1,720,964 research outputs found
MAPPING OF THE SURFACES AND NON-INVASIVE ANALYSES
No full textMapping is a tool based on graphic representation for acquiring knowledge
of the state of conservation of pictorial and mosaic surfaces. By
means of specific graphic norms, it indicates the types and shapes of
decay of an artefact. It is a necessary preliminary step in any restoration
project and serves to localise all forms of damage. Decay is basically attributable
to four main causes: exogenous agents, including meteorological,
thermohygrometric and biological factors such as water, wind, heat,
frost, humidity and bacteria, which cause alterations of a chemical, physical
and biological nature, with damage to the artefact of various kinds
and varying degrees of severity; endogenous agents, i.e. forces, substances
and organisms that act inside the constituent materials of the
works; biotic agents, associated with the action of living organisms that
act from the outside towards the inside of the artefact such as insects,
fungi, bacteria etc.; and anthropic actions, including factors linked to direct
human intervention, such as previous restorations, scratches, vandalism,
hammering of the surface in preparation for a new layer of
plaster, etc.) on the materials of the artefact1
DIAGNOSTICS AND VIRTUAL RESTORATION: SURFACE ANALYSIS
No full textUnderlining the pivotal role of integrating information technology and diagnostics in cultural heritage conservation, particularly in the context of digital restoration. Emphasizing the broader scope of virtual restoration within the Science of Conservation, the study highlights the importance of diagnostic tools, such as image-based diagnostics and non-destructive monitoring techniques like thermography. The article also explores the significance of advanced techniques like UV and IR reflectography for pigment identification in polychrome works. Additionally, it addresses the crucial role of diagnostics and chemical analyses in understanding ancient materials and supports, ultimately shaping methodological choices for both virtual and tangible conservation measures
SAMPLING COLOUR AND CHROMATIC CORRESPONDENCES
No full textColorimetric analysis, based on RGB coordinates, establishes a mathematical model for measuring color perception, allowing precise identification of chromaticity and variations on treated and untreated surfaces. Colorimeters convert colors to numerical codes following international standards, ensuring universal comprehension. In the realm of historical and artistic heritage, instrumental colorimetry has evolved with portable devices, enabling non-destructive analyses in situ. However, challenges arise when physical contact is impractical or undesirable, especially for delicate artworks. The colorimeter, connected to a computer, analyzes reflected light, providing quantitative color indications and detecting imperceptible chromatic differences. Modern colorimeters offer flexibility with RGB, CIE Lab*, and Munsell models, allowing automatic switching and expressing results accordingly. The CIELAB color-difference formula facilitates colorimetric assessments. Translation from CIELAB to RGB, HSB, CMYK, and PANTONE colors is achievable through various methods, offering essential tools for restorers and technicians engaged in digital and real restoration processes
PREPARATION OF THE SURFACES
No full textVirtual restoration is performed on digital images: after they have been suitably scaled and correctly projected on a plane, they must be suitably prepared by optimising the digital image and cleaning the surfaces
Virtual Restoration 3.1. Architecture. Principles and methods for virtual archaeological reconstruction of ancient monuments
No full textThis volume is the third in a series of books dedicated to Virtual Restoration
and specifically the first dedicated to architecture, or rather to the reconstructive
study of ancient monuments. Within the discipline, virtual restoration
of ancient buildings is certainly the most complex field of application,
as it encompasses all sectors of virtual restoration. This includes mosaics,
frescoes, painted plaster, and stucco, sculptures and plastic works, wooden
works for roofing, and ceramics (roof tiles, bricks, and tiles, etc.). Each area
has its own autonomous intervention methodologies, which are combined
to create the complete three-dimensional reconstruction of the building.
This book illustrates all aspects and issues related to virtual reconstructions
of ancient buildings through 28 specific case studies. The aim is to propose
a correct use of digital visualization of an ancient monument, showcasing
the sources used for 3D reconstruction. It explicates the logical process followed
in reconstructing various hypotheses, and in the most controversial
case studies, it proposes different reconstruction hypotheses or one for each
chronological phase of the ancient object under study for reconstruction
Indagini preliminari sui sistemi di approvvigionamento idrico nell’area dell’Insula I di Capo Boeo (Marsala, Sicilia occidentale)
No full textThe Insula I of Capo Boeo, a Roman-imperial Domus in the Archaeological Park of Marsala (Trapani province), now appears
to be occupied by a single house from the III century A.D. The Domus was surrounded by a peristyle with columns
that bordered an inner garden, around which the reception rooms opened, enriched with high-quality details such as
stucco, mosaics and thermal baths. In this site of great importance, in-depth studies have been carried out aimed to detecting and analyzing the ancient structures, proposing reconstructive hypotheses, and identifying the function of the various sectors. As part of these studies, authorized by the Regional Pole of Trapani and Marsala for the Cultural Sites and the
Direction of the Archaeological Park, investigations were carried out into the man-made cavities of the Insula I. The investigated
cavities, used for collecting or draining water, often are waterproofed with cocciopesto mortars both in the walls and,
occasionally, at the roof
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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