570 research outputs found
Improving Regulatory Performance: Does Executive Office Oversight Matter?
No full textExecutive Office review and oversight of proposed federal regulations have been a bipartisan action of presidents and some governors. Proposals for regulatory improvement regularly highlight the role of benefit-cost analysis in this process. Supporters argue that the purpose of a benefit-cost review is to improve the social (net) benefits of implemented regulations. The evaluation question is whether Executive Office review has actually improved performance. This paper uses information on the status of regulations and their estimated economic impact to determine if Executive Office review has changed the outcome in different Administrations. The study is based on cost-effectiveness data that have had a large role in the debate about regulation and while an extensive critique of the data exists, its issues are addressed. The results indicate that while Executive Office review is associated with rejecting some regulations that would have been economically inefficient, such review appears to have no efficiency improving impact on the difference between proposed and final regulations or on the cost effectiveness of regulations that are implemented.
Performance Analysis of Farrow Structure Based FBMC-OQAM System
No full textAbstractFarrow structure is used in the efficient implementation of high order filters. The number of unknown coefficients is much less in Farrow structure based implementation, in comparison with the direct form implementation of FIR filters. Some predefined multipliers can also be used in this method. Since they are known apriori they will not add much to the complexity of the system. It is seen that a relatively strong correlation exists among the adjacent impulse response coefficients of the frequency selective filters. This fact is exploited in the Farrow structure to reduce the number of multipliers required for the implementation of desired filter. And these Farrow coefficients are used for representing the polyphase components of the desired filter. This Farrow structure based prototype filter is used for implementing an FBMC-OQAM system. BER performance of Farrow structure based FBMC-OQAM system is studied and found comparable with that of existing FBMC-OQAM system
How to Argue and Win an Appeal
No full textRick Hill, who concentrated on oral arguments, said you have to have “absolute, 100 percent complete deference” for the bench and flexibility in presenting your argument. Regarding briefs, Scott Farrow (J.D.’86) said a key to success in preparing your brief is to write as much of one section at a time as possible. “It’s too hard to get into the flow if you have to stop and start, stop and start.
Are There Net State Social Benefits or Costs from Legalizing Slot Machine Gambling?
No full textThe estimated impacts, benefits, and costs of legalizing slot machines in Maryland are analyzed. The analysis provides insight into the components and the total net benefits to the state and its citizens, the role of uncertainty, distributional impacts, and a basic tax alternative. The results forecast net benefits for Maryland both in comparison to doing nothing and in comparison to raising an equivalent amount in taxes. However, if revenue raised from the lower income population has a higher social cost, then doing nothing or raising taxes appears preferred.benefit-cost, gambling, regional, slots
Improving the Regulatory Analysis of the Cooling Water Intake Structure Rule: What Does an Economist Want?
No full textAs part of an edited volume devoted to the usefulness of benefit-cost analysis to inform regulatory review, this chapter presents a case study of the regulation of cooling water intake structures (CWIS) at existing power plants. The chapter first focuses on the consistency of the CWIS benefit-cost analysis with quality criteria to which the agency might have been expected to adhere. Second, criteria and outcomes with respect to decision rules for the selected alternatives are investigated. Finally, the challenge faced by agency analysis is described due to the difficulty in linking ecological and economic impacts. Suggestions for improvement are noted. As of the date of writing, the regulation is under review by the Supreme Court.Water, regulation, benefit-cost
Commentary: Benefit-Cost Analysis
No full textSCOTT Farrow AND MICHAEL TOMAN make a perfectly reasonable case for using benefit-cost analysis to evaluate environmental programs I found myself playing the same role in I98 I , urging environmental groups to embrace this approach to decision making. They rejected my advice, saying that their opponents were using benefit- cost analysis to undermine environmental regulations and that Reagan’s Executive Order 12291 was intended to slow or stop regulation.</p
Incorporating Equity in Regulatory and Benefit-Cost Analysis Using Risk Based Preferences
