1,721,039 research outputs found
Experimental Evidence
No full textMarkets for expert services are characterized by information asymmetries between experts and consumers. We analyze the effects of consumer information, where consumers suffer from either a minor or serious problem and only experts can infer the appropriate treatment. Consumer information is a noisy signal that is informative about a consumer’s problem severity. In a laboratory experiment, we show that consumers are generally reluctant to accept expensive treatment recommendations, which is endorsed by good signals and fundamentally changed by bad signals. Experts condition their cheating on a consumer’s risk of suffering from a serious problem if they can observe consumer information. Accordingly, experts and low-risk consumers benefit at the expense of more frequently cheated high-risk consumers. Consumer information leads to more appropriate treatments being carried out and thus superior overall welfare. In contrast to our theoretical predictions, this effect does not depend on hiding consumer information for experts
Experimental Evidence
No full textMarkets for expert services are characterized by information asymmetries between experts and consumers. We analyze the effects of consumer information, where consumers suffer from either a minor or serious problem and only experts can infer the appropriate treatment. Consumer information is a noisy signal that is informative about a consumer’s problem severity. In a laboratory experiment, we show that consumers are generally reluctant to accept expensive treatment recommendations, which is endorsed by good signals and fundamentally changed by bad signals. Experts condition their cheating on a consumer’s risk of suffering from a serious problem if they can observe consumer information. Accordingly, experts and low-risk consumers benefit at the expense of more frequently cheated high-risk consumers. Consumer information leads to more appropriate treatments being carried out and thus superior overall welfare. In contrast to our theoretical predictions, this effect does not depend on hiding consumer information for experts
Consumer information in a market for expert services: Experimental evidence
No full texthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347 Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschun
Tim Schneider, Artnet, in Conversation with Christine Kuan, Sotheby’s Institute of Art
No full textSotheby’s Institute of Art-New York CEO/Director Christine Kuan is delighted to host a conversation with leading art market expert Tim Schneider. Tim Schneider is the Art Business Editor for Artnet News, the co-producer of the Artnet News podcast The Art Angle, and the writer behind the Gray Market, the conversation-starting industry-analysis column. His work combines nearly a decade of firsthand experience in the gallery sector with insights gleaned from research into economics, technology, data analysis, and related subjects. In 2017 he released his first book, The Great Reframing: How Technology Will—and Won’t—Change the Gallery System Forever. He lives and works in New York.https://digitalcommons.sia.edu/speaker/1018/thumbnail.jp
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effect of a 2D-Modification of Cs2AgBiBr6 on Nucleation and Contact Formation of Subsequently Deposited Hole Transport Layers as Revealed by In Situ Growth Studies
Full text link: A two-dimensional (2D) perovskite interlayer prepared by modification of a three-dimensional (3D) perovskite absorber with organic ammonium ions such as butylammonium (BA+) or phenethylammonium (PEA+) between the 3D perovskite and contact layers is widely known to significantly improve the performance of perovskite solar cells. This has also been confirmed previously for the lead-free double perovskite absorber Cs2AgBiBr6. In this work, film growth of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) or pentacene (Pn), used as model hole transport materials (HTM), was investigated. Mimicking solar cell geometry, the HTMs were evaporated onto thin films of 2D perovskites BA4AgBiBr8 or PEA4AgBiBr8, as well as on 3D Cs2AgBiBr6, either in its pristine form or after modification by BA+ or PEA+. The morphology and work function were inspected intermittently with respect to the evaporation of the HTMs by Kelvin probe force microscopy at different average film thicknesses. By these means, the origin of device improvements following a 2D-modification in contact with HTMs, as established earlier, was revealed by analyzing in detail the interface of the HTM with the respective perovskite starting at monolayer coverage and proceeding toward bulk thickness. On modified Cs2AgBiBr6, the energy alignment between the perovskite and the HTM was found to be well confined, and the growth of both HTMs was improved compared to pristine Cs2AgBiBr6. HTM growth occurred more homogeneously and led to layer formation, even at early stages of deposition. For CuPc as HTM, these changes were accompanied by preferential formation of needles in a crystal phase different from that formed on pristine Cs2AgBiBr6, as also detected on 2D PEA4AgBiBr8. Pn formed large dendritic islands on the 2D perovskites as well as on layered terraces formed upon ammonium modification of Cs2AgBiBr6, in contrast to the growth of small grains on pristine Cs2AgBiBr6. Implications of these observed changes in film growth and energy level alignment on the observed contact characteristics with the HTMs in model solar cells are discussed. Insight into the mechanism of improving perovskite-based devices by use of 2D/3D perovskite heterostructures is, thereby, provided by these measurements using CuPc or Pn as model HTMs
The victim matters – experimental evidence on lying, moral costs and moral cleansing
No full textIn an experiment on moral cleansing with an endogenously manipulated moral self-image, we examine the role of the addressee of an immoral action. We find that cheating is highest and moral cleansing lowest when subjects cheat at the expense of the experimenter, while cheating is lowest and moral cleansing highest once cheating harms another participant. A subsequent measurement of subjects\’ moral self-image supports our interpretation that the occurrence of moral cleansing crucially depends on the moral costs resulting from immoral actions directed at individuals in different roles. Our results can help to explain the different propensity to cheat and conduct moral cleansing when immoral actions harm either another person or representatives of organizations
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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