12 research outputs found
The Rights and Duties of Women According to Bibi Khanom Astarabadi and Taj al-Saltana: Two Examples of Feminist Social Critique in Iran at the Turn of the 20th Century
No full textThis paper aims to juxtapose two crucial texts for the early history of feminism in Iran: a satirical treatise entitled Maʼayeb al-rejal (The vices of men) from 1894 written by Bibi Khanom Astarabadi (1858/59–1921) and the memoirs of Taj al-Saltana
(1884–1936), a daughter of Naser al-Din Shah (r. 1848–1896), penned in 1914. In spite of the authors’ different backgrounds and the diversity of issues raised, both devoted plenty of attention to the desirable qualities of a ‘modern Iranian woman’—a new ideal championed by the Iranian reformist movement of the late 1800s and early 1900s. This progressive ideal of woman, however, remained rooted in a traditional paradigm
equating womanhood with wifehood and motherhood. Through a literary analysis of the works of Bibi Khanom and Taj al-Saltana, the author argues that the early Iranian feminists integrated their advocacy for dignity and ‘modernity’ of woman into the patriarchal outlook by reserving for their ‘sisters’ the functions of educators and carers
Wıll and fate ın the shadow of tradatıon a comparıson of “Ferhunde Kalfa” by Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil and “Abji Khanom” by Sadeq Hedayat
No full textBu çalışma, Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil'in "Ferhunde Kalfa" ve Sadık Hidayet'in "Abci Hanım" adlı hikâyelerini karşılaştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Türk ve Fars edebiyatlarının modernleşmesinde önemli katkıları olan iki yazarın çevresi, sosyal sınıfı, eğitimi ve edebiyat anlayışı arasında benzerlik vardır. Bu çalışmanın konusu olan hikâyeler, iradesini gerçekleştiremeyen ve geleneksel bir toplumun belirlediği acı kaderi yaşayan iki genç kıza dairdir. Hikâyelerdeki en dikkat çekici ortak nokta, kadının ataerkil düzenin hem mağduru hem temsilcisi olmasıdır. Her iki hikâye, geleneksel değerlere yönelik eleştirel bir bakış üzerinde temellenmiştir. oThis paper aims to compare two short stories: “Ferhunde Kalfa” by the Turkish author Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil and “Abji Khanom” by the Iranian author Sadeq Hedayat . There are similarities between these two authors in terms of social environment, social class, education and view of literature and both made important contributions to modernization of Turkish and Persian literatures. The stories chosen for analysis in this paper are about a young girl who does not have free will and whose fate is determined by a traditional society. The most remarkable similar point of the stories is that they present woman as victim to and representative of the patriarchal society. Both of the stories are based on critique of traditional values.
Will and fate in the shadow of tradition a comparison of “Ferhunde Kalfa” by Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil and “Abji Khanom” by Sadeq Hedayat
No full textURL: http://sutad.selcuk.edu.tr/sutad/article/view/1001Bu çalışma, Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil’in (1866-1945) “Ferhunde Kalfa” ve Sadık Hidayet’in “Abci Hanım” (1903-1951) adlı hikâyelerini karşılaştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Türk ve Fars edebiyatlarının modernleşmesinde önemli katkıları olan iki yazarın çevresi, sosyal sınıfı, eğitimi ve edebiyat anlayışı arasında benzerlik vardır. Bu çalışmanın konusu olan hikâyeler, iradesini gerçekleştiremeyen ve geleneksel bir toplumun belirlediği acı kaderi yaşayan iki genç kıza dairdir. Hikâyelerdeki en dikkat çekici ortak nokta, kadının ataerkil düzenin hem mağduru hem temsilcisi olmasıdır. Her iki hikâye, geleneksel değerlere yönelik eleştirel bir bakış üzerinde temellenmiştir.This paper aims to compare two short stories: “Ferhunde Kalfa” by the Turkish author Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil (1866-1945) and “Abji Khanom” by the Iranian author Sadeq Hedayat (1903-1951). There are similarities between these two authors in terms of social environment, social class, education and view of literature and both made important contributions to modernization of Turkish and Persian literatures. The stories chosen for analysis in this paper are about a young girl who does not have free will and whose fate is determined by a traditional society. The most remarkable similar point of the stories is that they present woman as victim to and representative of the patriarchal society. Both of the stories are based on critique of traditional values
