1,720,963 research outputs found
Novel Endocuff-assisted Colonoscopy Significantly Increases the Polyp Detection Rate A Randomized Controlled Trial
No full textGoals and Background: Screening colonoscopy for colorectal cancer has proven to reduce mortality rates. Recently the Endocuff (EC), an attachment to the distal tip of the colonoscope, was introduced. The aim of our study was to compare EC-assisted colonoscopies with standard colonoscopies for the detection of colonic polyps. Study: This study is a randomized prospective 2-center trial. The study was conducted at 2 tertiary care centers. Participants: A total of 498 patients [249 males; median age 67 y; interquartile range (IQR), 56-75 y] for colon adenoma screening purposes were included. All patients underwent standard colonoscopy with or without the use of EC. Overall polyp detection rate, the number of colonic polyps, and the polyp distribution in the colon were measured. Difference in recognition of polyps with or without the use of EC was assessed. Statistical analysis was applied. Results: In the EC group, the number of polyps detected per patient was 63% higher [2.00 (IQR, 1.00-4.00) vs. 1.00 (IQR, 1.00-2.25), P < 0.0001]. The polyp detection rate in patients increased by 14% with the use of EC (56% vs. 42%, P= 0.001). For polyp detection, superiority by use of EC could be observed in the sigmoid (P= 0.001) and cecum (P= 0.002) for polyps < 1 cm in diameter. In the EC group, the number of adenomas detected per patient significantly increased by 86% (P= 0.002). No major complications occurred in both groups. Conclusions: The use of the EC is feasible and safe with significantly higher polyp detection rates, especially for those located in the sigmoid region. The cuff system has the potential to improve the accuracy of screening colonoscopies
Novel Endocuff-assisted Colonoscopy Significantly Increases the Polyp Detection Rate A Randomized Controlled Trial
No full textGoals and Background: Screening colonoscopy for colorectal cancer has proven to reduce mortality rates. Recently the Endocuff (EC), an attachment to the distal tip of the colonoscope, was introduced. The aim of our study was to compare EC-assisted colonoscopies with standard colonoscopies for the detection of colonic polyps. Study: This study is a randomized prospective 2-center trial. The study was conducted at 2 tertiary care centers. Participants: A total of 498 patients [249 males; median age 67 y; interquartile range (IQR), 56-75 y] for colon adenoma screening purposes were included. All patients underwent standard colonoscopy with or without the use of EC. Overall polyp detection rate, the number of colonic polyps, and the polyp distribution in the colon were measured. Difference in recognition of polyps with or without the use of EC was assessed. Statistical analysis was applied. Results: In the EC group, the number of polyps detected per patient was 63% higher [2.00 (IQR, 1.00-4.00) vs. 1.00 (IQR, 1.00-2.25), P < 0.0001]. The polyp detection rate in patients increased by 14% with the use of EC (56% vs. 42%, P= 0.001). For polyp detection, superiority by use of EC could be observed in the sigmoid (P= 0.001) and cecum (P= 0.002) for polyps < 1 cm in diameter. In the EC group, the number of adenomas detected per patient significantly increased by 86% (P= 0.002). No major complications occurred in both groups. Conclusions: The use of the EC is feasible and safe with significantly higher polyp detection rates, especially for those located in the sigmoid region. The cuff system has the potential to improve the accuracy of screening colonoscopies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Inzidenz, Prognosefaktoren und Behandlungsoptionen des Hepatorenalen Syndroms
Get PDFIn der vorliegenden prospektiven Studie wird gezeigt, dass das hepatorenale Syndrom bei Patienten mit Leberzirrhose, die aufgrund eines Nierenversagens unter der Verdachtsdiagnose eines hepatorenalen Syndroms stationär in die Medizinische Klinik I der Universität Bonn eingewiesen wurden, nur in 40% der Fälle wirklich ein solches vorlag. Häufiger lagen der Nierenfunktionsstörung andere Ursachen zugrunde, wie z.B. eigenständige Nierenerkrankungen (vaskuläre Nephropathie, Glomerulonephritis) oder eine prärenale Genese durch Exsikkose, forcierte Diuretikatherapie, gastrointestinale Blutungen oder Infektionen. Auch eine direkte toxische Nierenschädigung durch nicht steroidale Antirheumatika oder Röntgenkontrastmittel konnte beobachtet werden. Es war klar zu belegen, dass die Ätiologie der Niereninsuffizienz prognostisch relevant ist. Das mittlere Überleben bei Patienten mit der rasch progrendienten Verlaufsform des hepatorenalen Syndroms (Typ I) war mit 3,4 Monaten nur etwa halb so lang wie bei denjenigen Patienten, bei denen andere Zustände zu einer Verschlechterung der Nierenfunktion geführt hatten. Da bisher bei der Prognoseeinschätzung der Patienten durch den etablierten MELD-Score (model for end-stage liver disease) zwar das Ausmaß der Nierenfunktionsstörung (Serum-Kreatinin), nicht aber die Ursache desselben (HRS oder andere Ursachen) eine Rolle spielt, wird daher bislang die Prognose der HRS-Patienten im MELD-Score systematisch fälschlich zu gut eingeschätzt. Im retrospektiven Teil der Arbeit wurde das größte bislang publizierte Kollektiv von Patienten mit hepatorenalem Syndrom Typ I analysiert. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass insbesondere das Ausmaß der Leberfunktionsstörung (in der Regel gemessen am Child-Pugh-Score) und das Ansprechen der Nierenfunktion auf die medikamentösen Behandlungsmaßnahmen die Prognose dieser Patienten bestimmt: Patienten mit hepatorenalem Syndrom Typ I und nur mäßiger Dekompensation der Lebererkrankung (Child-Pugh-Score < 10) sowie Verbesserung der Nierenfunktion unter der eingeleiteten Therapie überlebten im Mittel 8,4 Monate. Bei diesen Patienten erscheint eine Ausschöpfung aller Behandlungsoptionen mit dem Ziel einer Lebertransplantation sinnvoll zu sein. Demgegenüber zeigen unsere Daten eindeutig, dass die Prognose von Patienten mit hepatorenalem Syndrom Typ I mit fortgeschrittener dekompensierter Leberzirrhose, bei denen keine Verbesserung der Nierenfunktion zu erzielen ist, praktisch immer infaust ist. </p
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