13 research outputs found
Quick Sort Optimized for Non-decreasing Data set
No full textThe Sorting Algorithm proposed by C.A.R Hoare in 1961 by name Quick sort, which is popularly known for being the fastest sorting algorithm. Quick sort is still being practiced in the field of computers systems and its applications. The Algorithm whose efficiency to sort random data set is represented in asymptotic notation as O(n log2 n) and when quick sort algorithm has a input data set which is already Ordered then it takes a quadratic execution time which is considered as a worst case performance and this behavior is represented in asymptotic notation as O(n2). The worst case performance is due the scan over heads which occur over the pre-sorted data set, in other words the partitioning gets skewed due to recursive calls and hence results in a quadratic complexity. This research paper presents an algorithm which minimizes a worst case execution time making it linear when the input list is in non-decreasing order. The paper describes how the improvements are accommodated in the existing quick sort. A priori analysis of proposed algorithm for different cases is made along with a proof of correctness. Later the algorithm is verified for its correctness and asymptotic performance. The algorithm is implemented using C++ and also we have compared with other popular quick-sort version
Hybrid Beam forming performance analysis–OFDM Massive MIMO
No full textOFDM multi-transporter adjustment is expected to be the facultative innovation for 4G remote frameworks. One of the choices that make OFDM the main option for 4G is its MIMO similarity, because of MIMO envelops a horribly critical capability of improving remote frameworks for limit, information rate, and scope angles. In this paper, the difficulties of MIMO OFDM estimations square measure tended to and request of transmittal control administration by client is examined. Downlink power and transmission control is restricting component in the execution of MIMO OFDMA framework. A sufficient power prevailing component upheld shut circle of base station is reply to the present disadvantage
Indoor Localization in GPS
No full textGPS technology is employed for positioning application and it's extremely reliable and correct once used out of doors. Because of multipath propagation, signal attenuation and blockage its performance is proscribed in indoor and dense urban surroundings. As an answer, technologies like Apple’s iBeacon, Radio-frequency identification (RFID), unhearable and area unita network|WLAN|WiFi|local area network (Wi-Fi) access points are use to boost performance in Indoor surroundings. We have a tendency to having a glance in any respect these technologies that are meant for GPS Indoor performance improvement during this review paper
MAC Scheduling Strategies in LTE Advanced
No full textAn Efficient scheduling algorithm at the data link layer is needed in multiuser systems to efficiently exploit the benefits of multiuser multiple input multiple output (MIMO). The 3G partnership programme (3GPP) does not specify any specific scheduling for Long Term Evolution (LTE) Advanced; we can have any one of the scheduling strategies applicable for LTE Advanced. There is substantial amount of literature on scheduling algorithms for multiuser wireless systems. In this paper, we are presenting various types of scheduling schemes of LTE Advanced, their advantages, and inefficiencies.Keywords – Scheduling, MIMO, LTE Advanced, Channel state information (CSI) , Adaptive modulation and coding (AMC)
Automatic Energy Meter Billing
No full textThe present system of energy charge in India is error prone and conjointly time and labour intense. Errors get introduced at each stage of energy charge like human errors whereas noting down the meter reading and error whereas process the paid bills and therefore the due bills. There area unit several cases wherever the bill is paid so is shown as a due quantity within the next bill. Nowadays that every one energy meter scaning is read by manually that's, Geb person should return and he should scan the reading of energy meter and he can offer the bill for that therein bill he are giving a final date to pay the bill, if the client way pay the bill among a given last date other than keb person should return and he can take away the fuse and he can go. Some folks can plug the fuse once removing the fuse by Geb. Some can take away the seal of energy meter. And altogether cities is tough to modify ON and OFF the road lights throughout evening and already dark. As a result of there ought to be a person power. The lights area unit controlled manually. The Geb person should go every space and switch ON/OFF at explicit time. And it's tedious job to try to to this work. If that person didn’t return then the road are ON 24hrs. There's waste of electricity. And within the already dark at 11pm on top of there's a no use of street lights, there the electricity is wasting. Automatic Meter Reading system (AMR) incessantly monitors the energy meter and sends information for the asking of service supplier through SMS. Automatic meter reading system helps the client and energy service supplier to access the correct and updated information from the energy meter. this technique utilizes the worldwide system for mobile communication (GSM) network to send its power usage reading victimization Short electronic communication Service (SMS) back to the energy supplier wirelessly. The interface conjointly consists of LCD that displays the number of power consumed. As a result this helps to attach to remote areas because it employs wireless technology. This technique not solely reduces the labor price however conjointly increase meter reading accuracy and save huge quantity of your time
Review on Quantum Key Distribution
No full textThere have been tremendous developments in the field of cryptography. Quantum computers is one among them. Solving complex mathematical calculations are made easy using quantum computers. Introducing quantum physics into cryptography led to growth of quantum cryptography. Quantum cryptography is a technique of using photons to generate a cryptographic key and transmit it to a receiver using a suitable communication channel. Quantum cryptography uses quantum mechanical principles such as Heisenberg Uncertainty principle and photon polarisation principle to perform cryptographic tasks towards providing an effective security system. This study describes on to generate a key which is then converted into Quantum bits (Qubits) and send to the receiver securely
IOT-Technologies for Smart World
No full textInternet of things is the innovation can convey to each other without a human. This paper addresses the internet of Things and presents the few advances and interchanges arrangements. In this paper, we portray the internet of Things (IoT) which is a model where things can have distinguishing, detecting, and handling highlights that will enable them to speak with different gadgets over the Web to play out the errand. There are many difficulties with programming, equipment, and security in the genuine execution of IoT. This paper incorporates three conventions, For example, sigfox, Z wave and EnOcean .The systems administration convention and security administrations are not specifically connected on IoT in view of various correspondence stacks and different systems administration gauges. Along these lines, there is have to locate a productive arrangement which manages the every one of the difficulties in a domain of IoT. This paper presents different research challenges with their separate arrangements by looking at past writing and recognizing ebb and flow patterns.empowers remote gadgets to it utilizes the ISM groups, which are allowed to use without the need to procure licenses, to transmit information over an exceptionally limit range to and from associated objects.The EnOcean innovation is a vitality collecting remote innovation utilized fundamentally in building robotization frameworks, and is likewise connected to different applications in industry, transportation, coordinations and keen homes. Modules in view of EnOcean innovation consolidate small scale vitality converters with ultra low power gadgets, and empower remote interchanges between battery less remote sensors, switches, controllers and doors. The Z-Wave convention is a low transmission capacity half duplex convention intended for dependable remote correspondence in a minimal effort control arrange. It lets gadgets and sensor-empowered s talk and react to each other, and it does it at a value that everyman can bear
Green IOT Schemes
No full textInternet of things is the technology which enables to communicate with various objects present in the world without a human intervention. The Objects communicate directly between each other and can save the communication energy with a user in case of application of Green IOT. Green IOT is the term used for collective technologies of IOT where in components gets recycled and reused number of times. In this paper we are discussing some overview of the Green IOT Technology and its components
Underground Drainage Monitoring System
No full textIndia has taken up the initiative of developing smart cities hence there is a need for designing proper underground infrastructure which includes underground water pipelines, drainage monitoring for the purpose of keeping the city clean. If the drainage system is not monitored properly it may lead to blockage and sewage overflow which in turn leads to contamination of pure water resulting in spreading of infectious diseases. An underground drainage monitoring system is designed which has various sensors that detect the overflow of the sewage, level of drainage, the concentration of harmful gases within the manhole, flow rate and sends the information to the authority via GSM module
