12 research outputs found
Interplay of species mixture, climate change, and management regimes on carbon stocks and sinks in a Mediterranean beech forest
No full textBeech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is the most widespread species in the Apennines, but at the same time it is susceptible to climatic stress. Forestry should strive to increase the adaptability of beech forests to climate variations, and thus maintain or improve the ecosystem services they provide. Here we analysed the role of forest management and climate on the potential of beech forests for climate change mitigation. In the Tuscan-Emilian Apennine National Park (PNATE), we compared five different management types (coppice, stored coppice, high forest, mix with broadleaves, mix with silver fir) in their ability to store carbon under different climate change scenarios and management intensities. We collected tree and stand data in 57 forest plots, estimated the current carbon stocks and sinks, assessed expected changes in the species distribution under climate change scenarios by environmental niche modelling, and projected the future growth of forests using the 3-PGmix forest growth model. Carbon sinks are higher in beech forests mixed with broadleaves than in pure beech coppice or stored coppice (+25 % and +40 %, respectively), suggesting a positive effect of mixtures on the forest's ability to mitigate climate change. Distribution models predict a significant reduction in the species' range at lower elevations in the near future, suggesting that PNATE could serve as a climate refugium within the Apennines. Growth simulations revealed that species complementarity (mix with broadleaf or fir) increases carbon stocks and sinks, as long as harvest stays at intermediate intensities. Beech in mix with fir showed higher average delta carbon stocks (as difference between carbon stocks at the beginning of the simulation and after 80 years; > 98–317 %) and carbon sink (> 38–330 %) compared to pure beech management under all climate scenarios. Climate change scenario SSP 1–2.6 results in an average increase of carbon stocks and sink across management and intensities, while SSP 3–7.0 implies a decrease for all treatments, except for the mix with silver fir that shows a remarkable increase. Active coppice is the management where biomass carbon sink is less sensitive to an increase of management intensity (-0.5 % and 7.8 %). Our findings underline the crucial role of beech forest management in locally optimising carbon uptake, underlying the positive effect of mix with fir and other broadleaves. We therefore recommend an informed and adaptive forest management approach that considers harvest intensity, species mixture, and ongoing climate change to effectively maintain resilient and functional forests through a mosaic of different forest management approaches
The community organization process in the development of the Montgomery neighborhood center, Rochester, New York 1913-1951
No full textThe Ursinus Weekly, November 20, 1922
No full textGroups convene in regular monthly sessions Tuesday • Faculty ladies speak on Honor and honors • Varsity eleven bows before overwhelming F. and M. force • Reverend George M. Smith, Sem. \u2706, to conduct evangelistic services • W. Harry Snyder selected for Rhodes competition • Shaffer \u2723, and Brocco, \u2725 elected to Weekly staff • Trackmen elect Markley manager • YM-YW social • Radio Club to be organized • Plays in Reading • Former student author of book on education • Reifsneider resigns • Student council dancehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/2364/thumbnail.jp
Hyperspectral and LiDAR space-borne data for assessing mountain forest volume and biomass
No full textAccurate assessment and monitoring of stand volume (SV) and above-ground biomass (AGB) in mixed mountain forests is crucial for sustainable forestry, ecosystem service assessment, and climate change mitigation. While airborne multi/hyper-spectral and LiDAR sensors have been proven effective for SV and AGB retrieval, the potential of spaceborne systems remains understudied. This study evaluates the capability of NASA's Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT) hyperspectral data, combined with canopy height metrics derived from the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) LiDAR data, to retrieve SV and AGB in two heterogeneous mountain forests in Italy. We compared EMIT with Sentinel-2 (S2) multispectral data as model inputs, with and without GEDI data integration, using five Machine Learning (ML) algorithms: Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR), Boosted Regression Trees (BRT), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR). We then applied the top-performing models to generate spatially explicit SV and AGB maps. Results demonstrated that EMIT-GEDI integration enhanced SV estimation accuracy (R2 = 0.75 RMSE = 75.48 m3 ha−1, GPR model) compared to S2-GEDI (R2 = 0.69 RMSE = 84.48 m3 ha−1, ANN model). AGB was retrieved with significantly lower accuracy than SV, and S2-GEDI models outperformed EMIT-GEDI ones, likely because of the higher S2 spatial resolution better capturing AGB variability associated to different tree species. GEDI LiDAR proved to be a necessary input for accurate SV and AGB retrieval, and GPR was the best-performing ML algorithm. The resulting spatial maps were artifact-free and successfully delineated ecological gradients and management patterns. This study underscores the promise of spaceborne hyperspectral-LiDAR data integration for SV and AGB mapping in mixed mountain forest ecosystems, However, it also emphasizes trade-offs between sensor spectral, spatial and temporal resolutions, thus the importance of upcoming hyperspectral missions, such as CHIME, combining hyperspectral capabilities with high spatial resolution and regular data acquisitions at global scale
