1,721,075 research outputs found
Rarebit perimetry and frequency doubling technology in subjects with ocular hypertension
No full textAn update on recent developments in the search for hepatitis C virus therapies with pan-genotypic efficacy
No full textMonoclonal antibodies against Clostridium difficile infection in the pipeline
No full textThe increasing incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is becoming a major issue in public health. The identification of new therapeutic options able to control severe cases and reduce the risk of recurrence is a research priority. Toxins A (TcdA) and B (TcdB) and host immune response are the major determinants of CDI pathogenesis and may be a possible target for new therapies. The aim of this review was to critically describe the evidence available on the effect of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) on CDI, putting them into clinical context and highlighting possible advantages and barriers to their use. Experimental animal studies revealed the potential of MAbs to protect against CDI progression and recurrence, especially when a combination of anti-TcdA and anti-TcdB is used. Only one clinical trial confirmed that this combined approach is well tolerated and effective in controlling CDI recurrences in at-risk subjects with refractory CDI. Other clinical trials are currently ongoing and explore alternative molecules. Toxin-targeted MAbs are one of the most promising approaches and at-risk subjects and those experiencing recurrence are the ideal targets for this second-line treatment. However, CDI epidemiology is rapidly changing and MAbs may also represent a powerful option for other patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A 14-year follow-up of photorefractive keratectomy
No full textPurpose: To evaluate the long-term outcome of myopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).
Methods: This prospective study included 31 patients (49 eyes) who underwent PRK between 1991 and 1993. A Summit UV200 excimer laser was used. Patients were divided into two groups--low myopia: preoperative < 6.00 diopters (D) (range: -1.50 to -5.75 D) (n = 19); and high myopia: preoperative > 6.00 D (range: -6.00 to -13.00 D) (n = 12). Long-term postoperative follow-up was every 2 years up to 14 years. Refraction, visual acuity, corneal status, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were evaluated. At 14 years, corneal topography and endothelial cell count were performed.
Results: At last follow-up, manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) for the low myopia group was -0.17 +/- 0.8, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) logMAR was -0.06 +/- 0.55, and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) logMAR was 0.00 +/- 1.00. The high myopia group had a final MRSE of -0.67 +/- 1.4, UCVA logMAR -0.11 +/- 0.55, and BSCVA logMAR -0.03 +/- 1.00. At 14 years, BSCVA for most eyes was at least equal to preoperative BSCVA. In both groups, haze increased between 3 and 6 months, then declined in the first year. A temporary increase of IOP was seen in 4 eyes. Complications were minor haze (2 eyes), transient anisocoria (9 eyes), and intraepithelial hemosiderin deposits (4 eyes). No abnormalities in endothelial cell count or morphology, astigmatism, or ectasia were noted. Three patients reported night vision disturbance, but the majority of patients were satisfied with the outcome based on subjective questionnaire (low myopia group: 84%; high myopia group: 75%).
Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the safety of myopic PRK
Interobserver and interdevice agreement for the assessment of anterior chamber angle potography with an automated gonioscope.
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