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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Study of development of the phenomenon of childhood obesity in relation to physical activity and diet and analysis of the potential risk in first grade school children from the prefecture of Chania, Crete
No full textBackground: This thesis presents the first study to analyze and evaluate data collected from two representative cross sectional studies conducted among Caucasian Cretan children from Greece registered in the first grade of the elementary school during the academic years 1992/93 and 2006/07. The study examined secular changes in anthropometric measurements blood pressure (BP), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), physical fitness (PF), inactivity (TV viewing) and the dietary habits of children in order to observe the progression of childhood obesity in Crete during 1992/93 and 2006/07. Methods and materials: Two representative groups of 967 children in total aged 5.9-7.8 years, were studied during 1992/93 and 2006/07 school years. Children in the 1992/93 study cohort were selected from a total population of 1098 first grade children participating in the 6-year school-based “Cretan Health and Nutrition Education program”. Children in the 2006/07 cohort were selected from a population of 798 1st, 2nd and 3rd graders participating in a 1-year intervention in the prefecture of Chania. From this study the measurements of 361 1st-graders were selected and these subjects were matched for gender, age, and area of residence (urban, rural and suburban) with the 1992/93 cohort. Results: During the last fifteen years there has been a significant increase in all markers in physical activity and cardio-respiratory endurance. Between 1992/93 and 2006/07 there was a significant increase in all fitness tests in both genders (p<0.001) and in the MVPA for boys (p<0.001). In 2006/07, both genders spent more time watching TV on weekdays (p<0.001) while there was a significant increase in the proportion of overweight/obese boys (19.4% vs 33.7% (p<0.001) between 1992/93 and 2006/07. For both genders the BP decreased in 2006/07 compared to 1992/93 (p<0.001). However in both periods, BP was higher in obese compared to overweight and normal children (p<0.001) but there was no relationship between BP and PA. Both genders significantly increased their energy intake (EΙ) (p<0.05), total fat (p<0.05), calcium and iron (p<0.001). Both genders significantly increased their intake of dairy products (p<0.001) decreased their intake of cereals (p<0.001). Among overweight/obese (ow/ob) children, dietary energy density (ED) decreased significantly (p<0.05) and mean consumption of fruits/vegetables increased (p<0.001). Conclusions: Over the 15 year period a significant increase in obesity indices was observed among Cretan children with conflicting simultaneous increase in PA and cardio-respiratory fitness. Moreover the increase in weekday TV-viewing is related to the prevalence of obesity of that sample group. The effort to improve children’s eating habits by eating more fruits/vegetables may constitute a positive trend however; it was well below recommendations, which might also explain the weight increase in this group. The fall in BP observed during this period may indicate an effort made by the children and their families to adopt a healthier lifestyle by improving their food choices.