1,354,189 research outputs found
Personality and placebo analgesia during cold stimulation in women: A Low-Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) analysis of startle ERPs
No full textWe applied exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA) method to auditory startle event-related potentials (ERPs) during cold pain (cold-cup-test: CCT). ERPs and startle data were obtained from a published dataset wherein auditory startle stimuli were used as probes of pain processing (De Pascalis & Scacchia, 2016). We wanted to identify (1) sources of cortical current density changes associated with pain/distress reductions to placebo analgesia (PA) treatment, and (2) sources of activity changes that are predictors of the behavioural inhibition system (BIS) and fight/flight/freeze system (FFFS) of the revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (rRST). We administered three treatments: Baseline, CCT-alone (Pain), and CCT plus sham cream (Placebo). PA, as compared to Pain treatment, was effective in pain and distress reduction, and produced a significant current density reduction within right primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and left middle frontal gyrus (MFG). In addition, current density change in the right S1 was a positive predictor of subjective pain and distress reduction, although distress reduction was also associated with decreased activity in the left MFG. We failed to identify regional sources of placebo-related current density changes as predictors of the BIS and FFFS with the exception of current density changes within left MFG that was positively correlated with BIS and a significant predictor of this trait. Findings appear consistent with rRST predictions suggesting BIS and FFFS as separate, but interacting neurobehavioural systems
Perspectives of RDF use in Decentralized Areas: Comparing Power and Cogeneration Solutions
No full textPresent EU trends strive to maximize the resources recovery from municipal solid waste thus minimizing the waste amount to be disposed off. Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) production is considered in some countries to be a priority solution even if current market scenarios and consumers scepticism at present limit its widespread utilization. In this work, a comparison has been carried out of two possible RDF utilization alternatives, with particular reference to territorial districts with low population density. After a brief introduction, in which current RDF combustion technologies are illustrated, two possible plant configurations are considered, one concerning only electric power production; the other one combined heat and power production (CHP), using heat for district heating purposes, resorting to two different architectures: single pass-out condensing turbine and back-pressure turbine. Possible application of these technologies to a case study is then proposed, referring to a central Italy mountain territory characterized by a low population density. Then, an economic evaluation has been carried out. Finally, a parametric study was performed in order to define acceptable values for the sale price of thermal energy and the effect on profitability of the incremental investment needed for the construction of a district heating network
Creencias, prácticas alimentarias maternas y estado nutricional de niños de 6 a 24 meses
No full textLa elección de los alimentos para el lactante y el niño dependen de los padres, principalmente de la madre, de ahí que resulte importante conocer sus creencias y prácticas alimentarias.
Objetivo: Analizar las creencias y prácticas alimentarias que tienen las madres de los niños de 6 a 24 meses que asisten a los controles de un Centro de Salud de la ciudad de Mar del Plata y conocer el estado nutricional de los niños.Fil: Rolandi, María Carolina. Universidad FASTA. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Argentina.Fil: Scacchia, Sergio. Universidad FASTA. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Argentina
The behavioural approach system and placebo analgesia during cold stimulation in women. A low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) analysis of startle ERPs
No full textPersonality traits have been shown to interact with environmental cues to modulate biological responses including placebo effects. We assessed the behavioural approach system (T-BAS) and its facets (goal drive persistence, GDP; reward interest and reactivity, RI and RR; Impulsivity, Imp) using the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory Personality Questionnaire (RST-PQ; Corr & Cooper, 2016). Participants received three treatments: Baseline, Pain, and Placebo (pain plus a sham cream). Pain was produced by administering the cold-cup-test (CCT). We used exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA) analysis of event-related potentials elicited by auditory-startle probes to identify regional sources of activity changes as predictors of T-BAS and its facets. We calculated pain minus placebo differences for pain and distress ratings and regional current density. We failed to find significant associations of RST-PQ traits with placebo-induced pain and distress reductions. However, multiple regression analyses and covariance analyses showed that, during placebo analgesia as compared to pain treatment, a lower activity in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) was associated with higher T-BAS, and RI, whereas lower activity in the ACC was associated with higher T-BAS, RR, and Imp. Findings suggest that placebo analgesia may represent a form of reward responding and likely offer paths of identifying BAS traits that are liable to modulate placebo analgesic response
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