34,291 research outputs found
"Cronica der Turckey" Sebastian Franck's Translation of the "Tractatus de Moribus, Condicionibus et Nequitia Turcorum" by Georgius de Hungaria
No full textThe Tractatus de moribus, condicionibus et nequitia Turcorum is one of the most important first-hand accounts of life in fifteenth-century Turkey known to modern scholarship. It is the work of a Christian former slave of the Turks, writing after his return to the West. Although the author does not name himself, he can be identified as a
Dominican priest, Georgius de Hungaria, who died in Rome in 1502. His Tractatus is conceived as a work of anti-Islamic polemic, yet it contains a surprisingly unbiased appraisal of Turkish customs.
First printed c.1480 when European apprehension in the face of Ottoman expansion was at its height, the Tractatus was reprinted in numerous editions, and was widely used as a
source by other authors. Luther edited the text in 1530, using the positive account of Turkish customs and religious observance as a weapon in his polemic against the Roman
Catholic Church: if heathens could perform such exemplary works, who could fail to doubt the efficacy of works as a means of salvation?
Sebastian Franck in his German translation of the Tractatus went further: replacing Georgius' commentary with his own, he used the text to attack institutional religion as a
whole and to promote his concept of a non-dogmatic, spiritual Church of individuals united with each other only through their union with God -a Church which was not closed to Moslems or members of any other creed. This translation or adaptation, the Cronica der Türckey, marks Franck's decisive break with the Lutheran cause and the beginning of his lonely path as a 'spiritual individualist'. Franck reworked his translation of the Tractatus for his major geographical work, the Weltbuch of 1534.
This thesis concerns itself primarily with Franck's Cronica, providing the first modern critical edition of this text, in a near-diplomatic transcription with an extensive glossary. The thesis also includes transcriptions of the Tractatus; of Türckei, an anonymous translation of the Tractatus, and of relevant additional material from Franck's Weltbuch. None of these texts has been published in full in a modern edition.
In the Introduction Franck's Cronica is compared in detail with the Tractatus, highlighting the changes that occur in translation; the character and the significance of these changes are then discussed. It is established that Franck, whilst being unwilling to reverse any of Georgius' value judgements on Islam and Turkish culture, is highly selective in his choice of material for translation, and frequently gives the text new nuances and adds his own
comment. The question of the Tractatus' influence on Franck's further development as a writer and thinker is also raised.
The investigation then turns to Franck's use of the Tractatus material in his Weltbuch. His eclecticism becomes apparent in this text, in which Georgius' account is juxtaposed - but not synthesised - with material from other sources, often of lesser veracity and greater anti-Islamic bias. Franck's distortion of the Tractatus material to suit his own line of argument is clearly discernible: from the unique phenomenon presented in the Tractatus the Turks
become one more example of the general human tendency to externalise and dogmatise faith.
In addition, the transmission of Cronica and Türckei is examined, and the relationship between these two translations is clarified: Franck certainly used Türckei in writing his Cronica, but is unlikely to be the author of the anonymous work
Figures Don't Lie: Spatial Humanities and Technology as Critical Thinking Tools
No full textThis presentation demonstrates the potential use of spatial humanities as both a critical thinking exercise and a computational tool in digital humanities pedagogy. “Figures Don’t Lie” presents a map of the United States that labels each state as a foreign nation according to the correlation between the GDPs of each state and their assigned countries. The map may spark classroom discussions about a range of humanities topics. Revealing the map’s underlying data shows how facts can be spun and helps students understand how the “facts” presented in the media may not be what they appear.Presented at Rutgers University's "Digital Humanities Showcase: New Methods and New Media" on January 29, 2014 (New Brunswick, N.J.)
Calculating All That Jazz: Linking Technical Specifications to the Management of Digitization Projects
No full textThe purpose of this session is to educate librarians and archivists about the technical aspects of the digitization process and demonstrate how deeper understanding of those aspects can be used to evaluate the appropriateness of digitization standards, project scope, quality of digitization equipment and storage needs for digitization projects involving photographs and documents. Most scholarship on archival-quality digitization has focused on either elements of digital library project management or on technical specifications and how to digitize materials. "Calculating All That Jazz" focuses on presenting a formula for calculating digital storage space based on analog still images and documents, demonstrating how deeper understanding of the technical elements of digitization in the formula applies directly to crucial project management considerations
The workshop as the work: white anti-racism organising in 1960s, 70s, and 80s US social movements
No full textThis thesis explores the rise of anti-racism workshops developed by white activists in various United States social movements from the late 1960s through the mid-1980s. The shifting ideology of the black freedom movement in the late 1960s, from integration to Black Power, transformed white activists‘ place within racial justice struggles. While recent scholarship has begun to turn its attention towards whites‘ ongoing racial justice activities, one of the most radical and widespread of these efforts is consistently overlooked: anti-racism workshops. Increasingly prevalent from the late 1960s through to the diversity-trainings explosion of the 1990s, this thesis demonstrates that these workshops had their roots in the black freedom, women‘s liberation and gay liberation movements. White activists from these movements led these workshops in order to examine white racial domination and privilege within both leftist social movements and larger US society.
