3,001 research outputs found
Are privacy fears associated with Intelligent Transport Systems justified?
No full textThe creation of wide-area, real-time monitoring systems for the road network has the potential to achieve a step change in both our understanding of the evolution of congestion and forecasting/information to minimise its economic consequences. While such comprehensive monitoring systems will provide unprecedented levels of information about the network as a whole, however, they also potentially provide substantial information about individual vehicles and individual travellers. There are therefore concerns within the general public that the potential privacy invasions resulting from this increased monitoring will create a ‘Big Brother’ or panopticon state. This paper examines whether these fears are justified. While it is shown that people’s views on privacy are very heterogeneous (varying from completely unconcerned, to concerned to the point of paranoia), drawing on research conducted into both general privacy and the privacy concerns associated with ecommerce, it is identified that the most appropriate definition of a privacy impact is where the increased monitoring associated with intelligent transport systems (ITS) restricts the perceived freedom of travel that an individual currently experiences.This paper therefore considers how the privacy concerns associated with ITS fall into six distinct areas: the volume and type of data collected; errors in the data collected; unauthorised secondary uses of the data collected; inappropriate use of the data collected; a lack of awareness about what the data will be used for; and a lack of control over who can gain access to the data. By identifying the relative importance of these concerns and their applicability to ITS monitoring, this paper considers whether there is evidence that privacy concerns actually impact people’s behaviour or, through contrasts with the potential benefits of increased monitoring, whether there exists a level at which individuals are willing to trade their personal data for an individual, (or potentially even a societal), benefit. <br/
Montessori’s fears and fears within Montessor
No full textArtykuł podejmuje analizę lęku w kontekście pedagogii Montessori, poprzez zbadanie zarówno pism Marii Montessori, jak i narracji współczesnych praktyków i praktyczek tego podejścia. Autor wyróżnia dwie perspektywy: „lęki Montessori” wyrażane przez samą autorkę tej pedagogii oraz „lęki w Montessori” pojawiające się w doświadczeniach nauczycieli i nauczycielek. Montessori koncentruje się na obawach związanych z negatywnym wpływem dorosłych na dzieci i podkreśla potrzebę ochrony dzieciństwa przed zniekształceniami wynikającymi z tradycyjnych praktyk edukacyjnych. Współcześni nauczyciele i nauczycielki wskazują na lęki wobec dzieci, rodziców oraz wyzwań organizacyjnych. Analizy ujawniają różnice między założeniami Montessori a ich współczesną interpretacją. Wyniki badań stanowią punkt wyjścia do refleksji nad możliwościami reinterpretowania pedagogii Montessori.The article explores the concept of fear within the context of Montessori pedagogy, examining both Maria Montessori’s writings and the narratives of contemporary practitioners of the approach. The author distinguishes between two perspectives: “Montessori’s fears,” as articulated by the creator of this pedagogy, and “fears within Montessori,” as they emerge in the experiences of teachers. Montessori focuses on concerns about the adverse impact of adults on children, emphasizing the need to protect childhood from distortions caused by traditional educational practices. Contemporary teachers, in contrast, highlight fears related to children, parents, and organizational challenges. The analyses reveal disparities between Montessori’s original assumptions and their contemporary interpretations. The findings serve as a starting point for reflecting on the potential for reinterpreting Montessori pedagogy
Primal Fears, Primal Ambitions
No full textThe article is based on a lecture at RMIT University in November 2004. ‘In Australia today’, the author says, ‘security has acquired a prominence in public policy debate that is unprecedented in most of our adult lifetimes.’ (p. 32) This debate draws on ‘primal fears’ and is thus less rational and orderly.
