1,720,995 research outputs found
Editorial: Liquid biopsy in the detection and prediction of outcomes in bladder cancer
Full text linkCellule epiteliali amniotiche: bioreattori con secrezione specifica per la terapia di sostituzione enzimatica
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Aptameric GT oligomers need to be complexed to ethoxylated polyethylenimine as pre-paired diplex to efficently exert their cytotoxic activity in human lynphoblastic cancer cells.
No full textThe aptameric oligonucleotides GT were found to exert a selective, specific and dose-dependent cell growth inhibition effect on a varietyof human cancer cells by recognising specific nuclear proteins and among these in particular an isoform of the eukaryotic elongation factor1A1 (EEF1A1). The potential development of these aptameric oligomers needs that they retain serum and intracellular stabilities. Polycationsare safe non-viral carriers of the nucleic acids.We demonstrated that a weakly basic polycation, the ethoxylated polyethylenimine (EPEI), canefficiently deliver cytotoxic GT oligomers when they were complexed as partial pre-paired duplex. In this way, nuclease-resistance of theoligomer was markedly improved and the administration of the duplex complexed with EPEI to lymphoblastic cancer cells caused a specificcytotoxic effect at concentrations lower than that of naked GT. However, the cytotoxic activity of the oligomer-EPEI complex resulted strictlyrelated to the GC content and Tm of the duplex region. The single-stranded GT and the duplex with high GC content and Tm, althoughcomplexed with EPEI failed to exert cytotoxicity. Overall results indicated that aptameric oligomers complexed with polycations can beefficiently delivered into the cells and display the desired biological effect designing a balanced partial duplex whose stability can allowoligomer release from the polycation under the physiological cellular conditions
“Increase in therapeutic index of doxorubicin and vinblastine by aptameric oligonucleotide in human T-lymphoblastic drug sensitive and multidrug-resistance cells”
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The targeting of eEF1A1-actin complex by GT75 DNA-aptamer fight androgen-independent human prostate adenocarcinoma cells.
Full text linkIntroduction: In prostate cancer, the second most common form of solid cancer in men worldwide, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) forms are responsible for high cancer-related death. Treatments are limited and often the resistance towards the second and third lines of treatment occurs. Thus, efforts for the identification of novel therapeutic strategies/targets remain an urgent need. The eukaryotic elongation factor 1A1 (eEF1A1) can play a role in sustaining the growth of different tumors as we found that it is overexpressed in high Gleason score (7-8) tumor tissues. DNA-aptamers can recognize targets with high specificity and they have been proposed as anti-tumor-specific agents. Our group has demonstrated that a DNA-aptamer, named GT75, can target eEF1A1 in hepatocarcinoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells.
Materials and methods: PC-3 cell line (resembling the CRCP phenotype) and PZHPV-7 cells (control non-tumorigenic prostate cells), were transfected with GT75 or control CT75 (Eurofins MWG) by lipofectamine 3000 (Invitrogen); cell growth was measured by MTT or MTS (Promega) at different days after transfection. Autophagy was assessed by a consecutive cell staining with neutral red (NR), and crystal violet (CV), and by an independent MTS assay (Sigma Aldrich). In Cell Western assay (ICW) was used to measure eEF1A1 protein level (mouse monoclonal EF-Tu, sc-21758, Santa Cruz Biotechnologies) and autophagy LC3B marker; cell adhesion/spreading was measured by methylene blue assay. Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy was performed with FITC-conjugated GT75 or CT75 or with fluorescent-labeled IgG anti-eEF1A1 antibody (Invitrogen).
Results and discussion: In a panel of cancer cells (LNCaP, 22RV-1, DU-145, and PC-3), a single dose of 125 nM of GT75 was able to reduce the cell growth compared to CT75 control, but the highest effect was measured in the PC-3 cells (-59%). Notably, in the non-tumorigenic PZHPV-7 cells, GT75 did not alter cell growth, demonstrating the tumor-specific effect of GT75. Besides, in PC-3 cells the GT75 reduced eEF1A1 protein levels (p<0.05). The confocal microscopy analysis in PC3 showed that GT75 targeted the eEF1A1-actin complexes bound to the cytoskeleton. On the contrary, nonspecific co-localization of eEF1A1/actin was found in non-tumorigenic PZHPV-7 cells (p<0.05). Finally, in GT75-treated PC-3 cells, a higher rate of autophagy, a lower rate of cell adhesion and spreading compared to CT75 control were observed.
Conclusion: Our data indicate the targeting of GT75 to the eEF1A1-actin complex bound to the cytoskeleton in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. This was paralleled by the reduction of cell viability, the activation of cell autophagy, the impairment of cell adhesion and spreading. Together our observations open new perspectives for the development of targeted therapies for CRPC
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