1,721,032 research outputs found
Acute changes in strength and endurance performance and serum hormones to single session combined endurance and strength loadings : order effect in female and male endurance runners
No full textSchumann, Moritz 2011. Acute changes in strength and endurance performance and serum hormones to single session combined endurance and strength loadings: Order effect in female and male endurance runners. Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Master’s thesis in Science of Sport Coaching and Fitness Testing, 76pp.
Endurance and strength loadings are often performed concurrently by both elite and recreational athletes. The question of whether the order of exercise yields acute differences in force production and endocrine responses when both types of exercise are combined in a single session has, however, received only limited scientific attention. The purpose of this study was to examine acute changes and recovery in endurance and strength performance and serum hormone concentrations to single session combined endurance (E) and strength (S) loadings by switching the order of exercises in men and women.
A group of 10 female (34±8 years) and 12 male (38±8 years) recreationally endurance trained subjects participated in the study. All subjects took part in two loading sessions; one with E loading followed immediately by S loading (E+S) and one with the opposite order (S+E). Prior to the measurements subjects were tested for their E (VO2max) and S performance (maximal bilateral isometric leg extension, MVCmax). The subjects then performed both loadings in a randomized order. S (45min) primarily focused on leg extensor muscles including both maximal and explosive exercises (3 x 8 reps with 75% of 1 RM and 3 x 10 reps with 40% of 1 RM with 2min rest between the sets) and E was performed as continuous running with intensity between lactic and ventilatory threshold (60min). MVCmax, rapid force production as average force of 500ms (MVC500) and serum hormone concentrations (total testosterone and cortisol) were determined PRE, MID (following E or S, respectively) and POST loadings and repeated after recovery of 24h and 48h. Oxygen consumption was measured during the first and last 10 minutes of the endurance loading and running economy was determined as the average of minutes 6-8 and 56-58.
The main findings were significant decreases in MVCmax at MID and POST in men (MID, E+S, 8%, p<0.05; S+E, 19%, p<0.001; POST, E+S, 21%, p<0.001; S+E, 19%, p<0.00) in both loading conditions while these decreases were somewhat smaller in women (MID, S+E 14%, p<0.01; POST, E+S, 12%, p<0.01) Women did not show the same magnitude of reduction as men in MVC500 in both E+S and S+E). The recovery of MVCmax and MVC500 was faster in women, while in men reduced values were still observed at 48h of recovery following both loading conditions. Running economy was impaired in both men and women when endurance running was performed immediately after strength exercises (S+E). No significant changes occurred in serum testosterone in either men or women. During recovery serum testosterone at 24h and 48h of recovery was slightly decreased following S+E and slightly increased following E+S in men (at 24h, -14% vs. +7%, difference p<0.05; at 48h, -8% vs. +16%, difference p<0.05). Men showed slightly increased concentrations in serum cortisol (p=0.072) at POST following S+E compared to E+S. This increase in serum cortisol in men was higher (p<0.05) compared to unaltered serum cortisol concentrations in women.
In conclusion, the present results showed that the current loading protocol led to higher neuromuscular fatigue and larger serum cortisol responses in men than in women, which were in part accompanied by decreased concentration of anabolic hormones during the recovery phase in men when the strength loading was followed by the endurance loading. These findings might have important implications to optimize the combined strength and endurance loading regimes and its order as well as recovery from loading in recreationally endurance trained males and females.unknown accessibilityei tietoa saavutettavuudest
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The Limitations of Systematic Reviews With Meta-Analyses in Sport Science. Editorial
Full text linkFil: Boullosa, Daniel. Universidad de León, España.Fil: Behm, David. Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada.Fil: Del Rosso, Sebastián. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Argentina.Fil: Del Rosso, Sebastián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, Argentina.Fil: Schumann, Moritz. Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany.Fil: Doma, Kenji. James Cook University, Australia.Fil: Foster, Carl. University of Wisconsin–La Crosse, United States of America.It is generally argued that systematic reviews are necessary because of the possibility of some subjective bias in narrative reviews. Thus, SRwMs are considered the gold standard of scientific evidence. However, “all that glitters is not gold,”2 as SRwMs are only as good as the articles they contain, not only from a risk-of-bias perspective2 but also when considering the characteristics of the samples, protocols, and outcomes included. Generalizations may erroneously pretend to be a one-size-fits-all solution for complex biological phenomena. When considering the factors and potential moderators of training interventions and subsequent performance and physiological adaptations, a suite of population characteristics (eg, training background, age, sex), training-regimen characteristics (eg, exercise type and mode, loading, timing), testing protocols and selected outcomes (eg, exercise type, performance parameter, timing), and other contextual factors should be included. Consideration of all these factors is important for a better characterization of any (acute or chronic) training effect on an individual athlete basis, as previously exemplified for postactivation performance-enhancement strategies.3 However, this approach is not always possible for most SRwMs and the included studies. This shortcoming means that any analysis from an SRwM may be limited because of the infinite combinations of all those potential factors and their moderators, which may result in suboptimal combinations.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionFil: Boullosa, Daniel. Universidad de León, España.Fil: Behm, David. Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada.Fil: Del Rosso, Sebastián. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Argentina.Fil: Del Rosso, Sebastián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, Argentina.Fil: Schumann, Moritz. Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany.Fil: Doma, Kenji. James Cook University, Australia.Fil: Foster, Carl. University of Wisconsin–La Crosse, United States of America
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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