Primal fears have dominated since 9/11 in the United States with personalised responses due to a fear of attack on one’s self and family, an exaggeration of the threat, militarised responses to a greater degree than was rational (war on terror, alliances) and moral tone (a battle against evil, attacks on us are because we are free). But the then recent absence of costly wars was a driver also, tending to make Australians more belligerent
Socio-structural aspect of the study of social fears
No full textThe subject of the study is the socio-structural aspect of the emergence and differentiation of social fears. Analysis of social fears is carried out on the basis of key parameters of social stratification (income, power, profession, education). The author proceeds from the understanding of social fear as a reaction to the social (by real or imaginary) threat of realizing the significant interests, life plans and claims of the social subject. In this regard, the social structure, in which individuals are included, is viewed as the ontological basis of social fears. The theoretical basis of the research was sociological and psychological work in the field of research of social fears, the theory of social stratification, the concept of a risk society. As the empirical material, the results of all-Russian sociological surveys were used. The method of secondary data analysis was used in the work. The article draws the following conclusion. The belonging of individuals to a social stratum determines not only the intensity of the experience of fears, but also the repertoire of social fears. Social fears reflect the range of problems faced by representatives of these or those social strata in the course of realizing their vital needs and interests. Therefore, social fears can be viewed as an indicator of the state of affairs in a particular stratum. Despite the differentiation of social fears caused by the system of social stratification, the fears of representatives of different groups reveal a common nature
Fears and misperceptions of the Ebola Response System during the 2014-2015 outbreak in Sierra Leone
No full textTo decrease the severity of epidemics in countries with under-developed health system
capacity to control outbreaks, lessons can be drawn from the Ebola outbreak inWest
Africa. This is the first study, to our knowledge, to use qualitative research methods to
understand community members’ perceptions of using the Ebola response system during
the outbreak in Sierra Leone.We conducted this study in two of the most populous districts
during a time when there were still a high number of Ebola-related fatalities, and the
Ebola response system had been scaled up. While national household surveys demonstrated
high levels of intent to use the response system at the time, epidemiological reports
suggested that there were delays in seeking testing and treatment. Our use of semi-structured
in-depth interviews, as well as an ethnographer with experience in Sierra Leone,
enhanced our ability to elicit people’s fears and misperceptions. Concerns about the
response system clustered around three key themes: fears of calling the national hotline,
negative perceptions of the chlorine spray, and misperceptions about the Ebola laboratory
test and the need to re-test. These fears and misperceptions likely delayed people from
seeking care. Our results lend support to the argument that trust in the public health
response system was integral to citizens’ use of the system.We make several recommendations
for how trust could have been enhanced during the Ebola outbreak. Protocols for
future outbreaks should incorporate dynamic and qualitative research both to understand
perceptions of the response system and to use these data to informa more effective
response
The effects of professional development training on leadership behavior, 1990
No full textThe purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which leadership skills of principals were improved as a result of professional development training. By examining leadership behaviors of principals in a large suburban school district, the researcher sought to determine if attending staff development courses designed specifically to treat identified, deficient leadership skills would affect growth in the leadership behaviors of principals. Demographic data such as tenure in present position and ethnicity of prinicpals were also examined for relationships to post-assessment gain scores on an assessment instrument. Trained data collectors administered the Profile for Assessment of Leadership instrument to the local faculties and staffs of principals. The Research Department processed the data and provided 33 sets of matched scores. These scores were statistically analyzed using t test, analysis of variance, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The findings indicated no statistically significant difference existed between the gain scores in leadership behaviors of principals who took the professional development training and those who did not. For five of the eight competencies measured, a statistically significant difference existed between pie-assessment and post-assessment scores. The competencies of human relations, time-on-task, and high expectations showed no significant gain. Tenure and race exhibited no significant relationship with the gain scores on the competencies except between decision-making skills and race. This relationship suggested that black principals allowed more participation in decision making from their staff than white principals. Recommendations include a staff development component which provides vehicles for practical as well as conceptual understanding of leadership competencies essential for success. The research supports the findings of other researchers in that support systems such as mentor relationships or practicums for principals along with procedures for rewarding excellence appear to relate positively to leadership behaviors and, thereby, should be promoted and should serve as the basis for additional studies
Food Fears and Raw-Milk Cheese
No full textThis paper examines the debate over the safety of raw-milk cheese. Departing from Nestle's categories of “science-based” and “value-based” approaches to risk assessment, the author argues that raw-milk cheese advocates, as well as proponents of pasteurisation, invoke science to support their positions, and measure risk against potential costs and benefits. Additionally, the author argues, each position is animated by, albeit differing, values and their attendant fears. While artisan cheesemakers associations have successfully averted bans on raw-milk cheesemaking in various contexts in recent years, the author concludes that they remain vulnerable to future food scares unless consumer interest in raw-milk cheese is sustained
A Description of Hopes and Fears in Keane’s Selected Songs in Album “Hopes and Fears”
No full textThis paper describes the hopes and fears found in song lyrics. Hope is a desire or goal to be achieved, while fear is a negative emotion that arises when someone feels threatened or unsure of the future. This paper aims to find out how the message hopes and fears through a song lyrics. The author uses a qualitative descriptive method in this paper to collecting data by selected song lyrics, watching music videos, listening to songs, and searching the internet and several related journals. The conclusion of this discussion is that the message of hope and fear in selected songs reflects a different emotional side. Hope provides inspiration, optimism, and happiness, while fear fuels afraid, challenges, and the drive to overcome uncertainty.41 HalamanKertas Karya Diplom
The two great fears of 1789
No full text The purpose of the author in engaging with ‘the two great fears of 1789’ in France is mainly to illustrate various emotional mechanisms that almost certainly had some causal role in the events. The action ultimately chosen by the Assembly was neither to fight nor to flee, but to try to defuse the danger by acting on its causes. Although not one of the spontaneous action tendencies of fear, the author shows the action was to a large extent an emotional rather than a rational response. </jats:p
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