Using social media marketing in the digital era: A necessity or a choice
No full textToday is the era of digitalization. Nowadays, people prefer to attach their lives to social media presence on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, and LinkedIn. Hence, manufacturers and producers use social media tremendously in this digital era to reach customers with their products and services. Thus, social media marketing has become famous for businesses to promote their products or services, engage with their customers, and build brand awareness. The present study focuses on reviewing the mediating role played by several social media platforms to gain the interest of consumers. This paper also aims to analyze the necessity of social media marketing compared to other marketing communication and promotion forms. This paper helps the reader decide whether to depend on social media only for marketing purposes or whether there can be a choice of another means. Without analyzing the pros and cons, relying heavily on social media platforms for marketing is not always a good idea. The author employed a qualitative and descriptive method for constructing the paper. This paper will review the literature regarding social media marketing compared to other means, try to recommend, and shed light on selecting the right marketing platform by different marketers. The study\u27s main findings demonstrate that measures should be taken to enhance responsible use and limit some of its harmful effects. Furthermore, in providing insights into whether social media marketing is a necessity or a choice, the author suggests that productive utilization should be the main priority for all, whether social media or other platforms
Effect of ethanolic extract of Aloe vera gel on certain common clinical pathogens
No full textAntimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Aloe vera were observed against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus pneumonia and Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae. Aloe vera leaf gel was used for ethanolic extraction. Zones of inhibition in millimeter was used to measure the antimicrobial effect. Antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that ethanolic extract has growth inhibitory effects against the tested pathogens. Ethanolic extract of Aloe vera has growth inhibitory effects against tested pathogen seen by antimicrobial susceptibility testing
Mah Sharaf Khanoum Ardalani (Mastura Kurdistani), historian and author(1805- 1847); her life and her epoch
No full textماهشەرەفخانم بە هۆی ئەو پەروەردەیەی لەلایەن خێزانەکەیەوە هەیبووە و ئەو پێگە گرنگەی باوک و باپیری و هەردوو بنەماڵەی دایک و باوکی هەیانبوو، کەسایەتییەکی خوێندەوار و هوشیاری لێ دروستبووە؛
لە میرنشینی ئەردەڵان و شاری سنەی پایتەختیدا، وەک مەڵبەندێکی خوێندەواریی و ڕۆشنبیریی، چ ئایینی و چ زانستی مێژووناسیی، لەپاڵ بوونی بناغەیەکی گەورە و پتەودا، کۆمەڵێک مێژوونووس و بیرمەندی گەورە هەبوون، کە کاریان لەسەر هزر و دنیابینیی ماهشەرەفخانم کردووە؛
ماهشەرەفخانم بە گەواهی زۆر لە کوردناسان، تەنیا مێژوونووسی ئافرەتی ڕۆژهەڵاتی ناوەڕاستی سەدەی نۆزدەیەم و یەکەمین ئافرەتیشە، کە لەو سەردەمەدا سەرباری شاعیرێتی، لە بواری زانستە ئیسلامییەکانیشدا شارەزایی هەبووە و بەرهەمی نایابی لە دوای خۆی بەجێهێشتووە؛
دەسەڵاتدارانی ئێران بەتایبەتی لە سەرەتای سەدەی نۆزدەیەمەوە لەڕێگەی ژنوژنخوازییەوە، توانیان هەژموونی خۆیان و پرۆسەی بەشیعەکردنی کوردی ئەردەڵان چڕتر بکەنەوە و کاتێک بەرهەڵستیان بۆ دروستبوو، ڕاستەوخۆ دەستیان بەسەر میرنشینی ئەردەڵاندا گرت و پاش ماوەیەکیش بە تەواوی هەڵیان وەشاندەوە؛
میرنشینی ئەردەڵان، وەک بەشێک لە کوردستانی باشوری ڕۆژهەڵات، بێجگە لەوەی هەر لەو ناوچانەدا سەری هەڵداوە، کە دواتر بۆ ماوەی دوو سەدە لەژێر قەڵەمرەویی میرنشینی باباندا بووە، و ماوەیەکی زۆریش ململانێ لەنێوان هەردوو میرنشییەکەدا دروستبووە و خاکی یەکتریان داگیرکردووە، بەڵام بەپێچەوانەی خواستی داگیرکەرانی کوردستانەوە، لە کۆتایی سەدەی هەژدەیەم و نۆزدەیەمدا نزیکبوونەوەیەکی زۆر و خزمایەتیی و تێکەڵیەکی هەمەلایەنە لەناویاندا دروستبووە، هەر بۆیە لە کاتی لیقەوماندا پەنایان بۆ یەکتر بردووە. دواجاریش، کە خۆری ماڵباتی ئەردەڵان بەرەو ئاوابوون دەچێت، ماهشەرەفخانم و چەند هەزار کەسێکی تر ئەردەڵان بەجێ دەهێڵن و لە پایتەختی باباندا پێشوازیی گەرمیان لێ دەکرێت.Mahsharaf - Khanom became an educated and conscious person thanks to the education she received from her family and also a position that her parents and grandparents had on both sides of the parents.
