1,721,040 research outputs found
EROSIONE DEL SUOLO: L’APPLICAZIONE DEL MODELLO USLE AL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE BASILICATA
No full textL’erosione del suolo è un fenomeno naturale che interessa la dinamica del paesaggio e la sua evoluzione. Si tratta
di un processo di alterazione della superficie terrestre che può avvenire per mezzo di diversi fattori: l’acqua,
il vento o i ghiacciai.
Tale fenomeno interessa il 35 % della superficie delle terre emerse, determinando nelle aree coltivate una perdita
di 23 miliardi di tonnellate di suolo all’anno.
In questo articolo un Sistema Informativo Geografico (GIS) è stato integrato con un modello di erosione del suolo
“Universal Soil Loss Equation” (USLE). Tale integrazione ha consentito come risultato finale la produzione di
una mappa di erosione potenziale del suolo per il territorio della Regione Basilicata.
Alcune limitazioni di questo approccio, dovute al suo schema completo ma semplificato, sono legate alla stima del
ruscellamento superficiale ( r u n o f f ) ed alla deposizione del sedimento. Un’ottimizzazione dei risultati potrebbe essere
perseguita attraverso una maggiore disponibilità di dati relativi alle diverse variabili considerate nel modello
A Time Series Investigation to Assess Climate Change and Anthropogenic Impacts on Quantitative Land Degradation in the North Delta, Egypt
Full text linkIn the current study the processes of soil deterioration over the past five decades was evaluated. Land degradation risk, status, and rate were assessed in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt, in 2016 using OLI and ETM (2002) remote sensing data, and soil data from 1961.A quantitative deterioration was produced based on the comparative study approach in the integrated weighted sum, weighted overlay, and fuzzy model. The parameters used were soil depth, texture, pH, EC, OM, SAR, ESP, CEC, CaCO3, BD, N, P, K. The variables were based on the measurements derived from the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). The results of the implemented USLE in the GIS model-builder revealed the prevalence of severe soil deterioration processes in the region, and include four main deterioration risks: water-logging, soil compaction, salinization, and alkalization. During 2002-2016, soil sealing took place on 36,297.87 ha of the study area (9.7% of the total area). Urban sprawl was one of the most noticed problems that became apparent during the fieldwork during the inventory of land resources in the investigation area. Soil sealing is one of the hidden manifestations of desertification, and it is the implicit explanation for the lost land for the agricultural production process. The study showed that the investigated soil, as a part of north Nile Delta, is a very fragile system that needs to be protected, especially under the effect of climate change in areas overloaded with population, and because of their negative effects on soil properties. According to the results of this study, it is recommended that the same approach be applied to similar agricultural semi-arid regions to help in building a database of land resources for agricultural use that will be very useful for the decision-maker to monitor changes on agricultural lands
Riduzione della tossicità di metalli pesanti nel suolo per effetto di sostanza organica di diversa origine". Biologi Italiani, Anno XXVIII, N. : -. ISSN
No full text
The Development of Soil Science in Basilicata
No full textThis chapter deals with the development of soil science studies in Basilicata. After an overview of the role played by the initiators of soil studies in the region, the soil surveys carried out in Basilicata by external institutions, regional office and the University of Basilicata are discussed
STUDIO DI SISTEMI COMPLESSI: LA PROSPETTIVA ECODINAMICA IN CHIMICA-FISICA AMBIENTALE
No full textEcosystems are characterised, from a thermodynamic
point of view, by non equilibrium and irreversible pheno -
mena. In addition, they are open systems of finite dimen -
sions, wich are higly integrated through matter and energy
fluxes and restricted by biophysical constraints.
In this paper a concise description of chemical-physics na -
ture of the complex systems is given, with special referen -
ce to ecodynamic approach and dissipative structure
theory
: Soil solarization: Effects on soil microbiological parameters
No full textSoil solarization, obtained by covering soil with plastic films, is a useful practice able to reduce soil pathogen populations. Light plastic films (LPFs) are nowadays widely used especially in open and greenhouse vegetable crop cultivations in Southern Italy, as they are able to raise soil temperature more than 20◦C above air temperature. The solarization treatment with LPFs is characterized by a low cost and low environmental impact.
The wide use of these technique causes a concern about the side effect of solarization on soil microbial populations, which are affected the same as plant pathogens by soil heating. As scientific literature pays scant attention to the effect of soil heating on soil microbial parameters, this paper studied the effects of solarization on soil microbial biomass, soil respiration, and soil enzymatic activity in the presence of organic amendments and the soil fumigant dazomet.
Solarization appears to be an effective practice able to control nematodes, even though it may cause serious stress on the soil microbial biomass. In addition, it was demonstrated that the organic amendments exert a protective role keeping soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activities protected from the detrimental effect of heating
Le comunità microbiche del suolo a supporto della degradazione biologica di idrocarburi in suoli contaminati da petrolio
No full textResponses of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings in a Cd/Cu/Zn multi-pollution context
No full textSee the proper issu
Repeated solarization and long-term effects on soil microbiological parameters and agronomic traits
No full textInnovative methods less invasive for man and environment are needed to solve the problem of weeds, pests and diseases in cropping systems. Soil solarization is one practice that involves passively heating soil covered by a thin clear plastic film for several weeks during the periods of high solar radiation before the crop is planted. Soil solarization treatments were repeated to verify their long-term effectiveness on soil microbial biomass and its respiration activities, in addition to yield response and root-knot nematodes control in tomato and melon crops following soil heating. Experiments in greenhouse were carried out in Southern Italy (40 24 0 N, 16 28 E) during the summer of 1998, 1999 and 2000 on soil infested by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. Crop yields and fruit quality of all vegetable crops were positively affected by repeating solarization for two and three years, compared to an untreated soil and soil treated once in 1998. Solarization was effective in controlling root-knot nematode damage, but solarization affected the soil biota populations and their activities as a consequence of repeated treatments
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