3,706 research outputs found

    Molecular regulation of fruit ripening

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    Peer reviewedFruit ripening is a highly coordinated developmental process that coincides with seed maturation. The ripening process is regulated by thousands of genes that control progressive softening and/or lignification of pericarp layers, accumulation of sugars, acids, pigments, and release of volatiles. Key to crop improvement is a deeper understanding of the processes underlying fruit ripening. In tomato, mutations blocking the transition to ripe fruits have provided insights into the role of ethylene and its associated molecular networks involved in the control of ripening. However, the role of other plant hormones is still poorly understood. In this review, we describe how plant hormones, transcription factors, and epigenetic changes are intimately related to provide a tight control of the ripening process. Recent findings from comparative genomics and system biology approaches are discussed.This work was supported in part by grants from the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (to Sonia Osorio and Alisdair R. Fernie), and by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain (Ramón and Cajal contract). Federico Scossa acknowledges the support of CRA-Young Investigator Program.Peer Reviewe

    The awareness campaign “Diamoci una scossa!”: contents and methodology of the form

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    In a country with high seismic risk, such as Italy, the activities to raise awareness about the seismic risk are of primary importance. The Inarcassa Foundation, the National Council of Engineers and the National Council of Architects with the scientific support of the Superior Council of Public Works, the Italian Civil Protection Department, the Conference of Italian University Rectors and the Laboratories University Network of Earthquake Engineering have launched the national awareness campaign, named "Diamoci una scossa!". As part of this campaign, technical and informational visits to residential buildings were carried out by architects or engineers expert in seismic risk. A special form, called “Diamoci una scossa!” form, was compiled by the technicians during technical-information visits. This form was prepared starting from similar forms already used in Italy, such as the AeDES form, the Cartis Building form and the CLE US1 form. On the basis of the acquired data related to the current seismic risk, the construction age and the vulnerabilities of buildings, it was possible to associate a color to the building (green / yellow / red). This color provides generic indications on the possible risk class of the building according to the classification provided by the Sisma Bonus fiscal benefits and on the urgency for a in-depth building assessment according to seismic code. The present work, after a brief description of the awareness campaign and related activities, deal with the "Diamoci una scossa!" form and the criteria adopted for assigning the color based on the data collected regarding each specific building

    »It contained harbours that pleased me like sonnets«. Kleine Poetik der diegetischen Karte

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    In this article, Federico Italiano explores the relationship between literature and cartography. Beginning with Stevenson’s Treasure Island, the author frames the topic through a general theoretical lens on the spatial dimension of literary texts. He then focuses on a specific phenomenon of literary "carticity"—the diegetic presence of the map, that is, the map as an integral element of the narrative structure. Among others, Italiano examines the works of Houellebecq and Cormac McCarthy

    The Plant Journal

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    Summary Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important legume species with a rich natural diversity of landraces that originated from the wild forms following multiple independent domestication events. After the publication of its genome, several resources for this relevant crop have been made available. A comprehensive characterization of specialized metabolism in P. vulgaris, however, is still lacking. In this study, we used a metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to dissect the chemical composition at a tissue-specific level in several accessions of common bean belonging to different gene pools. Using a combination of literature search, mass spectral interpretation, 13C-labeling, and correlation analyses, we were able to assign chemical classes and/or putative structures for approximately 39% of all measured metabolites. Additionally, we integrated this information with transcriptomics data and phylogenetic inference from multiple legume species to reconstruct the possible metabolic pathways and identify sets of candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites. A particular focus was given to flavonoids, triterpenoid saponins and hydroxycinnamates, as they represent metabolites involved in important ecological interactions and they are also associated with several health-promoting benefits when integrated into the human diet. The data are presented here in the form of an accessible resource that we hope will set grounds for further studies on specialized metabolism in legumes

