196,357 research outputs found
Evaluating the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on HIV Testing, Enrollment, ART Use and Mortality in Suriname Using Interrupted Time Series Analysis
No full textOur study evaluates the changes in HIV testing, new enrollments in the HIV surveillance system, treatment, and mortality of people with HIV during and after the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic in Suriname. A retrospective population-based study was conducted, using interrupted time series analyses with data from the HIV surveillance system from January 2013 until December 2023. The commencement of the COVID-19 pandemic lead to a decline in HIV testing, enrollment, treatment initiation, and the annual number of individuals receiving treatment, respectively, by 16%, 32%, 40%, and 2% in 2020 compared to 2019. The mortality rate among people with HIV went from 7.8 in 2019 to 26 per 100,000 in 2022. The regression model showed an immediate significant effect at the start of the COVID pandemic for the HIV enrollments and the yearly number of people on treatment. For HIV mortality there is significant sustained effect. An overall decline in HIV services resulted in an increased mortality in 2021 and 2022. Innovative strategies and additional human and financial investments are needed to regain and improve access to health services and reverse the current epidemical trend.We extend our appreciation to the different pharmacies, testing sites, laboratories and clinics who regularly report data on provided HIV services. Without their invaluable support we could not have developed the HIV patient master index which serves as the basis for many of our analysis
Screening for Atrial Fibrillation in Belgium: a multicentre trial
No full textScreening for Atrial Fibrillation (AF) in Belgium: a multicentre trial
Claes Neree, Goethals Marnix, Goethals Peter, Mairesse Georges, Schwagten Bruno,
Nuyens Dieter, Schrooten Ward, Vijgen Johan
Introduction
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice. The estimated prevalence is 0.4-1% in the general population, increasing with age to 8% in those older than 80y - . Epidemiological data of this arrhythmia in Belgium are scarce. It is important to screen for AF because patients with AF have a 5 times more risk for an ischemic stroke . The CHA2DS2-VASscore calculates the risk for stroke in those patients, a score ≥2 necessitate a therapy with anticoagulants .
Methods
Patients above 40 years were invited through different channels (TV, radio, journals, website, posters, leaflets) for a free screening in 69 hospitals allocated over Belgium during one week. After filling in a question on their personal history of AF, they had to fill in a questionnaire about their CHAD2-score. Afterwards a one channel ECG was taken using a versatile Heart Scan Device (Omron HCG-801-E©) by a trained nurse or a physician. If the ECG was positive for AF the patient was referred to their physician for follow-up. An Access database was constructed to collect the data and statistics were done in SPSS.
Results
11.550 patients were screened. 38% are male and 62% are female with a mean age of 59y (+/-SD 11). 860 patients declared a history of AF (7.4%), 10.188 had no history of AF and in 502 the history was missing. 229 (1.9%) of the total population had AF on the one lead ECG where 148 were newly detected. According the CHADS2 68 patients had a score of 0, 70 of 1 and 91 of ≥2. For the CHA2DS2-VASscore the distribution was as follows: 14 patients with 0, 46 with 1 and 169 with ≥2.
Conclusion
Screening campaigns are feasible and able to detect 2% of patients with AF. A significant proportion of these patients are at risk for trombo-embolic event.
Go AS, Hylek EM, Philips KA et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhytm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. JAMA 2001;285:2370-5.
Furberg CD, Psaty BM, Manolio TA, et al. Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in elderly subjects (the Cardiovascular Health Study). Am J Cardiol 1994; 7:236-41.
Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial Fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: teh Framingham Study. Stroke 1991;22:983-8.
Lip G, Pisters R, Crijns H. Refining clinical risk stratification using a novel risk factor based approach: The Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation. Chest 2010;137:263-72.Sanofi Aventi
Screening for Atrial Fibrillation in Belgium: a multicentre trial
No full textScreening for Atrial Fibrillation (AF) in Belgium: a multicentre trial
Claes Neree, Goethals Marnix, Goethals Peter, Mairesse Georges, Schwagten Bruno,
Nuyens Dieter, Schrooten Ward, Vijgen Johan
Introduction
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice. The estimated prevalence is 0.4-1% in the general population, increasing with age to 8% in those older than 80y - . Epidemiological data of this arrhythmia in Belgium are scarce. It is important to screen for AF because patients with AF have a 5 times more risk for an ischemic stroke . The CHA2DS2-VASscore calculates the risk for stroke in those patients, a score ≥2 necessitate a therapy with anticoagulants .
Methods
Patients above 40 years were invited through different channels (TV, radio, journals, website, posters, leaflets) for a free screening in 69 hospitals allocated over Belgium during one week. After filling in a question on their personal history of AF, they had to fill in a questionnaire about their CHAD2-score. Afterwards a one channel ECG was taken using a versatile Heart Scan Device (Omron HCG-801-E©) by a trained nurse or a physician. If the ECG was positive for AF the patient was referred to their physician for follow-up. An Access database was constructed to collect the data and statistics were done in SPSS.
