1,721,092 research outputs found
Negative self-schemata in depression : the role of automatic self-evaluation
No full textResearch into schemata in depression has found little evidence for schematic activity in the absence of a depressed or low mood. This has led to a widespread view that schemata in depression are latent and only influence information processing in the presence of a low or depressed mood (Segal, 1988). The lack of evidence of schematic activity in the absence of a depressed mood may be due to traditional conceptualisation of schema and the methodological difficulties inherent in the implicit tasks that are used. The aim of this thesis was to investigate schematic activity using two relatively new automatic self-evaluation tasks (the IAT and EAST). It was found that positive automatic self-evaluation was weaker in analogue depressed individuals, high-trait depressives, and recovered clinical depressives compared to non-depressed individuals and low-trait depressives. More importantly, these differences in automatic self-evaluation were not affected by mood or levels of depression. This thesis provides some support that vulnerability to depression or schematic activity can be measured in the absence of a depressed mood. These results also provide support for the growing evidence that automatic self-evaluation may be implicated as a vulnerability factor related to affective disorders (De Raedt, Schacht, Franck, & De Houwer, 2006; de Jong, 2000, Tanner, Stopa, & De Houwer, in press), and why SSRI antidepressant treatment may not be effective in preventing relapse in depression (Hensley, Nadiga, & Uhlenhuth, 2004). Suggestions for further research into schemata include further examination into the role of positive automatic self-evaluation in healthy individuals, the ratio of and different kinds of positive and negative schematic content in individuals who are, and who are not, vulnerable to depression, and investigating schemata from the ontological and neuroscientific perspectives.</p
Exploring unintended feedbacks between coastal hazard, exposure, and vulnerability
No full textCoastal zones are more densely populated than any other landscape on Earth. These regions are also dynamic places that naturally change shape and position, especially in response to sea-level rise, leaving the infrastructure that sustains high coastal populations exposed to natural coastal hazards. Therefore, to make exposed infrastructure less vulnerable to damage, shorelines are deliberately altered with hazard protections. Some developed coasts have been altered on such spatial scales that they no longer act like natural coastlines. Instead, they function as coupled human-landscape systems, where shoreline dynamics reflect interactions and feedbacks between human alterations and natural coastal processes. The Atlantic Coast of the USA has over 2500 km of developed coastline, and is arguably the largest coastal coupled human-landscape system in the world, and is dominated by beach nourishment: a type of coastal hazard protection that involves widening an eroding beach with imported sand. Beach nourishment buffers exposed infrastructure from coastal hazards, and also serves as a stock of natural capital for tourism economies. However, despite ubiquitous nourishment along the US Atlantic since the 1960s, coastal risk continues to increase. This dynamic is an expression of the “safe development paradox”, in which exposure to hazard continues to rise, despite increased efforts to protect against hazard impacts. This thesis explores unintended feedbacks between coastal hazard, exposure, and vulnerability evident along the US Atlantic Coast. My work examines why beach nourishment might have the counter-productive consequence of increasing risk. This thesis also presents a conceptual framework that may enable future models of coastal risk to incorporate “big data” approaches to illuminate and explore the “safe development paradox”, and to test whether prospective management strategies might mediate coastal risk or exacerbate it
Unprecedented nuclear strikes of the invincible army
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Peter Hayes, Professor, RMIT University and Executive Director of the Nautilus Institute and Scott Bruce, Director of the Nautilus Institute, San Francisco assess that North Korea\u27s options for a nuclear strike are severely constrained—so much so that the only credible use of the DPRK’s nuclear arsenal is to detonate a bomb within North Korea itself to slow down or to stop an invasion in the context of an all-out war with the United States and South Korea. They conclude that, "In short, North Korea’s long range missile program is not a credible threat to the United States or anyone else for that matter, and is unlikely to be one for some time.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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