1,720,963 research outputs found
Using motivational interviewing in veterinarian-farmer communication: towards improved uptake of veterinary advice
No full textIn the UK dairy industry, lameness and mastitis are endemic diseases. Research indicates that a third of the UK dairy herd are lame at any given time (Barker and others 2010), while, on average, 46 cows per 100 suffer from clinical mastitis each year (Bradley and others 2007). These figures reflect a less than ideal existence for the dairy cow and a huge financial burden for farmers, with average annual costs per farm of £12,000 and £15,000 mastitis and lameness respectively (Dairyco 2015). Despite significant advances in research and identification of key risk factors and management strategies implicit in these disease processes, implementation of changes on-farm still appear to be inadequate (Whay and Main 2010). Motivating farmers to enact management changes is increasingly the role of the herd veterinarian, whose training and advising of farmers places them at the forefront of knowledge dissemination (FAWC 2011). Whilst veterinarians recognise their influence and the need to be proactive advisors, acting upon this awareness and improving the uptake of recommendations in daily practice is a challenge (Jansen and others 2010a). Two critical barriers to this process can be identified. First, farmer behaviour in controlling lameness and mastitis is complex; ambivalence towards facing these problems is common as a result of practical and psychological considerations. Second, clear communication between veterinarians and farmers is crucial to invoke change, yet research suggests that the skills of veterinarians in this area are limited. In domestic consults, veterinarians rely predominantly on closed questions in data gathering, rarely employ empathetic statements in relationship building and rarely encourage client participation in consultations (McArthur and Fitzgerald 2013, Shaw and others 2004). Communication research within the dairy context is scarce, however Jansen and others (2010b) recorded herd health consults between Dutch cattle veterinarians and farmers (n= 17, mean duration 96 minutes) and found a heavy reliance on closed questions, minimal solicitation of farmer opinion and veterinarian dominance in agenda setting, as suggested by the domestic literature (McArthur and Fitzgerald 2013, Shaw and others 2004). This directive style actually serves to elicit arguments from farmers that favour continuation of existing behaviours instead of supporting change, ensuring that ambivalence prevails and advisory recommendations remain unheeded.In the medical realm, practitioners similarly report issues of ambivalence and communication impeding progress in helping people make positive health choices. To face these challenges, medics are increasingly employing an evidence-based communication methodology called Motivational Interviewing (MI) (Miller and Rollnick 2013). MI specifically explores and resolves ambivalence to influence the motivational processes that facilitate change. Empirical studies indicate that MI communication outperforms traditional advice-giving in the treatment of a broad range of behavioural problems and diseases, improving client behavioural and medical outcomes (Lundhal and others 2013, Rubak and others 2005). Where ambivalence and clinical communication are acute stumbling blocks for the implementation of positive change in lameness and mastitis management, equipping veterinarians with MI communication skills could facilitate meaningful improvements in how farmers perceive and manage these diseases. In light of this, unique research will be reported here that is the first to investigate the applicability of MI to the veterinary realm, focussing on cattle veterinarian’s communication with farmers. This project aims to provide a detailed picture of the current advisory and communication strategies employed by UK cattle veterinarians on herd health, especially in relation to lameness and mastitis. Preliminary investigations into this topic are made with a mixed-method methodology that discusses both quantitative and qualitative data collected from veterinarian-farmer communication. First, the language employed in lameness and mastitis consults in role play sessions (n=15, mean duration 11.2 minutes) between cattle veterinarians and an actor (experienced in medical and veterinary education) are quantitatively analysed. Findings from this study are then critically examined through insights from a second study that qualitatively analysed veterinarian-farmer communication during routine consults at UK dairy farms (n=12). This second study involved face-to-face, in-depth interviews with the farmer and the veterinarian, separately, about how they experienced recent communication encounters with one another. The results of this second study offer insight into the practical reality of communicating about disease during day-to-day practices that can help explain the findings of the first quantitative study. Together these two studies reveal new critical insight into what is the nature of, and what influences, veterinary communication with farmers. To conclude the discussion, the potential for MI to be harnessed as a communication methodology by the veterinary profession is appraised, supported by these preliminary data. This use of MI in the veterinary realm is a novel and as yet unexplored application. It should be of interest to all those in the profession tackling the most critical of challenges: translating veterinary knowledge into meaningful change on-farm.<br/
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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