Memórias e experiências de estudantes indígenas Kaingang na Região Oeste de Santa Catarina - Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul/Campus Chapecó/SC
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, Florianópolis, 2022.A presente tese se desenvolve com base na presença recente dos povos indígenas nas universidades federais brasileiras, por meio de lutas que se desdobraram na Lei de Cotas, mais especificamente com estudantes Kaingang acerca de suas memórias e experiências de ser e estar na Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul/Campus Chapecó, na Região Oeste de Santa Catarina. A perspectiva teórico-metodológica adotada é a decolonialidade, gestada no âmbito das produções dos grupos Modernidade/Colonialidade e Epistemologias do Sul, no entrecruzamento com a produção de conhecimentos histórico-educacional a partir do pensamento do filósofo Walter Benjamin. A tese considera que as universidades as quais chegam estudantes indígenas carregam heranças coloniais, portanto, acessam uma universidade inscrita nas colonialidades do poder, do saber e do ser, onde o acesso via Lei de Cotas não garante a superação das desigualdades sociais e raciais, por outro lado, o gradativo aumento e o protagonismo de estudantes indígenas nas universidades federais abre brechas decoloniais e interculturais, forçando a universidade a rever suas estruturas e práticas. Também considero que (re)conhecer as presenças, identidades, memórias, histórias, experiências, saberes e culturas de estudantes indígenas no ensino superior potencializa o acesso e a permanência dos povos indígenas na universidade, bem como as relações étnico-raciais positivas, a valorização e o respeito intercultural, e consequentemente, o enfraquecimento gradual de práticas discriminatórias, preconceituosas e racistas. Para tanto, no caminho metodológico, a parte principal da tese é as narrativas orais de estudantes Kaingang de diferentes idades e sexos, cursos e fases da graduação, sobre suas memórias e experiências na UFFS, que foram construídas por meio de entrevistas compreensivas e transformadas em mônadas, centelhas de sentido que tornam as narrativas experienciáveis. Além do diálogo com a produção do campo, da pesquisa documental a respeito das políticas públicas sobre educação superior indígena, e dos dados quantitativos sobre estudantes indígenas na UFFS. Em relação à estrutura do trabalho, no capítulo introdutório, abordo os textos e contextos da construção teórico-metodológica da pesquisa. No segundo capítulo apresento a pesquisadora e as/os estudantes coautoras/es, além de abordar as histórias e os contextos de origem dessas/es estudantes provenientes de Terras Indígenas das Regiões Oeste de Santa Catarina e Norte do Rio Grande do Sul. No terceiro e no quarto capítulos dialogo com as mônadas produzidas por meio das memórias narradas e (re)elaboradas, numa relação horizontal com as/os estudantes, compreendidos como coautoras/es, com narração, legitimidade e lugar de fala da experiência de estar-sendo estudante indígena na universidade. As mônadas anunciam e denunciam memórias e experiências sobre a presença indígena na UFFS, desde o acesso ao ensino superior, os significados e sentidos individuais e coletivos da educação superior, seus sonhos, expectativas, as lutas para permanecer, como as relações étnico-raciais, as dificuldades materiais, o apoio da família, da comunidade e do Programa de Acesso e Permanência da UFFS, e as (de)colonialidades da universidade no diálogo com estudantes indígenas. O percurso teórico-metodológico mostrou que a presença dessas/es estudantes, com suas demandas por educação, tratamento digno, conteúdos e metodologias, abrem brechas para que se construa uma perspectiva mais decolonial e intercultural na universidade, que precisa ampliar o diálogo com os povos indígenas, para um processo de democratização mais amplo do ensino superior brasileiro.Abstract: The present thesis is developed based on the recent presence of indigenous peoples in Brazilian federal universities, through struggles that unfolded in the Quota Law, more specifically with Kaingang students about their memories and experiences of being at the Federal University of Fronteira Sul/Chapecó Campus, in the West Region of Santa Catarina. The theoretical-methodological perspective adopted is decoloniality, created within the scope of the productions of the groups Modernity/Coloniality and Epistemologies of the South, in the intersection with the production of historical-educational knowledge from the thinking of the philosopher Walter Benjamin. The thesis considers that the universities to which indigenous students arrive carry colonial heritages, therefore, they access a university inscribed in the colonialities of power, knowledge and being, where access via the Quota Law does not guarantee the overcoming of social and racial inequalities, for the other hand, the