1,720,968 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Studies on manufacturing techniques of silver jewellery from the Late Iron Age to Roman Times in Central Europe
No full textDie Studie beschäftigt sich mit den in der Latènezeit und der römischen Kaiserzeit zur Herstellung von Silberschmuck angewandten Techniken.
Im Gegensatz zu Gold und Kupfer gewinnt der Werkstoff Silber in Mitteleuropa erst ab der Latènezeit an Bedeutung. In der römischen Kaiserzeit ist ein weiterer Bedeutungszuwachs zu verzeichnen. In diesem Zusammenhang stellt sich die Frage, ob mit der zunehmenden Nutzung dieses Edelmetalls eine Entwicklung des technischen Kenntnisstandes in der Ver- und Bearbeitung der unterschiedlichen Metalle und ihren Legierungen einhergeht.
Über die formenkundliche Ansprache hinaus wurden makro- und mikroskopische Untersuchungen durchgeführt, vor allem an Fallbeispielen aus der Schweiz und Süddeutschland. Zusätzlich konnten einzelne Metallanalysen mit ED-XRF und ergänzende experimentelle Studien neue Aspekte zu technischen Fragestellungen erbringen.
An ausgewählten Schmuckfunden wird veranschaulicht, mit welchen technischen Mitteln und Verfahren das Material Silber in den hier behandelten Zeitepochen ver- und bearbeitet wurde und welche Techniken dagegen bei der Herstellung vergleichbarer Gold- und Buntmetallobjekte eingesetzt worden sind.
Dabei werden die Grenzen und Möglichkeiten in der Untersuchung archäologischer Silberfunde aufgezeigt sowie Beispiele für die Erkennbarkeit formgebender und verbindender Techniken in der Herstellung von Silberschmuck veranschaulicht. In diesem Zusammenhang werden auch die Erkenntnisse aus Experimenten vorgestellt, insbesondere die verschiedener Experimente zum Löten mit metallischen Lotlegierungen und Reaktionslot sowie deren analytischer Unterscheidbarkeit.
Eine technische Entwicklung wird insbesondere über die Nutzung unterschiedlicher Verbindungstechniken erkennbar, vor allem die der Löt- und Schweißtechniken. In der lokalen latènezeitlichen Herstellung von Silberschmuck wurden anspruchsvolle Löt- und Ziertechniken, wie Reaktionslöten und Granulation, zumeist umgangen, obwohl sie aus der zeitgleichen Goldbearbeitung bekannt waren. Für die provinzialrömische Silberbearbeitung ist dagegen eine deutliche Zunahme verschiedener Hart- und Weichlöttechniken zu beobachten, auch wenn alternative Verfahren, wie das Nieten, weiterhin häufig eingesetzt wurden. Damit einhergehend lässt sich für den behandelten Zeitraum eine zunehmende Spezialisierung innerhalb des Feinschmiedehandwerks postulieren.
Darüber hinaus ergeben sich deutliche Unterschiede in der Zusammensetzung der verwendeten Silberlegierungen. Sowohl die wenigen publizierten als auch die im Rahmen der Arbeit durchgeführten Metallanalysen zeigen den Einsatz hochwertiger Silberlegierungen von über 90 % Ag in der Latènezeit, andererseits eine starke Streuung von hochwertigen Legierungen bis hin zu Legierungen mit einem nur geringen Silbergehalt von ca. 40 % Ag zur Herstellung von Silberschmuck in den römischen Provinzen. Im 2. und der 1. Hälfte des 3. Jhs. n. Chr. wurden viele der Objekte aus Silberlegierungen hergestellt, die weniger als 80 % Ag aufweisen. Einige dieser Legierungen zeigen Gehalte an Zinn und insbesondere Zink, welches offensichtlich in Form von Messing hinzugefügt wurde, anders als die analysierten latènezeitlichen Silberlegierungen, die nur aus Silber und Kupfer hergestellt wurden. Im Gegensatz zur Latènezeit werden viele von den römischen Silberschmuckstücken wohl nicht mehr nur als reine Wertobjekte gedient haben, sondern auch als normaler alltäglicher Schmuck getragen worden sein.
Die Arbeit gliedert sich in einen Textteil (Teil 1) und einen Katalog der untersuchten Schmuckfunde sowie Tafeln mit Fotos dieser Fundstücke (Teil 2).The thesis deals with the manufacturing techniques in the production of silver jewellery in the Late Iron Age and Roman Times.
In Central Europe the production of silver jewellery did not become of considerable importance until the Latène period. By this time the use of gold and non-ferrous metals was already traditionally established. The significance of silver increases in Roman Times, arising the question of technical diversity. The study looks into the technological differences in the production processes of silver jewellery in the periods considered and the changes in handling the different metals and their alloys.
The manufacturing techniques were studied using macro photographs and an optical stereo-microscope. In addition some ED-XRF analyses and experimental studies could be undertaken to get new aspects concerning technological questions. Mainly objects from South Germany and Switzerland were investigated.
Selected examples of jewellery objects are presented to show the technical methods used in the processing and working of silver in the Late Iron Age and Roman Times and to compare these with the production techniques of corresponding objects made of gold and non-ferrous metals.
The limitations and possibilities in the investigation of archaeological silver objects are shown and characteristic features to identify forming and joining techniques in the manufacturing of silver jewellery are illustrated. In this context the experimental observations are demonstrated, especially those concerning soldering with metal alloys and reaction soldering as well as their analytic differentiation.
A technological development is evident mainly in the use of different joining techniques, such as soldering and welding techniques. In the Latène period sophisticated soldering and decoration techniques, such as reaction soldering and granulation, were mostly avoided in the local production of silver jewellery, although they were well known in the processing of gold in the same period. In the manufacturing of silver jewellery in Roman Times an increase of different hard and soft soldering techniques can be recognized, although alternative techniques, such as riveting, were still used frequently. Coincidently, an increasing specialization of the metalworking craftsmanship within the discussed periods can be taken into consideration.
Furthermore clear differences are shown in the composition of the applied silver alloys. A few published data as well as own analyses show the use of high purity silver alloys with more than 90 % Ag in the production of jewellery in the Latène period, whereas in Roman times there is a wide spread from high contents of silver down to about 40 % Ag. In the 2nd century and the first half of the 3rd century AD many objects are made of silver alloys with contents lower than 80 % Ag. Some of these alloys show contents of tin and especially zinc, which obviously was added as brass, unlike the analysed silver alloys of the Latène period, which were only made of silver and copper. In contrast to the Latène period many of the Roman objects of silver jewellery seem to be produced not only as objects demonstrating prestige but rather as everyday used jewellery.
The publication is divided into a text volume (Teil 1) and a volume including a catalogue of the investigated objects and plates with photographs of these objects (Teil 2)
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