In Ardalan and its capital, Sanandaj, as a center for the development of culture and education, Islamic and historical, in addition to a strong base, a large group of historians and intellectuals was found that significantly influenced Mahsharaf-Khanom's thought and consciousness.
Mahashraf-Khanom, by recognition of many the researchers , was the only female historian in the Middle East in the 19th century. She was the only woman in the period who, along with the author of poems, practiced Islamic studies with great ability and had writings and compositions.
In the beginning of the 19th century, the Iranian authorities, in particular, influenced the Ardalanian Kurds and changed their Sunni sect to Shia al-Jaafari. When they felt resistance, they imposed their authority and took control of the government directly in the emirate. They briefly removed it from existence. The Emirate of Ardalan, as part of the South - East Kurdistan, in addition to it was formed in areas, which later became under the control of the Emirate of Baban for more than two centuries, and became the source of disputes and conflicts between them and it came to the occupation of the land and cities, but despite the oppression of the Occupiers of Kurdistan, especially at the end of the 18-th century and the beginning of the 19-th century, there was a strong convergence and diverse integration among the population of the both Emirates and even the ruling class. Finally, when the dyanasty of Ardalan went to fall, Mahsharaf-Khanom and a few thousand Ardalanis moved to the capital of the Emirate of Baban, where they were received with great hospitality
Decolorization of selected azo dye by Lysinibacillus fusiformis W1B6: Biodegradation optimization, isotherm, and kinetic study biosorption mechanism
No full textThis study reports on the evaluation of biodegradation and biosorption mechanism of indigenous bacteria on azo dye decolorization. The bacterial strains were screened for their ability in decolorizing of selected toxic azo dyes in aqueous solution. Lysinibacillus fusiformis W1B6 showed the highest decolorizing of about 96% of methyl red within 2 h, with the specific growth rate of 0.273/h. The optimum decolorization under aerobic condition was achieved at pH 7.5, 30 ± 2°C, inoculum 10% (v/v), and initial dye concentration of 100 mg/L. Spectrum analysis confirmed biodegradation as the principal mechanism of decolorization, although biosorption also occurred. Extracellular and intracellular azoreductase, laccase, and lignin peroxidase plays a role in the oxidoreductive mechanism of decolorization. The absorption isotherms fitted with the Langmuir equation and the reaction kinetics of methyl red decolorization followed a pseudo first-order. © The Author(s) 2019
Effectiveness of structured patient-clinician communication with a solution focused approach (DIALOG+) in community treatment of patients with psychosis - a cluster randomised controlled trial
No full textBackgroundLarge numbers of patients with psychosis have regular meetings with key clinicians in the community. There is little evidence on how these meetings should be conducted to be therapeutically effective. DIALOG, a computer mediated procedure, was shown to improve outcomes in a European multi-centre trial. DIALOG structures the patient-clinician communication and makes it patient-centred, but does not guide clinicians as to how to respond to patients’ concerns. DIALOG has been further developed into DIALOG+, which uses advanced software and, additionally, provides a four step approach - based on a solution focused model - for addressing patients’ concerns. We designed a cluster randomised controlled trial to test the effectiveness of DIALOG+ in improving treatment outcomes of patients with psychosis in the community.Methods/designKey workers are recruited from community mental health teams in East London and randomly allocated to either the intervention or control group. Out of their case loads, we identify patients with schizophrenia (F 20–29) and a moderate or lower level of subjective quality of life (MANSA score <5), who are treated according to the allocation of their key workers. Key workers in the intervention group are trained in using DIALOG+ and use it with each patient over a six-month period. Control patients rate their satisfaction with life and treatment on a tablet to control for the effect of regular ratings and the use of modern technology. We are recruiting up to 42 key workers to reach a total sample size of 180 patients. Clinical and social outcomes including costs are assessed after 3, 6 and 12 months. Primary outcome is subjective quality-of-life at 6 months.DiscussionThe trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel intervention (DIALOG+) which uses modern technology to support routine patient-clinician meetings in community care, makes the communication patient centred and guides patients and clinicians to address concerns. DIALOG+ is a generic and widely applicable intervention. If shown as effective, it can be used to improve outcomes of community care on a large scale, ensuring that routine encounters are therapeutically effective. DIALOG+ can also be implemented across services at relatively low additional costs
