1,720,955 research outputs found
Cholesterol crystals tubulointerstitial injury during nephrotic syndrome; can be classified as tubular crystallopathy?
No full textIntroduction: Cholesterol crystals and granulomas in tubular lumen and interstitium of the kidney are infrequent findings during nephrotic syndrome (NS) and are poorly described. We attempt to discuss cholesterol crystals in NS as a form of crystallopathy. Case Presentation: Three cases of 207 (1.5%) performed kidney biopsies, between 2001 and 2019, in patients with NS, showed cholesterol crystals deposition in tubules, interstitium and even cholesterol granulomas with some degree of interstitial mononuclear inflammation with giant cells, interstitial fibrosis and variable tubular atrophy. Oil Red O staining revealed lipid laden macrophages in interstitium and lipid droplets in tubular epithelium. Two patients had membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) and one membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). The proteinuria ranged from 6.08 to 12.57 g/24 hours, lasting from 1 to 22 months. All had hypertension, high values of serum cholesterol and triglycerides. Conclusion: Clinically significant deposition of cholesterol crystals in kidney is mainly in atheroembolic renal disease, however deposition of cholesterol crystals during NS is rare and it is not considered a form of crystallopathy. Cholesterol crystals do not seem to be correlated with degree of proteinuria, persistence of NS or type of glomerulonephritis, but it is correlated with amount of serum cholesterol which is strongly associated with the severity of NS. Therefore we propose it as tubular crystallopathy, in the setting of NS associated hypercholesterolemia which may cause chronic kidney disease (CKD)
PLA2R Immunohistochemistry Staining in Membranous Glomerulopathy: A Challenging Stain to Interpret But a Potentially Useful Diagnostic Tool
No full textCirculating autoantibodies to phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R-Ab) are detected in > 70% of patients with primary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN). Detection of PLA2R antigen in renal tissue, with immunohistochemistry (PLA2R IHC), strongly correlates with serum PLA2R-Ab, although it is more sensitive. As PLA2R IHC in literature has no univocal interpretation, we suggest reliable criteria for a standard approach for the assessment of immunostaining for differential diagnosis between primary and secondary MGN. We analyzed PLA2R IHC expression in 40 biopsies of patients with MGN and serum PLA2R-Ab titer at the time of biopsy. We carefully evaluated, at high magnification, the immunostaining pattern and distribution, regardless of intensity, in capillary loops, mesangium, and podocytes of all glomeruli.We defined, adopting this approach, positive stain when a granular pattern, coarse and/ or fine, diffuse or focal, and global or segmental were observed. Negative stain was defined by mesangial staining, when there was a dirty pattern, or a peripheral staining of capillary loops with a smoky linear pattern. Podocytes showed homogenous cytoplasmatic stain both in positive and negative cases and in external negative controls. We found PLA2R IHC and serum PLA2R-Ab positivity in early-middle stage MGN compared with advanced stage more frequently. Correct stratification of patients with MGN needs PLA2R-Ab detection in serum and renal tissue. PLA2R IHC test, although a challenging stain, can be an easy diagnostic tool but requires reliable interpretation keys for a standard approach to the assessment of immunostaining
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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