125,168 research outputs found
Polietina Schnabl & Dziedzicki
No full textGenus Polietina Schnabl & Dziedzicki Polietina Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911: 218. Type species, Aricia pruinosa Macquart (as pruinosus Bigot) (orig. des.). Refs.: de Carvalho & Couri, 2002 a: 51 (key to species); Nihei & de Carvalho, 2005: 313–326 (species distribution); Nihei & de Carvalho, 2007 b: 477 -501 (key to species, phylogeny, biogeography). Poecilophaonia Malloch, 1921 b: 171. Type species, Aricia flavithorax Stein (orig. des.). Smithomyia Malloch, 1921 a: 42. Type species, Mydaea concinna Wulp (orig. des.). Chaetypopleura Enderlein, 1927: 52. Type species, steini Enderlein (orig. des.). Lasiomala Enderlein, 1927: 52. Type species, Aricia flavithorax Stein (orig. des.).Published as part of Pérez, Sandra & De Carvalho, Claudio J. B., 2016, FAMILY MUSCIDAE, pp. 814-853 in Zootaxa 4122 (1) on page 821, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4122.1.70, http://zenodo.org/record/25648
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Die Kärntner Landesverfassung von 1849 sowie ihre Wurzeln und Auswirkungen
No full textDisertacija o koroški deželni ustavi iz leta 1849 ter njenih širših izvorov in posledic je temeljno zgodovinopisno delo, ki sloni na izvirni raziskavi in analizi zgodovinskih virov, na inovativnih interdisciplinarnih pristopih ter na terenskem delu. Razkriva številne nove aspekte regionalne ustavno-pravne, pravne, politične ter socialne in jezikovne zgodovine. Združuje znanstvene metode in pristope različnih zgodovinopisnih in znanstvenih šol, tako avstrijskega ustavno-pravnega zgodovinopisja, družbeno-političnega zgodovinopisja novejšega časa v Republiki Sloveniji ter francosko tradicijo strokovne terminologije in se s tem metodično in sistemsko uvršča v izviren evropski medkulturni znanstveni diskurz.
Namen je dokazati, da je deželna ustava iz leta 1849 vsekakor pravno-zgodovinsko in znanstveno-teoretično relevantna (in s tem disertabilna), četudi do sedaj še ni bila širše recipirana in vključena v pravno in politično zgodovinopisje tako na avstrijskem Koroškem in v Avstriji kot v Sloveniji. Namen je tudi dokazati, da je bila ustava veljavna in vsaj delno uveljavljena, četudi gotovo ne v vseh njenih delih, ter da je zagotovo imela ustavno-pravne posledice in da je vsekakor bila umeščena v takratni pravni in tudi družbeni sistem kronovin habsburške monarhije.
Hkrati je namen dokazati, da je to dejstvo imelo določene zelo konkretne posledice za deželo Koroško (npr. dvojezični deželni zakonik med letoma 1850 in 1859, uradni dvojezični krajevni imeniki za célo deželo ter v določeni meri glede njenih družbenih učinkov celó ustanovitev Mohorjeve) ter da je tudi še danes relevantna za zgodovino oz. zgodovinopisje Avstrije in avstrijske Koroške ter koroških Slovencev in Slovencev v habsburški monarhiji. Sama edicija zgodovinskih krajevnih imenikov predstavlja najobširnejši sklad regionalnih slovenskih endonimov ter empirični in pravno-normativni prikaz jezikovnega stanja v deželi od sredine 19. stoletja dalje.
Prosopografija številnih akterjev presega tradicionalne izključujoče se etnične kategorije »lastnega« in »tujega« oz. »odtujenega« in omogoča nova spoznanja o družbenih razvojih tega časa. Posebej zanimive so številne kratke biografije vse-avstrijskih akterjev, saj so bogat vir informacije za slovensko ciljno publiko, ker so biografije, ki se v veliki meri naslanjajo na avstrijske (oz. neslovenske) vire, obogatene z dognanji iz “slovenske” perspektive in/ali prvič predstavljajo osebnosti v njihovem zgodovinskem in ustavno- ali državno-pravnem zgodovinskem kontekstu slovenski publiki.
