1,721,178 research outputs found
Shelf-Ocean Exchange in the Polar Regions
No full textThe polar oceans are of paramount importance to Earth’s climate system. The unprecedented changes that these regions are now experiencing have the potential to impact everyone on our planet, via sea level rise, extreme weather events and by threatening food security. The complex exchange processes that occur between the deep ocean and the polar continental shelves move climatically-important quantities such as heat, salt, and nutrients, and are thus essential to the functioning of the polar oceans within the climate system. This thesis uses oceanographic observations from both polar regions to further our understanding of two components of this shelf-ocean exchange: (i) vertical mixing on the West Antarctica Peninsula (WAP) and (ii) eddies in the Arctic Ocean. In 2016, an ocean glider deployed in Ryder Bay, WAP, collected hydrographic and microstructure data, obtaining some of the first direct measurements of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation off West Antarctica. These data reveal significant spatio-temporal variability in hydrographic and dissipation conditions, with elevated dissipation and heat fluxes observed above a topographic ridge at the bay’s entrance, suggesting that the ridge is important in driving upward mixing of warm Circumpolar Deep Water. Mooring-based current and nearby meteorological data are used to attribute thermocline shoaling (deepening) to Ekman upwelling (downwelling) at Ryder Bay’s southern boundary, driven by ∼ 3-day-long south-westward (north-westward) wind events. Anticyclonic winds generated near-inertial shear in the bay’s upper layers, causing elevated bay-wide shear and dissipation ∼ 1.7 days later. High dissipation and heat fluxes over the ridge appear to be controlled hydraulically, being co-located (and moving) with steeply sloping isopycnals. The ridge thus provides sustained heat to the base of the thermocline, which can be released into overlying waters during the bay-wide, thermocline-focused dissipation events. This highlights the role of underwater ridges, which are widespread across the WAP, in the regional ocean heat budget. A rapid, high-resolution hydrographic and current shipboard survey provides a unique three-dimensional view of an anti-cyclonic, cold-core eddy in the Arctic Ocean. The eddy was situated 50-km seaward of the Chukchi Sea shelfbreak, embedded in the offshore side of the Chukchi Slope Current. The eddy core (at 150-m depth) consisted of saline, newly ventilated Pacific winter water, which is important for ventilating the cold Arctic halcoline. Subtracting out the slope current signal, the eddy’s velocity field was symmetrical and approximately in geostrophic balance, with a peak azimuthal velocity of ∼ 10 cm s−1 . The eddy’s age is estimated to be on the order of months, and different scenarios are discussed regarding how the eddy became embedded in the slope current, the eddy’s life-span, and the ramifications for halocline ventilation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Launch of the Swinburne AMDC and ARC funded Training Centre in Biodevices
No full textSenator The Hon Scott Ryan officially launches Swinburne University of Technology's Advanced Manufacturing and Design Centre (AMDC), the Factory of the Future (FoF), and the ARC Training Centre in Biodevices on 14 July 2015. Proceedings: Acknowledgement to country by Andrew Peters. Welcome from Prof. Geoff Brooks, Pro Vice-Chancellor, Future Manufacturing. Address by Mr. Graham Goldsmith, Chancellor, Swinburne University of Technology. Address by Prof. Aidan Byrne, CEO, Australian Research Council. Address by the Hon. Steve Herbert, Minister for Training and Skills and Minister for International Education. Official launch by Senator the Hon Scott Ryan, Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Education and Training. Address by Prof. Linda Kristjanson, Vice-Chancellor, Swinburne University of Technology
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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