No full textGovernmental guidance for regulatory and benefit-cost analysis is targeted for applied analysts. Existing Federal guidance recommends sensitivity analysis in general without being specific regarding the implicit distributional assumptions of standard benefit-cost analysis. Recommendations for Federal guidance are developed to: 1) better communicate expectations for distributional analysis, 2) develop guidance for descriptive statistics related to distributional issues, and 3) integrate Government published measures of inequality aversion and to evaluate compensation for identified sensitive populations. While such actions have a data collection and analysis cost, they may make the results of regulatory analysis more relevant by investigating both efficiency and equity measures.benefit, risk, equity, distribution, income
Seward's folly: a new look at the Alaska Purchase
No full textIncludes bibliographical references and index.The Alaska Purchase--denounced at the time as 'Seward's Folly' but now seen as a masterstroke--is well known in American history. But few know the rest of the story. Lee Farrow offers a detailed account of just what the Alaska Purchase was, how it came about, its impact at the time, and more. Farrow shows why both America and Russia had plenty of good reasons to want the sale to occur, including Russia's desire to let go of an unprofitable, hard-to-manage colony and the belief in the United States that securing Alaska could help the nation gain control of British Columbia and generate closer trade ties with Asia . Farrow also delves into the implications of the deal for foreign policy and international diplomacy far beyond Russia and the United States at a moment when the global balance of power was in question.--Provided by publisher.Some mysterious sympathy: the foundations of friendship -- Evident advantages: origins and objectives -- Seward's chimerical project: public reaction and ratification -- No longer Russian America: taking possession of Alaska -- Paying for the "new national ice-house": approval and appropriation -- Very uneasy and vexed: international reactions to the purchase -- That snow-bound wilderness: from treaty to territory
The Benefit-Cost Analysis of Security Focused Regulations
No full textSecurity focused regulations have been largely exempt from the benefit-cost type of analysis required for major Federal regulations and done routinely in areas such as transportation, environment and safety. among the reasons offered for exemption are the analytical difficulties of security issues involving complex or poorly understood probabilities and consequences. This paper investigates the magnitude of security focused regulations, a framework for developing an expected costs analysis of regulations, and the current "break-even" analysis used by the Department of Homeland Security. Key assumptions implicit in the current analysis are identified and suggestions are made for the difficult evolution of security regulations toward a more explicit benefit-cost analysis.Benefit-cost, homeland security, regulation
Distribution of Salmonella serovars in breeding, nursery, and grow-to-finish pigs, and risk factors for shedding in ten farrow-to-finish swine farms in Alberta and Saskatchewan
No full textThe study objectives were to investigate Salmonella prevalence, serovar distribution, and risk factors for shedding in 10 purposively selected farrow-to-finish farms in Saskatchewan and Alberta. Pooled fecal samples from the breeding and growfinish phases and individual fecal samples from breeding, nursery, and grow-finish pigs were cultured for Salmonella; serotyping of isolates was performed. Pig and pen characteristics were recorded for each pig and pen sampled. Overall, 407/1143 (36%) of samples were Salmonella positive; within-farm prevalence ranged from 1% to 79%. Sows, nursery, and grow-finish pigs accounted for 43%, 29%, and 28% of positive samples, respectively. More Salmonella were detected in pooled pen than individual pig samples (P<0.001). Among 418 Salmonella isolates, there were 19 distinct serovars; the most common were S. Derby (28.5%), S. Typhimurium, var. Copenhagen (19.1%), S. Putten (11.8%), S. Infantis (6.8%), and S. Mbandaka (6.1%). Sows were more likely to shed Salmonella than nursery or grow-finisher (OR 2.9, P<0.001) pigs. Pelleted feed (OR 8.2, P<0.001) and nose-to-nose pig contact through pens (OR 2.2, P=0.005) were associated with increased Salmonella prevalence. Significant differences in serovar distribution were detected among production phases. The use of pooled pen samples is recommended as a more efficient means for accurate evaluation of Salmonella status in different phases of pig production. The breeding herd might be an important source of Salmonella persistence within farrow-to-finish farms and should be targeted in control efforts. The latter might also apply to the use of pelleted feed, which remains the most consistently reported significant risk factor for Salmonella shedding in pigs.Accession Number: 20103196664. Publication Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Language of Summary: French. Number of References: 32 ref. Subject Subsets: Veterinary Science; Veterinary Science; Animal Nutrition; Pig Scienc
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