1,721,049 research outputs found
Author Correction: A Peptoid Delivers CoQ-derivative to Plant Mitochondria via Endocytosis
No full textAn amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper
Cocktail of lipophilic and hydrophilic chemotherapeutics in high-load core@shell nanocarriers to treat pancreatic tumours
Get PDFITC/Toc@Gd
2
(FLP)
3
core@shell chemotherapeutic nanocarriers carry a lipophilic irinotecan (ITC) core and a hydrophilic fludarabine phosphate (FLP) shell. Demonstrating potent cytostatic efficacy, especially in pancreatic tumor cells, they hold therapeutic promise across various cancer types.ITC/Toc@Gd
2
(FLP)
3
core@shell nanocarriers with a chemotherapeutic cocktail of lipophilic irinotecan (ITC) as the particle core and hydrophilic fludarabine phosphate (FLP) in the particle shell are realized. They are prepared
via
a microemulsion approach with ITC dissolved in tocopherol (Toc) as droplet phase and stabilized by water-insoluble Gd
2
(FLP)
3
. The synthesis can be followed by zeta-potential analysis. X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, and photometry show a drug load of 49 μg per mL ITC and 317 μg per mL FLP at a nanocarrier concentration of 1.5 mg mL
−1
. Size and structure are evidenced by electron microscopy, resulting in a total diameter of 45 ± 16 nm, an inner core of 40 ± 17 nm, and a shell of 3–8 nm.
In vitro
studies with different cancer cell lines (
i.e.
, human melanoma/SK-Mel-28, cervical cancer/HeLa, mouse pancreatic cancer/Panc02 and KPC as well as human pancreatic cancer/Capan-1 cells) prove efficient nanocarrier uptake and promising cytostatic efficacy. Specifically for KPC cells, ITC/Toc@Gd
2
(FLP)
3
nanocarriers show an increased efficacy, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC
50
: 4.2 μM) > 10 times lower than the free drugs (IC
50
: ITC: 47.7 μM, FLP: 143 μM). This points to the synergistic effect of the ITC/FLP drug cocktail in the nanocarriers and may result in a promising strategy to treat pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).ITC/Toc@Gd
2
(FLP)
3
core@shell chemotherapeutic nanocarriers carry a lipophilic irinotecan (ITC) core and a hydrophilic fludarabine phosphate (FLP) shell. Demonstrating potent cytostatic efficacy, especially in pancreatic tumor cells, they hold therapeutic promise across various cancer types.ITC/Toc@Gd
2
(FLP)
3
core@shell nanocarriers with a chemotherapeutic cocktail of lipophilic irinotecan (ITC) as the particle core and hydrophilic fludarabine phosphate (FLP) in the particle shell are realized. They are prepared
via
a microemulsion approach with ITC dissolved in tocopherol (Toc) as droplet phase and stabilized by water-insoluble Gd
2
(FLP)
3
. The synthesis can be followed by zeta-potential analysis. X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, and photometry show a drug load of 49 μg per mL ITC and 317 μg per mL FLP at a nanocarrier concentration of 1.5 mg mL
−1
. Size and structure are evidenced by electron microscopy, resulting in a total diameter of 45 ± 16 nm, an inner core of 40 ± 17 nm, and a shell of 3–8 nm.
In vitro
studies with different cancer cell lines (
i.e.
, human melanoma/SK-Mel-28, cervical cancer/HeLa, mouse pancreatic cancer/Panc02 and KPC as well as human pancreatic cancer/Capan-1 cells) prove efficient nanocarrier uptake and promising cytostatic efficacy. Specifically for KPC cells, ITC/Toc@Gd
2
(FLP)
3
nanocarriers show an increased efficacy, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC
50
: 4.2 μM) > 10 times lower than the free drugs (IC
50
: ITC: 47.7 μM, FLP: 143 μM). This points to the synergistic effect of the ITC/FLP drug cocktail in the nanocarriers and may result in a promising strategy to treat pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001659Ministerium für Ernährung, Ländlichen Raum und Verbraucherschutz Baden-Württemberg https://doi.org/10.13039/10002276
Theranostic inorganic–organic hybrid nanoparticles with a cocktail of chemotherapeutic and cytostatic drugs
Get PDFTheranostic inorganic–organic hybrid nanoparticles (IOH-NPs) with a cocktail of chemotherapeutic and cytostatic drugs and a composition Gd23+[(PMX)0.5(EMP)0.5]32−, [Gd(OH)]2+[(PMX)0.74(AlPCS4)0.13]2−, or [Gd(OH)]2+[(PMX)0.70(TPPS4)0.15]2− (PMX: pemetrexed, EMP: estramustine phosphate, AlPCS4: aluminum(III) chlorido phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate, TPPS4: tetraphenylporphine sulfonate) are presented for the first time. These IOH-NPs are prepared in water (40–60 nm in size) and have a non-complex composition with outstanding drug loading (71–82% of total nanoparticle mass) of at least two chemotherapeutic or a mixture of cytostatic and photosensitizing agents. All IOH-NPs show red to deep-red emission (650–800 nm) to enable optical imaging. The superior performance of the IOH-NPs with a chemotherapeutic/cytostatic cocktail is validated based on cell-viability assays and angiogenesis studies with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The synergistic anti-cancer effect of the IOH-NPs with a chemotherapeutic cocktail is shown in a murine breast-cancer cell line (pH8N8) and a human pancreatic cancer cell line (AsPC1), whereas the synergistic cytotoxic and phototoxic efficacy is verified in response to illumination of HeLa-GFP cancer cells, MTT assays with human colon cancer cells (HCT116), and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). HepG2 spheroids as 3D cell cultures prove the effective uptake of the IOH-NPs with high uniform distribution and the release of the chemotherapeutic drugs with the strong synergistic effect of the cocktail of drugs
„Ziel ist das Ende von Tierversuchen im nächsten Jahrzehnt“ – Am KIT wurde ein 3R-Zentrum zur Minimierung von Tierversuchen ins Leben gerufen - Campus-Report am 11.03.2025
No full text1 Million 500 Tausend Tiere wurden in Deutschland 2023 für die Forschung gezüchtet und in Experimenten eingesetzt. Das sind Angaben des Deutschen Zentrums zum Schutz von Versuchstieren. Kritik an dieser schockierenden Zahl kommt nicht nur von Seiten des Tierschutzes. Auch Ärzte und Ärztinnen weisen darauf hin, dass Erkenntnisse anhand von Tierversuchen nur bedingt auf den Menschen übertragbar sind. Das Land Baden-Württemberg spielt eine Vorreiterrolle bei den Anstrengungen, aus ethischen aber auch aus wissenschaftlichen Gründen, die Zahl der Tierversuche so weit als irgend möglich zu minimieren. Schon 2020 hat die Landesregierung ein sogenanntes 3R-Netzwerk Baden-Württemberg ins Leben gerufen. Jetzt wurden drei neue Zentren an Hochschulen des Landes etabliert. Eines davon im Rahmen des Zentrums „Health Technologies“ des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie. Die Besonderheit: Digitalisierung und Künstliche Intelligenz sollen einen essentiellen Beitrag zur Vermeidung von Tierversuchen leisten.
https://www.healthtech.kit.edu/370.ph
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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