1,721,063 research outputs found
Selective responses of neurons to vowel sounds in the auditory neostratium of the mynah bird
No full textThe inhibitory influence of an acquired escape strategy on subsequent avoidance learning in gerbils
No full textIncrease of extracellular dopamine in prefrontal cortex of gerbils during acquisition of the avoidance strategy in the shuttle-box
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Auditory event-related potentials in post- and prelingually deaf cochlear implant recipients
No full textThe development of central auditory functions in cochlear implant (CI) patients was studied over six months of rehabilitation. Examinations were performed beginning with the first week after processor calibration, and in monthly follow-up sessions thereafter. The subjects were given a simple auditory perception task (detection of a 400 Hz and a 1450 Hz tone), as well as an oddball-paradigm (detection of one of the tones as a rare deviant). Auditory evoked potentials, reaction time and errors were recorded. Results from five patients, two postlingually deaf and three prelingually deaf CI recipients are shown. Generally, in the auditory evoked potentials of patients a shortening of N100 latency towards those of subjects with normal hearing was seen from month to month. However, in the prelingually deaf patients this effect was weaker and more variable over time. Three CI recipients showed a P300 component in the oddball-paradigm in correlation with their performance. Two prelingually deaf patients failed to show a P300 in the oddball-paradigm. For both components, the N100 and the P300 we found a larger spreading over the skull in the patients compared to a normal hearing person. The results show that from the very first days after initial processor fitting prelingually and postlingually deaf CI recipients may show cortical correlates of stimulus processing and discrimination. For some components of the auditory evoked potentials an initial temporal change but a maintained larger spreading over the skull was seen
Intraspecific allometric comparison of laboratory gerbils with Mongolian gerbils trapped in the wild indicates domestication in Meriones unguiculatus (Milne-Edwards, 1867) (Rodentia : Gerbillinae)
No full textA survey of adult male Mongolian gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus (Milne-Edwards, 1867), either trapped during an expedition in Mongolia near 47 degreesN and 105,5 degreesE in June 1995 (WILD) or obtained from a laboratory strain bred in captivity since 1935 (LAB), revealed significant morphological and behavioural differences, which are likely a result of domestication in the laboratory strain. Mean body length (125.4 mm), tail length (95.5 mm) and body weight (53.6 g) was lower in WILD, although no other external characteristics were obviously different. Related allometrically to net carcass weight, organ weights were significantly lower (p < 0.01) in LAB (brain - 17.6%, eyes - 26.0%, heart - 22.3%, lungs - 43.3%). Seizures frequently seen in LAB were absent in WILD trapped (n = 167) or subsequently housed in Germany (n = 8 1), and rare in their offspring. Mean litter size was greater in LAB (n = 5.5) than in WILD bred in the laboratory (n = 4.4). The WILD breeding strain was named Ugoe:MU95. A genetic bottleneck (n = 9) that occurred in 1954 and remarkably smaller brains in LAB indicate that the laboratory strain has become domesticated and should be designated as "Laboratory gerbils" (M. unguiculatus forma domestica) to signify this new case of domestication among rodents
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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