Obsežne raziskave zgodovinopisne terminologije prispevajo k medkulturnem znanstvenem diskurzu, saj so bistvene za preseganje kognitivnih disonanc tudi v znanosti.
Aspekti starejše zgodovine služijo kot konceptualni državno-pravni okvir, saj potrjujejo aspekte zgodovinske in pravne kontinuitete, ki so relevantni za razumevanje umestitve koroške deželne ustave v družbenem kontekstu: Personalni princip je rezultat inovativnih terenskih in arhivskih raziskav o kosezih s Celovškega polja, katerih pravne sledi lahko zaznamujemo v nekaterih današnjih katastrskih občinah, torej v aktualnem avstrijskem pravnem sistemu. Prikaz političnih pojmov in enot na širšem geografskem območju (Notranja Avstrija, Ilirske province, kraljevina Ilirija) prispeva k razumevanju njihovih državno-pravnih funkcij tudi v luči kasnejših ustavnih razvojev. Podroben prikaz vseh cislajtanskih državnih in koroških deželnih ustav ter njihovih volilnih redov habsburške dobe omogoča razumevanje zgodovinskih ustavno- in državno-pravnih razvojev ter predstavlja hkrati prvo monografsko predstavitev celotne tudi slovenske ustavne zgodovine v habsburški dobi.
Edicija slovenskih ustavnih dokumentov zgodnjekonstitucionalne dobe prvič združuje vsa ustavna zgodovinska besedila avstrijske polovice dvojne monarhije in je po svoje izvirno znanstveno delo, ki omogoča nadaljnje raziskave ustavnosti v ostalih t.i. slovenskih deželah oz. deželah z avtohtonim slovenskim prebivalstvom.Die Dissertation über die Kärntner Landesverfassung von 1849 sowie ihre Wurzeln und Auswirkungen ist ein grundlegendes Werk der Geschichtsschreibung, das auf der Erforschung und Analyse historischer Quellen, innovativen interdisziplinären Ansätzen und der Feldforschung beruht. Zahlreiche Aspekte der regionalen Verfassungs- und Rechtsgeschichte sowie der politischen, sozialen und Sprachgeschichte werden darin behandelt. Die Dissertation vereint wissenschaftliche Methoden und Ansätze verschiedener historiographischer und Wissenschaftsschulen, so u.a. der österreichischen Verfassungsgeschichte und der neueren politischen Geschichtsschreibung in Slowenien und reiht sich so methodisch in den europäischen interkulturellen Wissenschaftsdiskurs ein.
Ziel ist es darzustellen, dass die Landesverfassung von 1849 rechtshistorisch und wissenschaftstheoretisch relevant ist, obwohl sie bis dato kaum rezipiert wurde und weder in Österreich noch in Slowenien relevant in der rechtshistorischen und politischen Geschichtsschreibung berücksichtigt wurde.
Ziel ist es auch darzustellen, dass sie formell in Kraft trat und zumindest teilweise umgesetzt wurde, obwohl gewiss nicht in weiten Teilen, dass sie auch verfassungsrechtliche Auswirkungen hatte und dass sie im Rechts- und Gesellschaftssystem der habsburgischen Kronländer verankert war.
Ziel ist es auch, gewisse sehr konkrete Auswirkungen für das Land Kärnten darzustellen (z.B. zweisprachige Landesgesetzblätter von 1850 bis 1859, amtliche zweisprachige Ortsverzeichnisse für das ganze Land sowie gesellschaftpolitische Auswirkungen etwa bei der Gründung der Hermagoras) sowie dass sie bis heute relevant ist für die Geschichte bzw. die Geschichtsschreibung Österreichs und Kärntens sowie der Kärntner Slowenen und der Slowenen in der Habsburgermonarchie ist. Die Edition der historischen Ortsverzeichnisse stellt die umfassendste Quelle der regionalen slowenischen Endonyme sowie eine empirische und rechtshistorische Darstellung der Sprachsituation im Land ab der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts dar.
