1,721,020 research outputs found
Studio idrobiologico di un bacino idrico destinato ad uso potabile sull'Appennino centrale (Italia).
No full textNon present
La ricerca nella valutazione dell'impatto sulla salute dei disastri naturali
No full textIl Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED) evidenzia come da un evento sismico possano scaturire problemi di salute che persistono anche dopo la conclusione dell’emergenza.
Nel corso degli anni la ricerca ha soprattutto indagato in merito all’impatto sulla sfera psichica delle popolazioni colpite e meno sulla morbilità legata ai terremoti. La prevalenza della sindrome post-traumatica da stress (PTSD), ad un anno dalla fine del terremoto, è del 30-40% tra i soggetti esposti, del 10-20% tra i soccorritori e del 5-10% nella popolazione generale. Oltre al PTSD, le categorie diagnostiche più frequentemente rilevate sono depressione, disturbi d’ansia, disturbi correlati all’uso di sostanze. Cambiamenti negli stili di vita, quali bere, fumare, ridurre l’attività fisica, modificare le abitudini alimentari, sono stati rilevati soprattutto nelle persone dislocate in altre sedi dopo la catastrofe, con conseguente aumento di mortalità per infarto miocardico e stroke. In Giappone, dopo il terremoto del 2011, un cambiamento delle abitudini alimentari ha determinato un incremento dell’obesità nei bambini e del BMI nella popolazione, attribuibile al temporary housing rispetto al permanent housing. Tale risultato è simile a quanto osservato a L’Aquila e in Emilia Romagna a seguito anche della riduzione dell’attività fisica. Una tematica molto importante da affrontate riguarda gli effetti sulla salute delle scelte adottate in fase di emergenza. In occasione del terremoto Marche-Umbria del 1997 le persone sono rimaste nei luoghi di origine, prima in tende e poi in containers, riportando un livello di traumatismo medio-leggero; a L’Aquila le persone sono state ospitate nelle tendopoli e poi nelle New towns, facendo registrare un’elevata prevalenza di disordini mentali; nel terremoto 2016 la strategia è stato il dislocamento in alberghi sulla costa, i cui effetti futuri sono oggi oggetto di studio, stimolando l’interesse dei ricercatori ad effettuare un follow-up sulla popolazione già studiata dopo gli eventi del 1997. L’indagine epidemiologica è fondamentale per approfondire le problematiche legate alla salute provocate da catastrofi. E ’importante formare personale specializzato in maniera coordinata, che raccolga e analizzi dati a beneficio della sorveglianza epidemiologica dell’emergenza. Tale approccio migliorerebbe la qualità della risposta in fase di emergenza da parte delle strutture preposte a tale compito. Tutto ciò dovrebbe essere istituzionalizzato da Linee Guida Nazionali poi adottate uniformemente dalle regioni. Il rafforzamento dell’Epidemiologia dell’emergenza fornirebbe i fondamenti utili alla diffusione di un approccio di prevenzione pre-emergenza e non più, soltanto, di gestione dell’emergenza
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Protection of the environment, protection of health. Note 2--Monitoring of flood environments: comparison of the results of the different methods and hygienic evaluations
No full textThe authors take into consideration the results obtained from the application of the different methods and systems of river monitoring (E.B.I, Law 152/99, I.F.F), and they evaluate the agreement of the final judgment. The comparative analysis is conducted pointing out the conceptual and methodological differences of the three systems of the river monitoring. A good agreement of judgement arises from the correlation
Qualità biologica dei corsi d'acqua dell'Appennino centrale monitorati tramite l'indice diatomico integrato di eutrofizzazione/polluzione (EPI-D) e l'indice biotico esteso (IBE).
No full textDisagio giovanile e nuove droghe, conoscenze e consumi in studenti di scuole medie superiori.
