1,720,978 research outputs found
Les limites de l’autoréglementation dans le secteur suisse de l’affinage d’or. Une analyse sous l’angle de l’initiative pour des multinationales responsables.
Get PDFLa Suisse joue un rôle clé dans le commerce mondial d’or en tant que principal pays hôte des activités d’affinage. Les importations d’or, en particulier d’or minier, présentent un important risque d’atteinte aux droits humains ou à l’environnement. Jusqu’ici, les autorités fédérales ont misé sur l’autoréglementation : elles font confiance aux affineurs suisses pour qu’ils s’acquittent de leur devoir de diligence et garantissent un approvisionnement en or durable et responsable. Cette forme de gouvernance a-t-elle fait ses preuves ? Notre analyse montre qu'elle souffre d'importantes limites et conclut qu'il y a lieu de la mettre en doute. Elle fait également ressortir le potentiel de l’initiative pour des multinationales responsables en tant que moteur de réformes longtemps attendues
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Les conditions disputées d’un approvisionnement « responsable » en or. Vigilance, traçabilité et transparence dans le secteur suisse de l’affinage
Get PDFCet article analyse les conditions de responsabilité de la chaîne d’approvisionnement de l’or importé et affiné en Suisse. Partant du paradoxe que constitue le rôle de garant joué par un secteur qui procède dans le même temps à effacer les traces du passé potentiellement litigieux de l’or, il examine les luttes et les enjeux juridiques au travers desquels les revendications d’approvisionnement responsable sont établies. Il détaille les modalités plurielles de responsabilité mises en œuvre par le devoir de vigilance, la traçabilité et la transparence. L’article suggère que le statut ambigu de l’or comme actif monétaire et comme marchandise neutralise les liens de propriété et de provenance pourtant centraux à l’identification, à l’imputabilité et à la vérification des responsabilités
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Valueworks: Effects of Financialization along the Copper Value Chain
No full textBased on two years of research in Zambia, Switzerland and China, the interdisciplinary research project Valueworks based at the University of Basel and funded by SNIS examined the supply and value chain of one metal, copper, across three countries, Zambia, Switzerland and China. Researchers, NGOs, civil society activists and one international organization aimed to map the actors involved and the “value captured” along the copper value chain between Zambia and China. Our key interest was the role of Switzerland, host to the world’s most important commodity trading hub, and its impact on lifeworlds along the copper value chain.
The Executive Summary offers a summary of the results, some avenues for their practical application, open questions and a detailed list of past activities and past and forthcoming publications. It also lists policy recommendations for Swiss policy makers at regulatory, political, scientific and institutional levels
Chinese Engagement Abroad in the Scrap Business
Get PDFThis paper explores the changing nature of Chinese engagement abroad in the scrap business. Based on primary sources and interviews conducted by the author, it identifies the factors that, at different times, led Chinese scrap dealers and recyclers to extend the scope of their professional activity beyond the borders of their home country. Drawing on recent scholarship in discard studies, the author argues that it is necessary to move beyond the environmental dumping narrative in order to better understand Chinese national policy and its implications. This narrative serves as the main official justification for the bans on imports of recyclable waste that the central government adopted in recent years. However, there is good reason to believe that, by adopting a highly restrictive stance on the international waste trade, the central government sought first and foremost to bolster the municipal solid waste management sector within China. In turn, official support for domestic industrial players makes it possible for some Chinese corporations to emerge as providers of waste collection and recycling services at the international level. The trend, described in the paper, has already begun. It marks a shift from globalisation from below to globalisation from above
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