Analysing case studies from the black freedom, women‘s liberation and gay liberation/rights movements, this thesis explores the foundational assumptions of anti-racism workshops. It seeks to explain how and why these efforts sought to frame race and racism as issues of knowledge and consciousness and why such efforts constituted radical praxis. It is argued that early anti-racism workshops were pedagogical projects that sought to confront the racial ignorance that structured the lives of whites in the US, including progressives and their liberation movements. This thesis draws attention to the efficacy and power of these workshops in terms of their epistemological effects, in the transformations they brought about in whites‘ understanding, or awareness, of racial realities
[Review of] Presumed criminal: Black youth and the justice system in postwar New York, by Carl Suddler
No full textThe common law tradition and prescriptive philosophy of parens patriae is an underlying justification for juvenile justice systems in the United States. Under this framework, the sovereign is the “father figure” charged with caring for its subjects, which include accounting for poor, destitute, and otherwise guardian-less children. These paternalistic values are found both within and beyond juvenile justice contexts. Consistent with the early origins of institutional corrections in the United States, these rehabilitative and redemptionist frameworks were created by white people to account for the wayward or deviant souls of other white subjects. In Presumed Criminal – Black Youth and the Justice System in Postwar New York, Carl Suddler (2019) empirically documents how black youth in New York City were never subject to an ethos of care or rehabilitation that ostensibly dominated the foundational purpose of juvenile justice institutions. Instead, “black youths faced a more punitive justice system by the post-war era that restricted their social mobility and categorically branded them as criminal – a stigma they continue to endure” (p. 5). The text contributes to carceral studies by showing how black youth were historically criminalized in Harlem, and how the events in New York City can help us understand unresolved conflicts and contradictions in race, criminalization, and justice policy
Latino criminology: unfucking colonial frameworks in ‘Latinos and crime’ scholarship
No full textTo “unfuck” is to correct a situation, or yourself if necessary, and in a timely manner. There is an enduring need to audit and deconstruct the colonial features of criminological theory and criminal justice practices. To better understand these enduring colonial harms, this article offers a forward-looking prospectus on the merits of a Latino Criminology and highlights the shared historical and conceptual overlaps between critical criminology and Latino studies in studying state violence, interpersonal harms, and racialized social control. Compatible with both orthodox and progressive perspectives in criminology and criminal justice scholarship, an emergent and politically reflexive Latino Criminology centers the margins by articulating areas of intervention for scholars to improve criminological inquiry and depart – or unfuck ourselves – from the many settler colonial and white supremacist inheritances of our field.Peer reviewe
Minority-owned cannabis businesses as a social justice imperative
No full textWhen the growth, distribution, and point of sales for cannabis were explicitly illegal enterprises, black and brown bodies bore the brunt of the state’s coercive force via the enforcement of laws that had little to do with the objective properties of cannabis, and more to do with instrumentally moving targeted groups into formal spheres of oversight and control. Today, where the supply chain and consumption of cannabis is both an attractive and highly profitable enterprise, race, class, and power remain salient. The roster of those who profit from the legal cannabis industry is overwhelmingly unrepresentative of the rosters of those who were victimized by the earlier regulatory regimes. This irony has not gone unnoticed, with journalists, bloggers, business owners, and scholars pointing out how a plant that served as a pretext for disproportionate carceral control of communities of color is—quite literally overnight via the result of a ballot initiative or legislative reform—now responsible for advancing the capital interests of majority-white agents and enterprises. To provide additional social context to this empirical trend, this chapter highlights some of the proposed and actual steps currently underway to advance economic equity among communities of color in the cannabis industry, framing the expansion and success of minority-owned cannabis businesses as a social justice imperative.Peer reviewe
Espousing Ezili: Images of a Lwa, Reflections of the Haitian Woman
No full textThis article examines the iconography of the two main female divinities in Haitian Vodou, Ezili Danto and Ezili Freda, using common chromolithographs of each personality. Images of the Ezilis are analyzed in the context of visual culture to discern how iconography informs viewers about the political position of Haitian women of the past and present. To realize this goal, the author addresses some of the complex dynamics that shaped the lives of colonial Haitian women as well as the contemporary factors affecting women's lives today.This article was originally published in Journal of Haitian Studies, http://www.research.ucsb.edu/cbs/publications/johs/Peer reviewe
Cold Hardiness Data
No full textAuthor: Jaime Sebastian Azconaemail: [email protected]: Sebastián-Azcona J, Hamann A, Hacke U, Rweyongeza D (2018). Survival, growth and cold hardiness tradeoffs in white spruce populations: implications for assisted migration. Forest Ecology and ManagementFile descriptions: - "Sebastian-Azcona-2016-Cold-Hardiness-Data.csv" Raw data of cold hardiness measurements. - "Sebastian-Azcona-Climate-Provenances.csv" Provenance coordinates and climate data extracted from ClimateNA v5.21</div
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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