gradual increase and protagonism of indigenous students in federal universities opens decolonial and intercultural gaps, forcing the university to review its structures and practices. I also consider that (re)knowing the presence, identities, memories, histories, experiences, knowledge and cultures of indigenous students in higher education potentialize the access and permanence of indigenous peoples in the university, as well as positive ethnic-racial relations, the appreciation and intercultural respect, and consequently, the gradual weakening of discriminatory, prejudiced and racist practices. Therefore, in the methodological way, the main part of the thesis is the oral narratives of Kaingang students of different ages and sexes, courses and graduation stages, about their memories and experiences at UFFS, which were built through comprehensive interviews and transformed into monads, sparks of meaning that make narratives experienceable. In addition to dialogue with field production, documentary research on public policies on indigenous higher education, and quantitative data on indigenous students at UFFS. Regarding the structure of the work, in the introductory chapter, I discuss the texts and contexts of the theoretical-methodological construction of the research. In the second chapter, I present the researcher and the co-author students, in addition to addressing the stories and contexts of origin of these students from Indigenous Lands in the West of Santa Catarina and North of Rio Grande do Sul. In the third and fourth chapters I dialogue with the monads produced through narrated and (re)elaborated memories, in a horizontal relationship with the students, understood as co-authors, with narration, legitimacy and place of speech of the experience of being an indigenous student at the university. The monads announce and denounce memories and experiences about the indigenous presence at UFFS, from access to higher education, the individual and collective meanings of higher education, their dreams, expectations, the struggles to remain, such as ethnic-racial relations, the material difficulties, the support of the family, the community and the UFFS Access and Permanence Program, and the (de)colonialities of the university in the dialogue with indigenous students. The theoretical-methodological path showed that the presence of these students, with their demands for education, dignified treatment, content and methodologies, open gaps for the construction of a more decolonial and intercultural perspective at the university, which needs to expand the dialogue with the indigenous peoples, for a broader democratization process in Brazilian higher education
End-stage renal disease and survival in people with diabetes : a national database linkage study
No full text© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of Physicians. Funding This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust through the Scottish Health Informatics Programme (SHIP). The SHIP is collaboration between the Universities of Aberdeen, Dundee, Edinburgh, Glasgow and St Andrews and the Information Services Division of National Health Service National Service Scotland. Funding for diabetes register linkage and data extraction was provided by the Chief Scientist’s Office of the Scottish Government. The Scottish Diabetes Research Network receives financial support from National Health Services Research Scotland. The Scottish Renal Registry is funded by the Information Services Division of National Health Service National Services Scotland but relies heavily on the goodwill of the contributing renal units who spent a large amount time working with Scottish Renal Registry staff to ensure that the data held within the register are accurate and complete.Peer reviewe
Decarbonization through wood-based building material substitution in mountain territories
No full textForests are vital for mountain regions, offering both ecological and economic benefits. Using timber in construction can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by replacing high-emission materials like concrete and steel, though the long-term impact of this substitution – especially amid broader economic decarbonization – remains uncertain. We analyzed how replacing mineral-framed with locally sourced timber-framed homes in Valle Camonica and Valtellina (Italian Alps) could impact emissions between 2025 and 2050, assuming sustainable forest management and harvest practices. We integrated data from satellite imagery, local forest management plans, and life-cycle assessments relative to (i) the buildings that will be constructed in the study area (ii) the potential of timber produced by forests in the study area. In calculating avoided emissions, we included the expected decarbonization pathways of industrial production up to 2050, revealing that timber substitution is most effective in the short term. In case of decarbonization, the avoided emissions related to mineral-timber substitution will decrease from 121 to 15.6 kg CO2eq m−2. In the study area, this will be associated with 25.4∙106 kg of CO2eq avoided, while the sustainable production from forests available for wood supply in the study area would result in 7∙108 kg of avoided CO2eq. This study demonstrates that the mitigation potential of timber declines as mineral material production becomes cleaner, but also that timber-framed houses offer an effective solution to reduce emissions during the construction phase. This study provides the first quantification of these time-sensitive trade-offs for Alpine forests, underscoring their role in supporting low-carbon construction during the transition