Εισαγωγή: Η παρούσα μελέτη είναι η πρώτη που άντλησε δεδομένα επιδημιολογικών μελετών δύο αντιπροσωπευτικών δειγμάτων παιδιών της Κρήτης που εγγράφηκαν στην Α’ δημοτικού κατά τις χρονικές περιόδους 1992/93 και 2006/07. Ανέλυσε τις μεταβολές των σωματομετρικών μεγεθών της Αρτηριακής Πίεσης (ΑΠ), των δεικτών: φυσικής δραστηριότητας (ΦΔ), φυσικής κατάστασης (ΦΚ), και σωματικής αδράνειας παρακολούθηση τηλεόρασης) καθώς και των διατροφικών συνήθειων των παιδιών με σκοπό την μελέτη της εξέλιξης της παιδικής παχυσαρκίας στην Κρήτη το 1992/93 και το 2006/07. Υλικό και Μέθοδοι: Μελετήθηκαν δύο αντιπροσωπευτικά δείγματα 967 παιδιών του νομού Χανίων ηλικίας 5.7-7.8 ετών τις χρονικές περιόδους 1992/93-2006/07. Το πρώτο δείγμα αποτελούνταν από Ν=606 παιδιά ηλικίας 5.9-7.8 και επιλέχθηκαν από το σύνολο 1098 μαθητών που εγγράφηκαν στην Α’ δημοτικού το 1992/93. Παρόμοια με αντιστοίχιση (ως προς το φύλο ηλικία περιοχή κατοικίας) επιλέχθηκε το δεύτερο δείγμα των Ν=361 παιδιών Α’ δημοτικού από το σύνολο 798 μαθητών που εγγράφηκαν στην Α’, Β’, Γ’ δημοτικού το 2006/07 και συμμετείχαν σε παρόμοια μελέτη μονοετούς εκπαιδευτικής παρέμβασης. Αποτελέσματα: Μεταξύ των περιόδων 1992/93 και 2006/07 βρέθηκε σημαντική αύξηση σε όλες τις δοκιμασίες φυσικής κατάστασης (p<0.001) και στα δύο φυλά ενώ ο χρόνος που δαπανήθηκε σε μέτρια-προς-έντονη σωματικής-άσκησης (ΜΕΣΑ) ήταν σημαντικά μεγαλύτερος στα αγόρια το 2006/07 (p<0.001) σε σχέση με το 1992/93. Ταυτόχρονα όμως και τα δυο φύλα το 2006/07 αφιέρωσαν περισσότερο χρόνο στην παρακολούθηση τηλεόρασης τις καθημερινές (p<0.001) ενώ ο επιπολασμός των υπέρβαρων/παχύσαρκων αγοριών αυξήθηκε από 19.4% σε 33.7% (p<0.001). Η αρτηριακή πίεση (ΑΠ) μειώθηκε σημαντικά και στα δύο φύλα (p<0.01). Και στις δύο χρονικές περιόδους η ΑΠ παρουσίασε υψηλότερες τιμές στα παχύσαρκα παιδιά σε σύγκριση με τα υπέρβαρα και φυσιολογικού βάρους (p<0.001) αλλά δεν βρέθηκε συσχέτιση μεταξύ ΑΠ και της ΣΑ. Και στα δύο φύλα βρέθηκε σημαντική αύξηση στην ενεργειακή τους πρόσληψη (ΕΝ.ΠΡ) (p<0.05) στην συνολική περιεκτικότητα σε λιπαρά (p<0.05) στο ασβέστιο και στο σίδηρο (p<0.001) ενώ διαπιστώθηκε σημαντική αύξηση στην κατανάλωση γαλακτοκομικών προϊόντων (p<0.001) και σημαντική μείωση στην κατανάλωση δημητριακών (p<0.001). Μεταξύ των υπέρβαρων/παχύσαρκων παιδιών η ενεργειακή πυκνότητα (ΕΝ.ΠΥΚΝ) τροφίμων μειώθηκε σημαντικά (p<0.05) ενώ η μέση κατανάλωση φρούτων/λαχανικών αυξήθηκε σημαντικά (p<0.001). Συμπεράσματα: Την τελευταία δεκαπενταετία διαπιστώνεται σημαντική αύξηση στους δείκτες παχυσαρκίας των παιδιών της Κρήτης με την αντιφατικά ταυτόχρονη αύξηση της ΣΑ και της κάρδιο-αναπνευστικής αντοχής. Παράλληλα, διαπιστώθηκε αύξηση της τηλεθέασης τις καθημερινές που σχετίζεται με την αύξηση του ποσοστού παχυσαρκίας. Προσπάθεια βελτίωσης των διατροφικών συνήθειων των παιδιών με κατανάλωση περισσοτέρων φρούτων/λαχανικών είναι περιορισμένη γιατί μεγάλο ποσοστό παιδιών λάμβανε ανεπαρκή ποσότητα. Η πτώση της ΑΠ που παρατηρήθηκε στην διάρκεια της περιόδου αυτής ίσως να υποδεικνύει την προσπάθεια των παιδιών και των οικογενειών τους για βελτίωση του τρόπου ζωής με καλύτερες επιλογές τροφίμων
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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