Twists through turbidity: propagation of light carrying orbital angular momentum through a complex scattering medium
No full textAbstract
We explore the propagation of structured vortex laser beams-shaped light carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM)-through complex multiple scattering medium. These structured vortex beams consist of a spin component, determined by the polarization of electromagnetic fields, and an orbital component, arising from their spatial structure. Although both spin and orbital angular momenta are conserved when shaped light propagates through a homogeneous, low-scattering medium, we investigate the conservation of these angular momenta during the propagation of Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beams with varying topological charges through a turbid multiple scattering environment. Our findings demonstrate that the OAM of the LG beam is preserved, exhibiting a distinct phase shift indicative of the ‘twist of light’ through the turbid medium. This preservation of OAM within such environments is confirmed by in-house developed Monte Carlo simulations, showing strong agreement with experimental studies. Our results suggest exciting prospects for leveraging OAM in sensing applications, opening avenues for groundbreaking fundamental research and practical applications in optical communications and remote sensing.Abstract
We explore the propagation of structured vortex laser beams-shaped light carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM)-through complex multiple scattering medium. These structured vortex beams consist of a spin component, determined by the polarization of electromagnetic fields, and an orbital component, arising from their spatial structure. Although both spin and orbital angular momenta are conserved when shaped light propagates through a homogeneous, low-scattering medium, we investigate the conservation of these angular momenta during the propagation of Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beams with varying topological charges through a turbid multiple scattering environment. Our findings demonstrate that the OAM of the LG beam is preserved, exhibiting a distinct phase shift indicative of the ‘twist of light’ through the turbid medium. This preservation of OAM within such environments is confirmed by in-house developed Monte Carlo simulations, showing strong agreement with experimental studies. Our results suggest exciting prospects for leveraging OAM in sensing applications, opening avenues for groundbreaking fundamental research and practical applications in optical communications and remote sensing
A Scoping Review of Human Teratogens and Their Impact on the Developing Brain: A Contribution From the ConcePTION Project
No full text\ua9 2025 The Author(s). Birth Defects Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Certain medications, when used during pregnancy, are known to impact human prenatal development. Historically, little attention has been given to the impact of in utero exposure on the developing brain, despite the significance of known teratogen-induced neurodevelopmental difficulties. This scoping review systematically identified and extracted neurodevelopmental outcome data for medications with established physical teratogenic effects and synthesized the key study characteristics. Medications with evidence of physical teratogenicity (n = 24) were defined by a panel of experts. Eligible studies reporting any neurodevelopmental outcomes following pregnancy exposure to the defined list of human structural teratogens were identified through electronic searches of MEDLINE and EMBASE. We identified 207 studies (254 publications) for inclusion, comprising 81 empirical cohorts and 126 case series. Concerningly, only 13 of 24 (54%) confirmed structural teratogens have been subject to any empirical investigation of neurodevelopmental outcomes. The mean time between authorization of known structural teratogens and the first empirical study investigating neurodevelopmental outcomes using a comparison group and formal data analysis is 33 years (Range: 11–64 years). When neurodevelopmental outcomes are investigated for medication exposures with physical teratogenic signatures, there are high levels of neurodevelopmental alterations (77%). These findings do not speak to a pharmacovigilance system that is functioning efficiently to identify and ameliorate neurodevelopmental risk, even for the medications with identified structural teratogenic risk. Given the high proportion of known physical teratogens exhibiting additional altered neurodevelopmental outcomes and the substantial lifetime burden of such alterations, to the individual and society, the timelines remain too long
