1,721,039 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Extraction of hexanol from fermentation broths and solvents recovery
No full textFermentation has played a major role in Alcohol production for decades from renewable sources such as plant biomass material and agricultural wastes that have been sitting and intensifying for a long period of time. These biomass materials can also be used as a renewable source of energy to produce gasoline and diesel. Since the recovery of alcohols from fermentation broths is an expensive process, several research groups have been trying to find an inexpensive way. One of the possibilities for recovery seemed to be liquid extraction. The necessary data have been worked out all over the world. Liquid-Liquid Extraction is one of the most significant unit operations used widely in the chemical industry for the separation of liquid-liquid mixture with the aid of an extracting solvent. The Liquid-Liquid Extraction finds applications in the petroleum industry, hydrometallurgy, biotechnology, nu-clear technology, waste management, and other areas. There are many different types of extraction apparatus, tools and devices which differ in internals, geometry, energy input and construction materials. Stirred extractors are also known as extracting agent. The and one of the most important stirred extractors is the so-called stirred cell extractor, which is very heavily used in the petroleum engineering industry in general. The stirred cell extractor will be used in this thesis. Research in this field are also focused on the so-called extractive fermentation. This process allows the recovery of alcohols by solvent extraction from fermentation broths during alcohol formation. Because, when alcohols are produced by a biotechnological process, the product con-centration is usually low due to product inhibition. For example, the ethanol concentration in the fermentation broth is always low, usually from about 5 to l0%.Of these alcohols, the primary metabolites ethanol, butanol and hexanol are of main practical interest. In the chemical industry, these alcohols are petrochemical products. They are formed in high concentrations and purified by means of fractional distillation. This paper deals with the extraction of hexanol from fermentation broths and solvents recovery. This will be done, using the special extractor stirred cell column and for the solvent's recovery simulation with packed rectification column will be done. In order to design the functioning pilot plant in this thesis, five different tasks are studied from the laboratory stage to the large plant. The tasks will be done as follows:- Setup of a test plant for continuous extraction and rectification, - Experiments with simulated fermentation broth (mixtures of pure substances according to the project partner's specifications), - Possibly, experiments with real fermentation broths without cell constituent parts, - Development of a concept for coupling the pressure fermenter of the project partners with the continuous extraction and rectification (extractive fermentation), - Production-scale cost estimation
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Betrachtung der Klimarelevanz von Biomassekraftwerken auf Basis einer Wirbelschichtvergasung
No full textAufgrund des stetig ansteigenden weltweiten Energiebedarfs und der zunehmenden Verknappung von fossilen Brennstoffen, gewinnt die Strom- und Warmeerzeugung aus alternativen Energietragern immer mehr an Bedeutung. Hierzu zahlt auch die Nutzung von Biomasse, eine der altesten Formen der Energienutzungen, die der Mensch kennt. Da bei ihrer Verwendung nur das CO2 freigesetzt wird, welches vorher von der Pflanze eingelagert wurde, gilt sie als nahezu klimaneutral. Dies ist ein wichtiger Punkt um in der momentanen Klimadiskussion berucksichtigt zu werden, da sich diese haufig nur um die Verringerung der THG-Emissionen dreht. Fur die Nutzung von Biomasse gibt es eine Vielzahl von Verfahren, die fur sich gesehen jeweils Vor- und Nachteile bieten. Sie sind jedoch nur begrenzt miteinander vergleichbar. Um eine bessere Vergleichbarkeit zu erhalten ist es notig, die Randbedingungen fur die Untersuchung der verschiedenen Nutzungsverfahren festzulegen. Dies geschah mit dem Methodenhandbuch "Methoden zur stoffstromorientierten Beurteilung fur Vorhaben im Rahmen des BMU-Forderprogramms Energetische Biomassenutzung". Im Rahmen der Untersuchungen auf Grundlage des Methodenhandbuchs sollen verschiedene Verfahren zur Nutzung von Biomasse untersucht und dann anhand Kennzahlen miteinander verglichen werden. Die folgende Masterarbeit erortert als Teil des Vergleichs die THGEmissionen der Biomasse-Vergasung. Hierzu scheint sich im Allgemeinen die Erstellung einer Okobilanz anzubieten. Jedoch ist diese, wenn sie nach ISO 14040 und 14044 erstellt wird, sehr aufwendig. Deshalb wurde im Methodenpapier eine vereinfachte Untersuchung des Vorhabens festgelegt, welche im Rahmen dieser Arbeit durchgefuhrt wird. Auf Grundlage der ermittelten THG-Emissionen werden auch die CO2-Vermeidungskosten dieser Technologie dargestellt. Daraus ergibt sich eine Moglichkeit, verschiedene Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Strom und Warme aus regenerativen Einsatzstoffen auf ihre volkswirtschaftlichen Kosten hin zu untersuchen und zu bewerten. Im Rahmen der Bilanzierung werden verschiedene Arten von Biomasse und verschiedene Ernteketten fur diese untersucht
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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