1,720,961 research outputs found
Design and implementation of an educational role-play activity about a bioeconomy scenario
No full textBioeconomy is gaining interest among researchers and economic operators all over Europe, but the knowledge of the topic among young people is still partial, particularly for secondary school students, as emerged from a survey in collaboration with Bioregions Facility. A novel 2-hour activity has been designed and proposed to eight secondary school classes in Italy. The principles that guided the designing phase were based on the European Sustainability Competence Framework GreenComp. A first hour of lecture give the basis to perform a role-play in the second phase, which focuses on a simulation of a group work announced to vote for the implementation of a new biogas plant in a touristic zone. The students were asked to personify the different stakeholders and their particular interests until the final voting. The activity aimed to foster competence into critical thinking, systemic thinking, and collective actions needed to achieve an effective change towards sustainability
The C2Land Project: a soil improver obtained by HTC of the OFMSW digestate
No full textLa carbonizzazione idrotermica (HTC) è una tecnologia di trasformazione termochimica delle
biomasse che può essere applicata al trattamento del digestato ottenuto a valle della digestione
anaerobica della frazione organica dei rifiuti solidi urbani per ridurne volumi e migliorarne le
proprietà. Il prodotto ottenuto, l’hydrochar, può essere impiegato come ammendante, anche se è
stata dimostrata una potenziale fitotossicità, che il processo di compostaggio potrebbe contribuire
a ridurre. I dati qui presentati sono stati ottenuti nell’ambito delle attività sperimentali del progetto C2LAND finanziato da EIT-Climate KIC (Call 2019).Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) is an emerging technology that can be applied to produce
hydrochar from OFMSW digestate. Now, there are few works on this HTC application and
the literature have a lack of knowledge about the suitability of wet HC use as amendment.
The phytotoxicity of HC would be reduced by composting process for obtaining a better quality
amendment. The C2LAND project, funded by EIT-Climate KIC (Call 2019), aim to study new
industrial scaling model to produce a valuable co-compost from OFMSW digestate and a portion
of its HC
Anaerobic co-digestion of agri-industrial residues in livestock manure management for circular bioeconomy enhancement in alpine territories
No full textThe alpine regions are inclined to tourism and livestock farming but their territory shows some peculiarities, such as sloped fields and roads, remote small-scale agri-food farms with a heterogeneous distribution, and site-specific industrial companies with seasonal residues. In some cases, agri-food residues are sent outside the region or disposed of as wastes, even if they contain a high amount of nutrients that could be reintegrated into agriculture (mainly through co-digestion). The main aim of this study is to put the basis for a mountain-district management model for energy and nutrient exploitation of the organic residue streams deriving from farming and the agri-food sector, thus proposing solutions for local bioeconomy business models at the district level, with new biobased alternatives to replace the conventional synthetic fertilizers. Firstly, an inventory of local organic waste characterization of Trentino region (Italy) was realized, reporting for each stream its quantity, localization, typology, seasonality, actual destination, biomethane potential (BMP), and nutrient content when available from literature (N, P, K). The implementation of the organic waste inventory allowed an estimation of maximum biomethane potential of about 21.1·106 Nm3 CH4/year (of which 17.5·106 from livestock manure, 2.2·106 from non-seasonal agri-food residues, and 1.3·106 from seasonal agri-food residues). Moreover, as regards nutrient availability (N and P), selected local agri-food residues (MIX: fruit processing residues, brewery spent grains, exhausted grape marc, and bread residues) could provide a theoretical stock of 208 and 41 tons/year for total nitrogen and total phosphorus, respectively. The integration of these quantities in the circular bioeconomy has the potential for fossil fertilizer substitution and local sustainable recycling of nutrients of, respectively, 12.4%N (over 1678 tonsN/year) and 14.1%P (over 290 tonsP/year) of the total nutrient content in the fertilizers distributed in Trentino (ISTAT, 2022). Secondly, the experimental activity focused on the integration of agri-industrial residues with livestock slurry in anaerobic digestion (AD). The batch tests on their biomethane potential (BMP) were analysed to assess the synergistic effect of different substrates in co-digestion (as in Li et al., 2018), sometimes even negative (from -13% to +30% concerning the weighted sum of a single BMP). The MIX was also analysed. The MIX was tested in a semi-continuous anaerobic test with cow slurry manure in the ratio of 30:70 w/w, respectively, as it is admitted in anaerobic digesters located in agricultural lands. There is a significant increase in biogas production in co-digestion tests but, together with the increase in specific methane potential, there is a higher increase in specific carbon dioxide potential. Thus, innovative techniques to enhance the methanogenic activity and/or carbon capture and utilization (CCU) techniques are advocated in future evaluations to improve the carbon footprint of the whole processing chain
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
BMP test to monitor seasonal efficiency of dry anaerobic digestion plant
No full textThe lack of specific monitoring tools is a hurdle for dry anaerobic digestion plant performance studies. The work aims to suggest a solid-state BMP protocol to monitor the full-scale dry anaerobic digestion process of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Physicochemical analyses, biomethane potential, and biodegradability data of different seasonal mixes fed in the reactor are provided. The data collected showed the effectiveness of the dry BMP test to analyse the process efficiency and to estimate the potential methane production of the biowaste. The process efficiency (expressed as % of methane production) was estimated combining the experimental data (BMP) and the plant parameters (organic loading rate and specific methane production) in four different seasons (Autumn, Winter, Spring, and Summer). The methane production (MP) of the plant ranged from 70 to 90 % of the potential biomethane production measured at lab scale. From the data collected, the seasonal differences were due to input biowaste (organic fraction of municipal solid waste and lignocellulosic materials used as bulking agent in dry AD) and their biodegradability, which results in different volatile solids removal in industrial reactor. The approach provided may be useful to better manage the process in a dry anaerobic digestion full-scale plant
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Amendment production from composting wet hydrochar obtained by HTC of digestate from dry anaerobic digestion of OFMSW
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