1,720,966 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
La Première Guerre mondiale au Cameroun : une guerre des archives ?
Get PDFL’article porte sur les conflits franco-allemands autour des archives pendant la Première Guerre mondiale au Cameroun. Pour des raisons de stratégie militaire, le gouvernorat allemand du protectorat préféra emporter, voire brûler une partie de ces documents plutôt que de laisser aux mains des Alliés des informations sur l’armée allemande, le pays et l’administration coloniale. C’est en tout cas ce qu’affirma et déplora la nouvelle administration française du Condominium, qui avait des difficultés à gérer l’ancien territoire allemand. La disparition d'une partie non négligeable des archives causa non seulement des difficultés certaines au gouvernorat français du Cameroun, mais pose aussi problème aux historiens contemporains. En outre, les archives font partie intégrante du patrimoine culturel d’un peuple, et c’est en ce sens que les troupes allemandes effacèrent en partie les traces de leur propre culture en détruisant ces documents uniques.Der nachfolgende Artikel beschäftigt sich mit den deutsch-französischen Konflikten bezüglich der Akten und Archivdokumente während des Ersten Weltkrieges in Kamerun. Aus strategischen Gründen zog das deutsche koloniale Gouvernement es vor, seine Akten teils mitzunehmen beziehungsweise zu verbrennen, anstatt den Alliierten Informationen über die deutsche Armee, über das Land und die deutsche Kolonialzeit zu überlassen. Das behauptete und bedauerte jedenfalls die französische Regierung des Kondominiums, die manche Schwierigkeiten bei der Verwaltung des neu eroberten Gebiets hatte. Aber nicht nur der damaligen Verwaltung, sondern auch den heutigen Historikern bereitet dieser Materialschwund einige Probleme. Darüber hinaus muss festgehalten werden, dass Archivakten zum kulturellen Erbe eines Volkes gehören, und dass die deutsche Regierung, indem sie die Zerstörung ihrer eigenen Akten beschloss, zugleich auch die Vernichtung eines Teils des deutschen kulturellen Erbes befehligte.The following article deals with the French-German conflicts concerning the archives during the First World War in the Cameroons. For strategic reasons, the German colonial governorate preferred to take away or even burn a part of its own archives rather than leaving information about the German army, the country and the German colonial administration to the allies. This is at least what the French governorate of the Condominium claimed and deplored, having many difficulties administrating the newly conquered territory. Furthermore, the disappearance of files was not only a problem for the administration of that time, but also for todays historians. Indeed, archive files being an important part of a people’s cultural legacy, the German governorate unwittingly destroyed a part of the German cultural legacy when giving the order to burn a part its own files
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Deutsch-Togo und französisch-Dahomey : transkoloniale Beziehungen im Zeitalter des europäischen Hochimperialismus
No full textLe présent travail analyse les relations entre le Togo allemand et le Dahomey français à l'apogée de l'impérialisme européen (1884-1914). La colonie française s’est agrandie et développée plus rapidement que l’allemande, grâce à un soutien politique et financier plus élevé. Le gouvernement allemand s’engage tardivement et avec réticences dans l’acquisition de colonies. Aussi, il souhaite limiter la colonisation à une protection des maisons de commerce allemandes établies outre-mer. Érigé en « colonie modèle », le protectorat togolais était censé se développer par ses propres moyens, sans apport financier majeur. En raison de ce faible soutien, certains fonctionnaires allemands ont développé un sentiment de frustration, voire d’amertume à l’égard de leur gouvernement. Vu du Dahomey, le Togo était un rival plutôt inoffensif, avec lequel les Français espéraient dans les années 1880 nouer une alliance contre l’Angleterre. Dans le golfe du Bénin, les souverains locaux ont cherché à tirer avantage des rivalités franco-allemandes. Si leurs tentatives n’ont que très rarement été couronnées de succès, ils ont néanmoins par leurs efforts gardé une certaine agentivité dans le processus d’allocation frontalière. Ce travail revête de l’importance pour la mémoire de la colonisation allemande. Celle-ci est aujourd’hui valorisée au Togo, et les infrastructures de transport et de télécommunication contribuent largement à cette image plutôt positive du passé allemand. Les analyses de la présente thèse révèlent toutefois que le développement des infrastructures a été, en comparaison avec le Dahomey, nettement plus lent au Togo.The PhD dissertation analyses the relations between German Togo and French Dahomey during the German colonial period (1884-1914). It defends the thesis according to which French-German relations in the Golf of Benin were characterized by an imbalance. The French colony was enlarged and developed faster, due to higher financial and political support. The German policy was aimed at limiting colonisation to the protection of the German trade establishments that were already implanted overseas. Set up as a model colony, Togo was supposed to sustain itself by its own means, without major financial support. The faint endorsement led some German officials to develop feelings of frustration and bitterness toward the government. The French-German relations in West Africa were characterised by general cordiality, a repeated cooperation and a high-valued solidarity between white men. Nevertheless, the colonial officials on the spot perceived each other as rivals. In Berlin and Paris, preventing a French-German conflict in Africa was, at least before the Moroccan crisis (1905 and 1911) seen as priority, which put a brake on local rivalries. The local rulers tried to take advantage of European rivalries. Their attempts in doing so were rarely successful; nevertheless, it allowed them to maintain a certain agency in the process of border demarcation. In Togo, the perception of the German past is nowadays rather positive, and the transport and telecommunication infrastructure largely contribute to this valorization. The present investigation however reveals that the development of infrastructures was much slower in Togo than in neighbouring French Dahomey
Togo allemand – Dahomey français. Les relations transcoloniales à l’apogée de l’impérialisme européen
No full textLa thèse s’inscrit dans le champ de recherche actuel sur les relations entre les puissances européennes dans les espaces coloniaux et cherche à remédier au déficit d’études croisées franco-allemandes sur la colonisation. En examinant les relations transcoloniales à l’exemple du Togo allemand et du Dahomey français pendant la période coloniale allemande (1884-1914), ce travail porte la focale sur les processus d’échanges ainsi que sur les perceptions et appréciations des acteurs allemands et f..
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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