Die Prosopographie zahlreicher Akteure überwindet die traditionellen sich ausschließenden ethnischen Kategorien und ermöglicht neue Erkenntnisse über die gesellschaftlichen Verhältnisse jener Zeit. Zahlreich sind die Biographien jener Akteure, die entweder mit Erkenntnissen aus der „slowenischen“ Perspektive bereichert sind und/oder erstmals diese in ihrem historischen und staatsrechtlichem Kontext einem slowenischen Publikum präsentiert werden.
Die umfassenden Untersuchungen zur Terminologie der Geschichtsschreibung tragen zum interkulturellen Wissenschaftsdiskurs bei, da sie wesentlich zur Überwindung von kognitiven Dissonanzen auch in der Wissenschaft beitragen.
Aspekte der Älteren Geschichte dienen als konzeptueller staats- und rechtshistorischer Rahmen, da sie Aspekte der historischen und rechtlichen Kontinuität darstellen und relevant für die Einbettung der Kärntner Landesverfassung in ihrem historischen Kontext sind. Die Darstellung von Begriffen der politischen Geschichte und Entitäten im weiteren geographischen Raum tragen zum Verständnis ihrer staatsrechtlichen Funktion auch im Lichte der nachfolgenden Verfassungsentwicklungen bei. Die detaillierte Darstellung der cisleithanischen Staats- und der Kärntner Landesverfassungen sowie der Wahlordnungen aus habsburgischer Zeit stellen bis dato die erste umfassende monographische Darstellung der Verfassungsgeschichte in habsburgischer Zeit in slowenischer Sprache dar.
Die Edition slowenischsprachiger Verfassungsdokumente aus der frühkonstitutionellen Periode vereint erstmals alle relevanten Verfassungstexte der österreichischen Reichshälfte und spiegelt eine genuine wissenschaftliche Forschungsarbeit, die weiterführende Forschungen zur Verfassungsgeschichte in den anderen „slowenischen“ Ländern bzw. Ländern mit autochthonen slowenischen Bevölkerungsteilen ermöglicht
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Polietina Schnabl & Dziedzicki 1911
No full text<i>Polietina</i> Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911 <p> <i>Polietina</i> Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911: 218. Type species: <i>Aricia pruinosa</i> Macquart, 1846 [preocc. <i>Aricia pruinosa</i> Zetterstedt, 1845; = <i>Mydaea concinna</i> Wulp, 1896].</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Colouration yellowish-brown to blackish-brown with silver pruinosity; wing with maculae or infuscate on apex of Sc and R1, on apex of R2+3, and on r-m and dm-cu crossveins. Female with proclinate fronto-orbital seta (Figs. 1–2); parafrons weakly setulose on upper half; interfrontal seta present (Fig. 2). Dorsocentrals 2+3-4. Postsutural intra-alars 2; intrapostalar absent. Notopleurals 3 (one additional median, shorter than the usual two setae). Prosternum setulose. Katepisternals 1+2. Meron setulose. Postalar wall setulose (Fig. 12). Anterior suprasquamal ridge usually setulose. Wing with the apical portion of stem-vein usually setulose dorsally and ventrally; R1 setulose dorsally; Rs node and R4+5 setulose dorsally and ventrally; M setulose ventrally between r-m and dm-cu crossveins; M straight, subparallel to R4+5. Lower calypter glossiform (Fig. 12). Subcostal sclerite setulose ventrally. Calcar strong. Mid tibia with a strong submedian seta on ventral to posteroventral surface.</p> <p> <b>Comments.</b> A cladistic analysis supporting the monophyly and indicating the phylogenetic relationships among the species of <i>Polietina</i> was performed by Nihei and de Carvalho (2007b). Furthermore, its monophyly and the major relationships were recovered by the multi-gene analyses of Schuehli et al. (2007).</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b> (15 species). Nearctic (southern USA) and Neotropical.</p> <p> <b>References.</b> Albuquerque (1956), Couri and de Carvalho (1997), de Carvalho and Couri (2002), Nihei (2004), Nihei and de Carvalho (2007b).</p>Published as part of <i>Nihei, Silvio Shigueo & Carvalho, Claudio José Barros De, 2009, The Muscini flies of the world (Diptera, Muscidae): identification key and generic diagnoses, pp. 1-24 in Zootaxa 1976</i> on pages 18-19, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/185153">10.5281/zenodo.185153</a>
Noncommutative Geometry and String Field Theory
No full textThe thesis is organized as follows: In chapter 2 we explain basic ideas of noncommutative field theory, its stringy origin and various interesting properties.
