1,720,956 research outputs found
Adição de queratinase em dietas contendo inibidores de tripsina para frangos de corte
Get PDFOrientadora : Profa. Dra. Jovanir Inês Müller FernandesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Palotina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal. Defesa: Palotina, 24/02/2017Inclui referênciasResumo: Esse trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da adição de queratinase em dietas contendo inibidores de tripsina sobre o desempenho produtivo, peso do pâncreas, rendimento e composição de carcaça e integridade intestinal de frangos de corte submetidos ou não a um modelo de desafio sanitário. Foram realizados dois experimentos. No experimento 1 foram alojados 1280 pintos em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 (com e sem a presença de soja x com e sem queratinase). A inclusão da queratinase foi de 250 g/tonelada. O desempenho das aves foi avaliado semanalmente até os 42 dias. Aos 21 e 42 dias de idade, o peso do pâncreas foi obtido para cálculo do peso relativo. Aos 42 dias foi determinado o rendimento de carcaça, avaliação da ocorrência de White Striping, resistência de pele e composição de carcaça. Aos 21 e 42 dias foram coletados segmentos intestinais para histomorfometria, contagem de caliciformes e Índice de Saúde intestinal (ISI). No experimento 2; 640 pintos foram alojados em gaiolas experimentais e distribuídos em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 (com e sem queratinase e com e sem desafio). As rações foram formuladas com farelo de soja subprocessado. O desafio foi promovido por meio da utilização de cama descartada. Aos 21 dias foi realizado o desempenho zootécnico das aves. Aos 14 e 21 dias foram coletados segmentos intestinais para histomorfometria, contagem de caliciformes e avaliação da saúde intestinal. No experimento 1, a suplementação da queratinase resultou em maior ganho de peso e a inclusão de soja crua em pior conversão alimentar aos 7 dias. Aos 21 dias, a associação entre a queratinase e a soja crua reduziu o peso do pâncreas. Aves suplementadas com a queratinase apresentaram maior rendimento de carcaça. A inclusão de soja crua resultou em maior elasticidade de pele. Aos 21 dias, aves que consumiram dieta com soja crua apresentaram menor relação V:C e maior número de criptas por vilo. A utilização da queratinase reduziu os escores de ISI aos 21 dias. No entanto, aos 42 dias a queratinase resultou em maior inflamação intestinal. No experimento 2, o desafio resultou em maior largura de cripta e menor relação vilo:cripta, aos 14 dias. Aves que sofreram o desafio e receberam a suplementação de queratinase apresentaram maior área de absorção do jejuno. Aos 21 dias, aves suplementadas com a queratinase apresentaram maior largura de vilo e as desafiadas, em maior número de caliciformes no jejuno. Aves que receberam dietas sem a inclusão da queratinase e foram desafiadas apresentaram maior número de caliciformes no duodeno. Resultado semelhante foi observado nas aves não desafiadas e que receberam a suplementação de queratinase. Aves desafiadas apresentaram maior escore de ISI aos 14 dias. Aos 21 dias, aves suplementadas com queratinase e desafiadas apresentaram maior inflamação intestinal. Portanto, a suplementação de queratinase resultou em melhora no desempenho e integridade intestinal na fase inicial de criação. Além disso, a associação da queratinase e soja crua resultou em redução no peso do pâncreas e da inflamação intestinal no íleo. Palavras-chave: desafio sanitário, globulinas, inflamação intestinalAbstract: The aim was to evaluate the effect of queratinase addition on diets containing trypsin inhibitors on the productive performance and intestinal health of broilers and under sanitary challenge. There were two trials; in the first one there were 1280 chicks housed in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (with and without raw soybean replacing deactivated soybean x with and without queratinase). The queratinase was added in the diets at a dose of 250 g/ton. The performance of the birds was weekly assessed. At 21 and 42 days of age, the weight of the pancreas was obtained in order to calculate the relative weight. At 42 days, the carcass yield was performed, assessment of White Striping, skin resistance and carcass composition. At 21 and 42 days, intestine fragments were collected for histomorphometry, goblet cell counting and intestinal health evaluation, applying the morphometric index "I See Inside" (ISI). In the second trial, there were 640 chicks housed in experimental cages and placed in a completely randomized design following a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (with and without queratinase and with and without challenge). The diets were calculated with subprocessed soybean meal. The challenge was promoted through the use of discarded bedding. At 21 days, the performance of the animals was obtained. At 14 and 21 days intestine fragments were collected for histomopho metry, goblet cell counting and intestinal health evaluation. The results were submitted to analysis of variance at the 5% level of significance using SAS. In the first trial, the queratinase supplementation showed higher weight gain and raw soybean worst feed conversion ratio at 7 days of age. At 21 days, the association of queratinase and raw soybean resulted in a reduction of pancreatic weight. Birds supplemented with queratinase showed higher carcass yield. The addition of raw soybean caused higher skin elasticity. At 21 days, birds that received the diet with raw saybean showed lower V:C and higher number of crypts per villi. The use of queratinase provided a decrease of the ISI scores at 21 days. However, at 42 days, the queratinase showed higher intestinal inflammation. In the second trial, the challenge resulted in larger crypts and lower V:C at 14 days. The birds that underwent the challenge and received the queratinase supplementation had higher absorption area of jejunum. At 21 days, birds supplemented with queratinase showed higher larger villi; and the ones that were challenged higher number of goblet cells in the jejunum. Animals that received diets without queratinase and underwent the challenge had higher number of goblet cells. A similar result was noticed in birds that were not challenged and received queratinase supplementation. Challenged birds presented higher score of ISI at 14 days. At 21 days, challenged birds supplemented with queratinase had higher intestinal inflammation. The results obtained in this study indicate that the benefits of exogenous queratinase are better in the initial phase of broilers. Key-words: globulins, intestinal inflammation, sanitary challeng
Produção e manejo de Aves
Get PDFOrientador: Valdir Silveira de ÁvilaOrientador: Jovanir Inês Müller FernandesMonografia (graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor Palotina, Curso de Graduação em Medicina Veterinári
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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