva, pārredzama un droša.
Latvija nav Šengenas valsts, bet tuvākajā nākotnē par tādu kļūs. Tādēļ Šengenas informācijas sistēma un tās attīstība par otrās paaudzes sistēmu ir viena no galvenajām mūsu valsts prioritātēm.
SIS II uzglabās milzīgu personu sensitīvo datu apjomu. Šādu datu apstrāde un aizsardzība tiks regulēta ar daudziem tiesību instrumentiem, kas bieži konfliktēs. Autors pēta kā šādus noteikumus izstrādāt skaidrus un nepārprotamus un, kas būs „neatkarīgā” datu aizsardzības iestāde Latvijā?
Autors arī apskata SIS II izveides aizkavēšanās iemeslus un kādas sekas tas radīs dalībvalstīs, jo īpaši Latvijā.The Schengen Information System (SIS) is an EU-wide system for the collection and exchange of information relating to immigration, policing and criminal law, for the purposes of law enforcement and immigration control. The System raises fundamental questions concerning the balance between, on the one hand, the operational effectiveness of immigration control and public security by law enforcement authorities, and on the other hand the protection of civil liberties. It is against this potential conflict that author has examined the working of the SIS, and its planned development into a second-generation system, known as SIS II. Author has looked at SIS II with the aim of assessing whether the proposed system is efficient, transparent, accountable and secure.
Latvia is not a Schengen State but will become one in the foreseeable future. That’s way the Schengen Information System, and its development into a second generation system, are matters of the highest relevance to this country.
SIS II will store an enormous volume of sensitive personal data. The processing and protection of such data will be governed by many different legislative instruments, often conflicting. Author considers how the provisions should be made clear and unambiguous.
Author has also looked at the delay in setting up SIS II, and the consequences this will have for Latvia and for other Member States
The Malay Version of the Revised-Suicide Ideation (R-SIS): An Examination of its Psychometric Properties
No full textThe surge prevalence of suicidal behavior among Malaysian attracts attention for prevention and intervention. More recent plates measure suicide behavior per se and predict the tendency of future suicide behavior. However, in Malaysia, such scales were understudied and cause a massive lack of scales and instruments to measure suicidal behavior among Malaysian who was converse in Malay. This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the translated the Revised-Suicide Ideation Scale (R-SIS) Malay version adapted from the Revised-Suicide Ideation Scale (R-SIS) developed by Rudd (1989). The scales were translated using the back-translation technique once the researcher gets approval for translation from the original author and reviewed by Medical Research Ethics Committee (MREC). The data obtained from a home-to-home survey around Citizen’s Housing Project in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor using purposive random sampling. Overall, a sample of 263 adolescents participated by answering two scales measuring suicidal behavior in this study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, reliability, and factorial analyses. The results yielded excellent reliability of the Malay translated Revised-Suicide Ideation Scale (R-SIS) and moderate concurrent validity with Beck Suicide Ideation (BIS). Meanwhile, the item-total correlation also shows an excellent discriminant validity. The factorial analysis produces only one factor, and the entire items are loaded into one component.
This finding suggests that the Malay version of the
Revised-Suicide Ideation Scale (R-SIS) is reliable for measuring suicide ideation and is appropriate for predicting R-SIS Malay version construct among clinical samples
The Biographical Author Works by Peter Sis in Media
No full textThis bachelor thesis maps the coverage of Peter Sis's two biographical author books in media. In particular, the Tree of Life and the Pilot and the Little Prince have been chosen. Firstly, the thesis focuses on the literary definition of these works, then outlines the life and artworks of the author. An interview with Petr Sís is also included and is theoretically explained in one of the chapters. This bachelor thesis introduces some important prizes in the field of books for children and youngsters, which the author has gained for his work. For example, the Hans Christian Andersen Award for lifetime achievement is mentioned there. The last chapter of this bachelor thesis focuses on the Tree of Life and the Pilot and the Little Prince and their media coverage. The results were achieved with the qualitative method of analysis. This thesis does not only focus on book reviews but also provides complete overview of media coverage of both mentioned books. Newton Media SEARCH and EBSCOhost electronic databases, magazines and newspapers in the National Library of the Czech Republic, web archives and reader's websites served to find the examined sample. Due to the fact that Peter Sis currently lives in the United States of America, the US media have been analyzed, too
SIS Epidemics on Network with Non-Markovian Curing Process