Results
11.550 patients were screened. 38% are male and 62% are female with a mean age of 59y (+/-SD 11). 860 patients declared a history of AF (7.4%), 10.188 had no history of AF and in 502 the history was missing. 229 (1.9%) of the total population had AF on the one lead ECG where 148 were newly detected. According the CHADS2 68 patients had a score of 0, 70 of 1 and 91 of ≥2. For the CHA2DS2-VASscore the distribution was as follows: 14 patients with 0, 46 with 1 and 169 with ≥2.
Conclusion
Screening campaigns are feasible and able to detect 2% of patients with AF. A significant proportion of these patients are at risk for trombo-embolic event.
Go AS, Hylek EM, Philips KA et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhytm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. JAMA 2001;285:2370-5.
Furberg CD, Psaty BM, Manolio TA, et al. Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in elderly subjects (the Cardiovascular Health Study). Am J Cardiol 1994; 7:236-41.
Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial Fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: teh Framingham Study. Stroke 1991;22:983-8.
Lip G, Pisters R, Crijns H. Refining clinical risk stratification using a novel risk factor based approach: The Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation. Chest 2010;137:263-72.Sanofi Aventi
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
Virtual migrant communities. "Orkut" and the Brazilian case
No full textSchrooten M. Virtual migrant communities. "Orkut" and the Brazilian case. COMCAD Arbeitspapiere - working papers, 80. Bielefeld: COMCAD - Center on Migration, Citizenship and Development; 2010.This paper attempts to provide some insights into ethnography on the internet, more specifically research on the use of Social Network Sites (SNSs) by migrants. Starting from the Brazilian migrant communities in Europe, it raises the question of the usability of the analysis of virtual migrant communities for the study of transnational networks. Can offline and online observations be combined? Does virtual research lead to high quality data? The paper illustrates the methodology of virtual research by exploring the example of the online social network site "Orkut" which is enormously popular among Brazilians, both among those who are residing within Brazil as among those who migrate. Providing an important resource for migrants from different social classes, Orkut plays a significant role as an access gate to information and as a place where the status of Brazilian migrants can be discussed. It also functions as a stage to re-affirm Brazilian nationality. Within the variety of Brazilian websites, magazines and satellite channels, Orkut is often mentioned as the most important application to keep in touch with other Brazilians inside and outside Brazil. Recognizing the growing importance of SNSs such as Orkut, a growing body of scholarship addresses several aspects of these sites and the practices they enable. Most scholars recognise the importance of these SNSs for community formation and the formation of a diasporic public sphere. This paper highlights the significance of social network sites as a topic of research. The fact that participation on social network sites leaves online traces offers unprecedented opportunities for researchers. Even so, because of the relatively recentness of SNSs, there are some methodological and ethical limitations. These will also be discussed and further explored
Workers' Remittances to Former Soviet States
No full textWorkers' remittances are an important source of external finance for many former Soviet countries. Nevertheless, the determinants of remittances are only rarely analyzed. Using panel-data estimation techniques the study comes to the following major results: Remittances are highly persistent. They can only be partly explained by income. Furthermore, the performance of the domestic banking sector and the access of the private sector to credit play an important role. Better international integration and a better quality of institutions lead to an increase in remittances.remittances, migration, economic development, panel data model
COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF CHILDHOOD TONSILLECTOMY COMPARED TO WATCHFUL WAITING: IMPACT OF ECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITY LOSS CAUSED BY PARENTS’ WORK ABSENTEEISM
No full textIntroduction and aim: Tonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in children. The main reason for performing this surgery is recurrent episodes of acute tonsillitis. Economic loss of productivity caused by parents’ work absenteeism is an underestimated factor in the total cost linked to children’s illness. The aim of this study was to investigate the cost-effectiveness of tonsillectomy compared to watchful waiting in children with recurrent episodes of acute tonsillitis and the role of economic productivity loss in this calculation.
Materials and Methods: 275 parents of children undergoing tonsillectomy in Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg provided information about their work absenteeism caused by their children’s surgery. Information about the work absence for an episode of acute tonsillitis was provided retrospectively. Information was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Socio-economic costs caused by the parents’ productivity loss were assessed based on the total labor cost calculated by the NIS in 2000 and converted to the year 2008. Costs of surgical procedure and hospital stay were calculated on resource use and personnel input in the participating Hospital. Hospitalization risk after tonsillectomy was considered to be comparable to hospitalization rate for acute tonsillitis.
Results: An episode of acute tonsillitis in the child results in a longer period of parents’ work absenteeism (mean:3.79 days, 95% CI:3.27-4.31) compared to tonsillectomy (mean:2.97 days, 95%, CI:2.61-3.31) leading to a higher cost of economic productivity loss caused by tonsillitis (746.06€) compared to tonsillectomy (584.65€). The general costs linked to surgical procedure correspond to 605.45€ per child. The general costs linked to an acute tonsillitis are estimated at 186.46€.
Conclusions: In children suffering from recurrent episodes of acute tonsillitis, watchful waiting results in a higher economic loss of productivity compared to tonsillectomy. At the level of cost-effectiveness, 1.2 episodes of acute tonsillitis per year justify a tonsillectomy.
(totale kost TE = 1190.102€, totale kost angina = 967.959€
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