1,721,055 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Interferometrische Schalter für die rein-optische Signalverarbeitung
No full textDie vorliegende Arbeit untersucht rein-optische Interferometerschalter basierend auf Halbleiterlaserverstärkern (SOA) bezüglich ihrer Anwendung in der optischen Signalverarbeitung. Das Ziel ist die Entwicklung von Schaltern für Anwendungen in hochbitratigen Übertragungssystemen (160 Gbits und mehr) basierend auf optischer Zeitmultiplextechnik (optical time division multiplexing - OTDM). In OTDM-Systemen werden hohe Übertragungsdatenraten von 160 Gbits auf einer einzigen Wellenlänge durch zeitliches Verschachteln optischer Signale niedrigerer Datenrate (Basisdatenrate) erreicht. In solchen 160 Gbits OTDM-Systemen werden Schaltzeiten in der Größenordnung weniger Pikosekunden benötigt, die mit elektrischen Schaltkonzepten nicht erreichbar sind. Im Laufe der letzten drei Jahre ist die Basisdatenrate in OTDM-Systemen von 10 auf 40 Gbits angestiegen. Deshalb wird insbesondere der Einfluß einer erhöhten Basisdatenrate auf das Schaltverhalten von SOA-basierten Interferometerschaltern im Detail betrachtet. Interferometerschalter bestehen aus einem nichtlinearen Medium, in diesem Fall einem SOA, eingefügt in ein Interferometer. Der Schalteffekt beruht auf Kreuzphasenmodulation im nichtlinearen Medium. Deshalb ist die Brechungsindexänderung im SOA durch starke optische Steuerpulse und die damit verbundene Phasenänderung für ein optisches Signal (Phasendynamik) von besonderer Bedeutung. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde die Phasendynamik von konventionell und Gewinn-Transparent (GT) betriebenen SOAs unter verschiedenen Operationsbedingungen untersucht. Basierend auf diesen Messungen wurden die SOAs im Hinblick auf ihren Einsatz in Interferometerschaltern verglichen und die optimalen Betriebsparameter bestimmt. Im folgenden wurden drei Interferometerschalter mit GT-SOAs als nichtlinearem Medium und unterschiedlichen Konfigurationen - Semiconductor Laser Amplifier in a LOop Mirror (SLALOM), Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI), Ultrafast-Nonlinear Interferometer (UNI) - realisiert. Zur Charakterisierung der Schalter und einem Vergleich bezüglich der Anwendung in OTDM-Systemen, wurden Schaltfenster gemessen und mittels verschiedener Kriterien, z.B. der Schaltfensterbreite und des Schaltkontrastes, ausgewertet. Schaltfensterbreiten von 3-4 ps und Schaltkontraste über 25 dB (ca. 316:1) wurden erreicht. Abschließend wurden die besten Schalter für Anwendungen als Demultiplexer, Add-Drop Multiplexer und zum Abtasten hochbitratiger Datensignale in 160 Gbits OTDM-Sytemen mit 10 und 40 Gbits Basisdatenrate getestet. Fehlerfreies Demultiplexen von 160 Gbits auf die Basisdatenraten 10 und 40 Gbits mit einem GT-UNI Schalter konnte sowohl im Labor als auch in einem Feldexperiment demonstriert werden. Mit einem GT-UNI in einer modifizierten Konfiguration konnte zum ersten Mal Add-Drop Multiplexen bei 160 Gbits mit einem SOA-basierten Schalter gezeigt werden.This work investigates all-optical interferometric gates based on Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (SOA) for all-optical signal processing. The objective is to realize gates for applications in high bit rate transmission systems (160 Gbit/s and above) based on optical time division multiplexing (OTDM). In OTDM systems, a high TDM bit rate of 160 Gbit/s is realized on a single wavelength by bit-interleaving a number of optical signals with a lower bit rate (base data rate). The gating times needed in 160 Gbit/s OTDM systems are on the order of ps, which cannot be realized with electrical gates. Over the last three years, the base data rate in OTDM systems has increased from 10 to 40 Gbit/s. The influence of the higher base data rate on SOA based interferometric gates is addressed in detail within this work. Interferometric gates consist of a nonlinear medium, in this case an SOA, incorporated in an interferometer setup. The switching effect is based on cross-phase modulation (XPM) in the nonlinear medium. Thus the response of the SOA refractive index upon saturation by a strong optical pulse and the associated phase shift (phase dynamics) is of major importance. The phase dynamics of SOAs, operated in conventional and gain-transparent (GT) mode, are measured in this work under different operation conditions. Based on the results, the SOAs are compared with respect to interferometric switching and the optimum operation parameters are derived. Subsequently, interferometric SOA gates based on three different interferometer setups, namely the Semiconductor Laser Amplifier in a LOop Mirror (SLALOM), the Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) and the Ultrafast-Nonlinear Interferometer (UNI) are realized using GT-SOAs. The gates are characterized by switching window measurements. The switching windows are evaluated using different criteria, such as the switching window width and the on-off contrast ratio to compare the gates with respect to their application in OTDM systems. Switching window widths of 3 to 4 ps and on-off contrast ratios above 25 dB (about 316:1) are achieved. Finally, the most promising gates are tested in OTDM system experiments as demultiplexer, add-drop multiplexer and sampling gate, at TDM bit rates up to 160 Gbit/s and base data rates of 10 Gbit/s and 40 Gbit/s. Error-free operation of a GT-UNI gate as 160 Gbit/s demultiplexer at 10 and 40 Gbit/s base data rate is demonstrated in the laboratory as well as in a field experiment. Using a GT-UNI with a modified configuration, add-drop multiplexing at 160 Gbit/s is achieved for the first time with an SOA based gate
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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