1,720,972 research outputs found
Enacting the new UK Code of Practice for the Safety of Small Fishing Vessels of less than 15m Length Overall
Full text linkWith a fatality rate of approximately 100 times higher than the general UK workforce, commercial fishing remains the most dangerous peacetime occupation in the UK. There is an importance of improving the safety in the UK fishing industry, aligning with The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 8, aiming to promote decent work for all
Apparecchiatura e procedimento per stazzatura di vele e verifica dimensionale di attrezzature nautiche
No full textLifting line method for modelling covering and blanketing effects for yacht fleet race simulation
No full textAn approach is presented that can be used to enhance the realism of yacht fleet race simulations. The wake of an upwind sailing yacht is represented as a single heeled horseshoe vortex (and image) system. At each time step changes in vortex strength are convected into the wake as a pair of vortex line elements. These subsequently move in accordance with the local wind, self-induced velocity and velocity induced by the presence of the wakes of other yachts. An empirical based decay factor is used to eventually remove the far wake. A synthesis of sail yacht wake representations based on detailed 3D Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) calculations with wind tunnel test results are used to capture the initial strength of the combined main-jib vortex system and its vertical height. These were based on a typical upwind sail arrangement for a range of heel angles and in-line calculations for a pair of yachts separated by three boat lengths. This paper details the basis of the validated CFD results for a yacht at heel and the analysis of the CFD results to provide an approximate single line vortex method for the yacht. The developed algorithm will eventually run within the Robo-Race which is a real-time yacht race strategy analysis tool based on MATLAB®-Simulink® developed at the University of Southampton
Improvements to a sailing VR simulator environment for assessing and improving helm performance
No full textThe sailing simulator ‘Robo-Race’ is used to examine the effect on sailor performance of enhancing the realism of the simulation. For this purpose, the following two human interface device/display environments were evaluated. Firstly, a Basic Display Environment (BDE) which consists of two screens in conjunction with a joystick. Secondly the Advanced Display Environment (ADE) that consists of three projectors with an additional screen and a steering (or helm) wheel as interface device. A number of sailors who were divided according to their sailing skills and their experience with computer game interface devices had to deal with seven upwind races against two computer controlled America’s Cup Class (ACC) yachts. The experiment shows that the combination of BDE/joystick limits their natural sailing behaviour. However, the combination of ADE/steering wheel significantly improved the sailors’ efficiency. The ADE setup has been shown to enhance the realism of the simulation and allowed the sailors’ to race opponents in a more realistic manne
Real time simulation of tacking yachts: how best to counter the advantage of an upwind yacht
No full textIn this paper we introduce a new wake model (NWM) for sailing yachts capable of representing the complex wake flow. We implemented the NWM into the yacht fleet race simulator Robo-Race and examined the effect of significant improvements in capturing the wind environment of a covered yacht on its performance and tactics. Various position options were investigated for maximising or minimising damaging effect of the leading or following yacht and were presented two case studies comparing the individual yacht performances.<br/
Modelling multiple yacht sailing interactions between upwind sailing yachts
No full textAn approach for enhancing the realism of yacht fleet race simulations based on a lifting line method is developed. The wake of an upwind sailing yacht is represented as a single heeled horseshoe vortex and image system. At each time step, changes in vortex strength are convected into the wake as a pair of vortex line elements. These subsequently move in accordance with the local wind, the self-induced velocity and the velocity induced by the presence of the wakes of other yachts. In addition, the lifting line model has a model for the viscous wake due to the drag associated with the yacht and its sails superimposed on it. A synthesis of sail yacht wake representations based on detailed 3D Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes computational fluid dynamics calculations with wind tunnel test results is used to capture the initial strength of the combined main-jib vortex system and its vertical height. The implementation of the lifting line algorithm within Robo-Race, a real-time yacht race strategy analysis tool, is described. Two upwind race interaction case studies are presented, and these show that the newly implemented wake model makes an important contribution to enhancing the realism of the sailing simulation. <br/
A combined ship science-behavioural science approach to create a winning yacht-sailor combination
No full textThe challenge of racing one-design yachts is to maximize the performance of the yacht within the scope allowed by the relevant regulations. Such tuning of the yacht, for a well-policed rule, should only make possible small gains. The main area of possible performance gain is in how best an individual sailor or crew can fine tune their racing strategy. The ability to model such strategic decisions requires an understanding of both the physical behaviour of the yacht and how an individual sailor makes such decisions.The present study seeks to predict the performances of a yacht-crew system as a whole by deriving numerical models for human behaviour alongside those referring to the physics of yacht motion. The former aspect, a transposition of athletes' psychology within the racing scene, is investigated by means of questionnaires submitted to skilled athletes and structured interviews with sailing coaches. The latter issue, the mechanical side of the problem, is analysed by solving yacht equations of motions in the time domain; crew inputs in terms of yacht steering and sail trim are considered. The paper presents results from simulations in which the yacht-crew system can sail a racecourse in an arbitrary wind pattern, according to strategic and tactical rules derived by common practice and following the decision making schemata obtained above
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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