We explain two of our papers, one with Bonora and Tomasiello [28] on anomalies, and another one with Bonora, Sheikh-Jabbari and Tomasiello [36] on the possibility of having SO(N) and Sp(N) gauge groups. Chapter 3 is devoted to the cubic string field theory. As there are not as many reviews as on the other subjects, we shall be slightly more detailed. We will discuss various formulations and approaches, and relations between them. vVe also
explain the Sen's conjectures which triggered much of the recent developments.
In chapter 4 we explain some properties of the string field algebra, the star product, the wedge states and in particular the identity state. Results here are mostly original. Chapter 5 discusses some approaches to the
problem of finding the exact solution for the tachyon condensate, which we consider to be an interesting and important problem. One section of that chapter is based on our paper [86], the other parts are new results. Chapter
6 sort of merges the two noncommutativities encountered above, it adds the B field into the string field theory. It is based on our paper [91] with some updates, especially regarding the K-theory. Finally chapter 7 deals with the
most mathematical aspects of noncommutative geometry and applies much of the fancy techniques to the problem of tachyon condensation on the torus. It is a simplified version of our paper with Krajewski [123]
Mechanisms of decompensation and organ failure in cirrhosis: From peripheral arterial vasodilation to systemic inflammation hypothesis
No full textThe peripheral arterial vasodilation hypothesis has been most influential in the field of cirrhosis and its complications. It has given rise to hundreds of pathophysiological studies in experimental and human cirrhosis and is the theoretical basis of life-saving treatments. It is undisputed that splanchnic arterial vasodilation contributes to portal hypertension and is the basis for manifestations such as ascites and hepatorenal syndrome, but the body of research generated by the hypothesis has revealed gaps in the original pathophysiological interpretation of these complications. The expansion of our knowledge on the mechanisms regulating vascular tone, inflammation and the host-microbiota interaction require a broader approach to advanced cirrhosis encompassing the whole spectrum of its manifestations. Indeed, multiorgan dysfunction and failure likely result from a complex interplay where the systemic spread of bacterial products represents the primary event. The consequent activation of the host innate immune response triggers endothelial molecular mechanisms responsible for arterial vasodilation, and also jeopardizes organ integrity with a storm of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Thus, the picture of advanced cirrhosis could be seen as the result of an inflammatory syndrome in contradiction with a simple hemodynamic disturbance
A note on consistent anomalies in noncommutative YM theories
No full textVia descent equations we derive formulas for consistent gauge anomalies in noncommutative Yang-Mills theorie
Calythea Schnabl & Dziedzicki
No full textCalythea Schnabl & Dziedzicki Calythea micropteryx species group <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Male holoptic. Body black in general color, bright silvery grey-dusting pruinosity on thorax and abdomen (Figs. 1-3). Frontal vitta, antenna and palp black. Gena and parafacialia black with silvery pruinosity (Figs. 1a, 2a, d, 3a, d, g). Anepimeron, anepisternum, and meron black, silvery pruinose (Figs. 2c, f). Prescutellar region, and postalar callus pruinose. Scutellum apically pruinose. Apical scutellar setae longer than basal and discal scutellar setae. Abdomen with 3 subtriangular dark spots basally connected on each abdominal tergite (Fig. 3c). Arista short pubescent. Presence of a keel on face, between antennae. Prosternum and katepimeron setulose. Meron bare or posteriorly setulose below spiracle. Katepisternum 1+2, covered by many long setae, including a differentiated seta discernible below the two posteriors one. Apex of scutellum ventrally setulose. Prealar short or absent. 1 supra-alars. 2 intra-alars. 