No full textE' stata effettuata l'indagine allo scopo di valutare nei giovani di scuola media superiore sia le conoscenze sulle sostanze psicotrope che le motivazioni al consumo. Sono stati distribuiti 7588 questionari e resituiti debitamente compilati 4118. Il 66.2& degli intervistati dichiara che nell'ambiente da esse frequantato ci sono persone che utilizzano droghe il 29,9% dei ragazzi ammette di aver provato ad assumere droghe
Oral health in Alzheimer's disease: a review.
No full textThe main data on oral health and dental pathologies affecting Alzheimer's disease ( AD) patients were reviewed. Oral health declines and dental pathologies increase with progression of AD. Poor oral hygiene, difficulty in wearing dentures, and the inability to self-care, including carrying out oral hygiene procedures are the most probable cause of impaired oral health in AD. Collection of information on oral/dental conditions from AD patients or their caregivers/relatives is often difficult and scientific literature on the topic is sparse. The majority of data on the subject consist in retrospective studies affected to some extent by subjective views of dental professionals involved. Appropriate dental interventions in adult-onset dementia disorders will decrease pain and oral pathology and consequently could contribute to maintain enough oral and nutritional health in these patients. Dental treatment in early stages of the disease are important and should be finalized at producing a stable oral condition. This could improve the quality of life and contribute to decrease worsening of oral situations in the later stages of the disease when dental treatment may be difficult. The problem of awareness of good oral health for keeping quality of life more acceptable in adult-onset dementia disorders is discussed
Diabetes care in Camerino hospital after the central Italy earthquake
No full textIntroduction
Between August 2016 and October 2016, a series of earthquakes hit Central Italy causing important damages and over 11.000 people evacuees. Previous reports have shown that, after natural disasters, glycemic control of diabetic patients deteriorates. After a disaster, in absence of guidelines, there could be an access to medical facilities, medications limited, leading to a worsening of diabetes and its comorbidities. With our study, based on 73 diabetic patients followed between 2016 and 2018, we wanted to evaluate how they, after a training by the Diabetes Centre of Camerino Hospital, responded to these events, and how their condition was affected.
Methods
We analyzed the glycosylated hemoglobin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol parameters before the earthquake, after 3-6 months and after two years. Being the diabetic therapy an important factor influencing our results, we decided to analyze how each patient’s therapy changed during the study period, if it was modified in any way (increase/decrease of the dose) or if it remained the same.
Results
Many of 73 diabetic patients had to evacuate their houses because of the damages and find another accommodation (hotels and camping along the coast). The 75% are males and the remaining 25% females, 11% of them are aged between 38 and 59, 58% are aged between 60 and 79 and 28% are aged between 80 and 92. Even if a significant statistical association with the paired Student’s t-test (at P < 0.05) has not be showed for all parameters before and after earthquake, the 45% of patients had their therapy changed with an increase in the dose, the 44% had their therapy unvaried and the 11% had their therapy changed with a decrease of the dose.
Conclusions
Considering all the results, we can see that there is maintenance of the values. Observing that also the Glycosylated Hemoglobin is not worsened in a group of diabetic patients following a life-changing event such as a serious earthquake, means that they were followed and treated with alacrity and professionalism by the hospital. We know that diet and physical exercise are fundamental for diabetes, but the therapy is, of course, the most important support for these patients.
Given the results of our study, and in collaboration with the Hospital of Camerino, we tried to elaborate a guideline on how to support and instruct diabetic patients in these delicate and difficult situations, to avoid a degeneration of their state
Virtual Assistants for Energy Efficiency: Real World Tryouts
No full textThe negative effects of climate change are calling for new approaches to promote energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy sources at multiple scale levels. As virtual assistants are becoming a common household item, recent studies have looked at integrating IoT and virtual assistants for energy management purposes. Despite the prominence of these works, a critical gap in the current body of research is the almost absence of real-world implementations covering different sectors of society. To address this gap, we developed the PowerShare Virtual Assistant (VA), a voice-based eco-feedback system. The paper presents results from the real-world deployment of the PowerShare VA in three distinct sectors - 1) residential, 2) commerce, and 3) industry. By looking at the human response to our system in different daily life scenarios, we aim to contribute to future research on using VA in the context of energy efficiency
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