    Portrait of the Author in (Him/Her)self

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    A fragment of a philosophical essay by Jean-Luc Nancy and Federico Ferrari titled Iconographie dell’auteur (Paris, 2005), published for the first time in Polish, that addresses the problem of a relationship between the image of the author and his/her work

    Aneddoti e ricette a corte di Federico II nel XXI secolo : il buon cibo e il buon bere nel più antico Ateneo pubblico al mondo

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    [Italiano]: Questo volume rappresenta la finalizzazione di una iniziativa nata, condivisa ed interamente realizzata all'interno del gruppo social dei "Prof in cucina e in Cantina", che ha inteso raccogliere ricette e descrizioni aneddotiche di singoli Autori, appartenenti ai ruoli del personale docente e tecnico-amministrativo-bibliotecario dell'Ateneo federiciano, il più antico Ateneo pubblico al mondo. Aneddoti e ricette forniscono spaccati di vita quotidiana e ricostruzioni di eventi che hanno accompagnato gli Autori nei diversi percorsi formativi, sociali e lavorativi, e che non escludono riferimenti al recente periodo emergenziale della pandemia COVID-19. Ad introdurre il Volume è un menù federiciano, con una proposta di 3 pietanze che attualizzano ricette ed abitubini alimentari dell'epoca, e che hanno come riferimento il Liber de coquina, edito a corte di Federico II. Gli 8 Capitoli del volume raggruppano ricette e aneddoti per categorie, e ciascuno di essi è poi preceduto da un breve inserto con ulteriori riferimenti storici all'alimentazione a Corte di Federico II. Così, atmosfere vecchie e nuove, accompagnate dal sentore di aromi e da suggestioni ispirate al vissuto di ciascun Autore, si fondono per offrire a Lettrici e Lettori frammenti di quotidianità vissuti oggi a corte di Federico II, nel XXI secolo./[English]: The Volume represents the endpoint of a recent initiative, which was conceived, shared and fully realized within the social group of the "Prof in Cucina e in Cantina". Here, the several Authors, represented by the teaching and the technical/administrative/librarian staff of the Federico II University in Naples, the oldest public University in the world, propose recipes and anecdotal descriptions of their educational, social and work-related paths, including some episodes from the recent COVID-19 pandemic. A menu inspired to Frederick II introduces the book, with 3 recipes inspired to the Liber de coquina, a cooking manual compiled at the Emperor's court. Each of the following 8 thematic chapters of the book is also anticipated by a brief insert reporting historical reconstructions of the alimentary habits at the court of Frederick II. Thus, old and new atmospheres, accompanied by the scent of aromas and suggestions inspired by the experience of each Author, come together to offer Readers fragments of everyday life at the court of Frederick II, in the 21st century

    Le tessere e il mosaico. Sulla 'violenza' e la 'religione' come soggetti/oggetti della storiografia dell’India del primo Novecento

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    Tra il 1940 e il 1947 l’intera area geografica del Sud Asia è devastata da violenze senza precedenti. Sono anni sconvolti dall’operato di diverse compagini, in lizza tra loro, le quali si affrontano a colpi di attentati spie- tati, assalti cruenti, manovre offensive, misure oppressive, faide fratricide, vendette sanguinose, rappresaglie, repressioni, guerriglie patriottiche, lotte di liberazione. Anni di scontri tra dominatori coloniali e nativi dominati, tra regnanti assoggettanti e popoli assoggettati, tra elite egemoni e molti- tudini subalterne. Sono anni in cui la cronaca quotidiana è continuamente turbata e scossa dalle inquietanti notizie di incendi, roghi, stragi, esecuzio- ni sommarie, genocidi, massacri, macabre carneficine, stupri efferati. Anni di sangue e di piombo, in cui tanto le metropoli quanto le aree rurali sono parimenti sconvolte da eventi terribili e raccapriccianti: quartieri, villaggi e insiemi di famiglie vengono travolti dalla furia dell’odio e della rabbia, migliaia di donne sono rapite, sfigurate e fatte a pezzi
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