2 postalars. Wing hyaline. Lower calypter 1.5 times larger than upper one. Fore tibia with one a seta. Hind tibia with 1 av (submedian), 2 ad (supramedian and submedian), 1 d (preapical), and a long pd (submedian) seta. Pulville small, similar to tarsomere width. Subcostal vein evenly bowed towards the Costal vein, without any sinuosity. Vein dm-m straight. Palpi claviform. Sternite 1 setulose. Sternite 5 with a serrated edge on its posterior incision (Figs.4a, e, i, m, q). Cerci triangular on posterior view (Figs. 4b, f, j, n, r). Pregonite with two long setae, postgonite with a median long seta and distiphallus very large and rounded (Figs. 4d, h, l, p, t). Female: Dichoptic; body dark brown, palpi claviform, twice enlarged than male; interfrontal setae present. Thorax with 3-5 longitudinal stripes. Katepisternum 1+2, without several long covered setae. Pulville smaller, about half of tarsomere width. Epiproct as long as its wide, tergite 6 and 7 T-shaped dorsally (Figs. 5b, e, h, k). Hypoproct longer than wide, sternite 6 and 7 trapezoid (Figs. 5c, f, i, l). Three spermathecae, one smaller with about half diameter of the others.</p> Identification key to the males of Calythea Schnabl & Dziedzicki species from Neotropical Region <p>The Palaearctic species C. nigricans Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 was erroneously recorded from Neotropical Region (Pont, 1974), and C. monticola Bigot, 1885 occurs in the Nearctic Region of Mexico and United States (Griffiths, 1987). Both species were not included in the key. The species C. costana Séguy, 1934 is only known from its type-locality in Uruguay, this species probably is not an Anthomyiidae,</p> <p>due to male terminalia and dorsocentrals setae 2+4, and also was not included in the key.</p> <p> <b>1.</b> Eyes setulose; thorax without pruinose near transversal suture (Fig. 3e); hind tibia with a pd seta 4 times longer than tibia width...................................................................... C. crenata Bigot, 1885</p> <p> <b>-</b> Eyes bare; thorax with pruinose near transversal suture (Fig. 1b, 2b, 3b, 3h); hind tibia with a pd seta 2-3 times longer than tibia width ….................................................................. 2</p> <p> <b>2 (1).</b> Face not projecting beyond frontal angle …......................... 3</p> <p> <b>-</b> Face projecting beyond frontal angle…..................................4</p> <p> <b>3 (2).</b> Palpi enlarged; frons with fronto-orbital plates separated by frontal vitta (Fig. 3a); anterior anepisternal seta twice longer than covered cilia; thorax pruinose from transversal suture, with a forward projection, reaching the anterior dorsocentral presutural seta (Fig. 3b) …........................................ C. comis Stein, 1911</p> <p> <b>-</b> Palpi slightly enlarged; frons at narrowest point with contiguous fronto-orbital plates (Fig. 3g); anterior anepisternal seta slightly longer than covered cilia; thorax pruinose from transversal suture, without forward projection, reaching anterior dorsocentral presutural seta (Fig. 3h) ….................................................................... C. micropteryx (Thomson, 1869)</p> <p> <b>4 (2).</b> Margin of calypters brownish; setulae on sternite 1 twice longer than length of sternite; postgonite distally not bilobate (Fig. 4d) …............................................... C. andina <b>new species</b></p> <p> <b>-</b> Margin of calypters whitish; setulae on sternite 1 slightly longer than length of sternite; postgonite distally bilobate (Fig. 4h) …................................... C. cochlearis <b>new species</b></p>Published as part of <i>Gomes, Lucas Roberto Pereira & Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de, 2022, Taxonomy of the Neotropical species of Calythea (Anthomyiidae: Diptera), with description of two new species from South America, pp. 1-11 in Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20210102) (e 20210102) 66 (1)</i> on pages 2-3, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2021-0102, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8111413">http://zenodo.org/record/8111413</a>
A Vicious Cycle of Manias, Crashes and Asymmetric Policy Responses - An Overinvestment View
No full textThe business cycles theories of Wicksell (1898), Schumpeter (1912), Mises (1912), Hayek (1929, 1935) and Minsky (1986, 1992) explain business cycles by distorted prices on capital markets, buoyant credit expansion and overinvestment. The exuberance during the boom endogenously causes the subsequent slump. While these theories put the emphasis on explaining the emergence of the cycle, this paper focuses on the macroeconomic policy responses during and after the crisis, when panic tightens credit supply. The paper allows an assessment of the long-term consequences of an asymmetric monetary and fiscal policy response to financial crisis.
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