No full textSusceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) model is commonly used to describe the spreading of virus on networks. However, a real-life epidemic process is not necessarily Markovian. The spreading of diseases, behaviors and information in real systems are sometimes dependent on the characteristics and current status of individuals. Thus it is far from enough to just consider Markovian processes. We need to consider a more general model with non-Markovian processes. Although some recent works focus on the SIS model with a non-Markovian infection process, systematic research on the non-Markovian curing process is still lacking. Therefore, this thesis project is to study the influence of the non-Markovian curing process on the performance of SIS viral spreading on networks. Through continuous-time SIS epidemics simulator, we find some dramatic effects of a non-exponential curing time (while still assuming an exponential infection time) on the prevalence and critical point of effective infection rate by considering Weibullean curing times with same mean, but different shape parameter α. For α ∈ [0.2, 10], the epidemic threshold satisfies τc = 1/λ1, which is the same as the NIMFA conclusions of Markovian SIS process. Relatively, when α is too small, a large number of curing events synchronously happened at the beginning of the simulation, which will lead to collective deaths on finite network. The effect on initial condition of nodes further cause a decline on prevalence and an slow phase transition between healthy state and the meta-stable state. Furthermore, the heavy-tailed distribution of curing time leads to a small percent of nodes still surviving at the meta-stable state, even under a very low effective infection rate. The heavy-tailed distribution gives some nodes an extreme long curing time and thus can infect other nodes with a pretty small probability, thereby maintaining the virus' long-term spread in a small group of nodes. This spreading mode seems can explain some virus spreading phenomenon, like the spreading mode of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Additionally, when the shape parameter α of Weibull distribution is pretty large, the distribution of curing time is like a pulse or a Dirac delta function ( δ function), thus a huge amount of nodes can get synchronously recovered. We find when we control the successful curing probability p =1-1/e ≈0.632, the prevalence of pulse curing at the meta-stable state is equivalent to a Poisson curing process. Therefore, the pulse curing strategy can suppress the spreading of viruses and further save medical resources.Electrical Engineering | Telecommunications and Sensing System
Perancangan Sis+ Menggunakan Metode Yii Framework Pada Perguruan Tinggi Raharja
No full textThe development of information technology is increasingly rapidly and constantly changing year after year requires us to constantly innovate and make a creative work, as well as Higher Education Prog desperately need information systems that are relevant, accurate, fast, and efficient to support the sustainability of academic activity future. The author conducted research on SIS Information Systems in college Prog. The research method used was observation, library research and documentation. Development method used is the waterfall method. Based on the analysis conducted by the author and the problems encountered in the use of the SIS is still menggukan sweep sweep card card if the card is damaged / lost then the student can not use the SIS, the SIS is still accessing performed locally where the student must come in person to the SIS Box to take care of matters related to the students academic activity and as one of the alternative solutions, then be made to the proposed development of the SIS system itself. SIS+ software is a web-based information systems and made by Yii Framework using the PHP programming language. Database management system (DBMS) used in this software is MySQL. This information system will display the data that include academic values list data, student biographical data form and the form needed by the students, in addition, an information system is also expected to boost the quality and service to students
PERANCANGAN SIS+ MENGGUNAKAN METODE YII FRAMEWORK PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI RAHARJA
No full textThe development of information technology is increasingly rapidly and constantly changing year after year requires us to constantly innovate and make a creative work, as well as Higher Education Prog desperately need information systems that are relevant, accurate, fast, and efficient to support the sustainability of academic activity future. The author conducted research on SIS Information Systems in college Prog. The research method used was observation, library research and documentation. Development method used is the waterfall method. Based on the analysis conducted by the author and the problems encountered in the use of the SIS is still menggukan sweep sweep card card if the card is damaged / lost then the student can not use the SIS, the SIS is still accessing performed locally where the student must come in person to the SIS Box to take care of matters related to the students academic activity and as one of the alternative solutions, then be made to the proposed development of the SIS system itself. SIS+ software is a web-based information systems and made by Yii Framework using the PHP programming language. Database management system (DBMS) used in this software is MySQL. This information system will display the data that include academic values list data, student biographical data form and the form needed by the students, in addition, an information system is also expected to boost the quality and service to students
Resilience of epidemics for SIS model on networks
No full textEpidemic propagation on complex networks has been widely investigated, mostly with invariant parameters. However, the process of epidemic propagation is not always constant. Epidemics can be affected by various perturbations and may bounce back to its original state, which is considered resilient. Here, we study the resilience of epidemics on networks, by introducing a different infection rate λ2 during SIS (susceptible-infected-susceptible) epidemic propagation to model perturbations (control state), whereas the infection rate is λ1 in the rest of time. Noticing that when λ1 is below λc, there is no resilience in the SIS model. Through simulations and theoretical analysis, we find that even for λ2 < λc, epidemics eventually could bounce back if the control duration is below a threshold. This critical control time for epidemic resilience, i.e., cdmax, seems to be predicted by the diameter (d) of the underlying network, with the quantitative relation cdmax ~ dα. Our findings can help to design a better mitigation strategy for epidemics.</p
- …