The average capacitor current method for delay calculation in MOS circuits
No full textThe transient response of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) gates is a topic covered in most textbooks on digital integrated circuits and very-large-scale-integration (VLSI) design. One method often used to calculate first-order estimates of gate delays is the average capacitor current method. Using this method, the delay is calculated assuming that the capacitor current is constant and equal to the average of the capacitor current values at the limits of the time interval of interest. In this paper, this method is discussed and compared with other methods of delay calculation using integration and curve-fitting techniques familiar to electrical and computer engineering students. Since the computation of the capacitor current is relatively complicated because it requires the calculation of the MOS transistor currents, for propagation delay calculation there is no benefit in calculating the capacitor current twice. A single current calculation, corresponding to the familiar midpoint integration method, is sufficient to get the same or better accuracy as that of the average capacitor current method. The two-point Gauss quadrature formula is shown to provide excellent results with two capacitor current evaluations. © 2004 IEEE.Bisdounis L, 1998, IEEE J SOLID-ST CIRC, V33, P302, DOI 10.1109-4.658636; BROCCO LM, 1988, IEEE T COMPUT AID D, V7, P1237, DOI 10.1109-43.16802; BURNS JR, 1964, RCA REV, V25, P627; Conte S. D., 1980, ELEMENTARY NUMERICAL; Daga JM, 1999, IEEE J SOLID-ST CIRC, V34, P42, DOI 10.1109-4.736655; FABRICIUS ED, 1990, INTRO VLSI DESIGN; HEATH M., 1997, SCI COMPUTING INTRO; HEDENSTIERNA N, 1987, IEEE T COMPUT AID D, V6, P270, DOI 10.1109-TCAD.1987.1270271; Hodges D. A., 1988, ANAL DESIGN DIGITAL; HOWE RT, MICROELECTRONICS INT; Kang S., 1999, CMOS DIGITAL INTEGRA; KAYSSI AI, 1992, IEEE T CIRCUITS-I, V39, P42, DOI 10.1109-81.109241; Rabaey J., 1996, DIGITAL INTEGRATED C; Sedra A.S., 1998, MICROELECTRONIC CIRC; Spencer R., 2003, INTRO ELECT CIRCUIT; Tuinenga P. W., 1995, SPICE GUIDE CIRCUIT11
Erratum to: Portal vein thrombosis relevance on liver cirrhosis: Italian Venous Thrombotic Events Registry (Intern Emerg Med, 10.1007/s11739-016-1416-8)
No full textIn the original publication, the second author name was incorrectly published as Roberto Gino Corazza. The correct name should read as “Gino Roberto Corazza”. Also, the PRO-LIVER Study Collaborator, Dr. Gabriella Carnevale Maffè has not been included in the Appendix by mistake. The name of Dr. Carnevale Maffe` should read in the Appendix as follows: Bergamaschi Gaetano, Carnevale Maffè Gabriella, Masotti Michela, Costanzo Filippo (I° Clinica Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Italy)
First locking of the VIRGO central area interferometer with suspension hierarchical control
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Abstract
PACS
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. The Virgo central area interferometer
3. Hierarchical control implementation
4. Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Figures (8)
Fig. 1. Scheme of the CITF operated in the Michelson configuration
Fig. 2. Scheme of the Virgo Superattenuator chain: in the CITF the feedback is exerted...
Fig. 3. Block diagram of the control loop of the IP, comprising the top-stage feedback...
Fig. 4. Open loop transfer functions of the feedback to the top-stage of the Inverted...
Fig. 5. Sensitivity curve during a 72 h continuous run with feedback to the top-stage...
Fig. 6. Effect of the feedback to the top-stage of the Inverted Pendulum on the WM...
Elsevier
Astroparticle Physics
Volume 20, Issue 6, March 2004, Pages 629-640
Astroparticle Physics
First locking of the Virgo central area interferometer with suspension hierarchical control
Author links open overlay panelVirgo CollaborationFAcerneseaPAmicobNArnaudcDBabuscidRBarilléeFBaroneaLBarsottifMBarsugliacFBeauvillegM.ABizouardcCBoccarahFBonduiLBosibCBradaschiafLBraccijSBraccinifABrilleti...MYvertg
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Abstract
Operation of the central portion of Virgo as a simple 6 m Michelson interferometer has given the first demonstration of the possibility to control an interferometer suspended from Virgo full scale multistage seismic attenuators using information derived from the interferometer locking signal. A special role in the control is played by the first stage of these suspensions, an inverted pendulum: besides its seismic preisolation action, this stage has positioning dynamics of several mm, and it allows to exert a very low frequency control at the upper level of the suspension using the interferometer fringe signal. The application of this feedback to the top-stage of the suspension allows corrections of drifts, such as tidal ones, at a stage of the suspension where a large dynamic range in displacements is available, without introducing noise at the level of the mirror, resulting in a significant reduction of the lock keeping force applied directly on the mirror at the lowest stage of the attenuator
