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Ar kvėpuojamųjų raumenų adaptyvus prisitaikymas chroniniam fiziniam krūviui, koreliuoja su apatinių galūnių raumenų morfologiniais ir fiziniais pasikeitimais. Palyginimas tarp krepšininkų ir dviratininkų.
No full textRepeated exposure to specific exercise training can alter the structure of the muscles leading to specific functional adaptations. The main goal of the study was to investigate whether different types of chronic training, can induce not only specific adaptations in the lower limb but in the structural and functional characteristics of the respiratory muscles also. Thirty-two male athletes [cyclists (CYC) n=16, and basketball players (BP) n=16] participated in the study. First, anthropometric parameters were measured, followed by musculoskeletal ultrasound images of specific muscles including vastus lateralis (VL), gastrocnemius medialis/lateralis (GM/GL), and diaphragm. Then participants underwent maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) and completed a respiratory muscle functions assessment, which included maximum inspiratory/expiratory tests (MIP/MEP) and spirometry. BP compared to CYC displayed significantly greater diaphragm, GM, and GL muscle thickness (MT) (p<0.05), and fascicle length (FL) of GM and GL. In addition, BP showed a greater peak torque (PT) and rate torque development (RTD) in plantar flexors, and a rate of inspiratory/expiratory pressure development (RIPD/REPD) (p<0.05). Overall, the present study confirms that differences in the muscle-tendon structure of lower limbs in experienced athletes involved in specific exercises exist. Even more, this type of study is reported for the first time, where we observe not only differences in lung capacity but also in respiratory muscle morphology. In addition, the present findings exceed our expectations and demonstrate how chronic exercise can influence not only the primary muscles directly involved in the exercise but accessory ones such as the respiratory muscles also
Relationship between metabolic syndrome and physical capacity.
No full textAim of the study: To determine overweight and obese people with physical capacity in relation to the metabolic syndrome indicators. Study methods: survey, nutrition table, physical measurements, spirometry, pulse calculation, ergometry, dynamometry. Results: persons with metabolic syndrome had higher blood glucose and triglycerides level in blood, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, increased waist to hip ratio. Also, the increasing load test showed that the group without metabolic syndrome had better physical data than group without metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: 1. Group with metabolic syndrome showed that blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), triglycerides, fasting glucose and waist to hip ratio were greater whereas high-density lipoprotein in the blood were lesser than the group without metabolic syndrome, although the body mass index was not significantly different between the groups. 2. There was no significant difference between the metabolic syndrome group and group without metabolic syndrome in physical activity indicators. In addition, we found no significant difference between the metabolic syndrome group and group without metabolic syndrome food caloric intake. 3. Results showed that people with metabolic syndrome oxygen consumption during rest and exercise as well as the heart rate were significantly higher than those without metabolic syndrome, although the group without metabolic syndrome did not develop greater exercise capacity. 4. We found no significant difference between metabolic syndrome group and group without metabolic syndrome between hand grip and knee extensors strength, equated per kilogram of body weight
DO RESPIRATORY MUSCLES EXHIBIT SIMILAR ADAPTIVE PROPERTIES TO LOWER LIMB MUSCLES IN RESPONSE TO CHRONIC TRAINING? A CROSS-SECTIONAL COMPARISON BETWEEN BASKETBALL PLAYERS AND CYCLISTS
Get PDFIntroduction. Previous studies have shown that elite athletes who undergo intensive exercise training have distinct morphological and mechanical qualities in their muscle- tendon units (MTUs). Changes in musculotendinous morphology affect muscle contraction and, in turn, physical performance. Therefore, repeated exposure to specific exercise training can alter the structure of the MTUs, leading to specific functional adaptations.The main goal of the study was to investigate whether different types of chronic training, like basketball and cycling, can induce not only specific adaptations in the lower limb MTUs but also in the structural and functional characteristics of the respiratory muscles.Methods. Thirty-two male athletes (cyclists n=16, and basketball players n=16) voluntarily participated in the study. First, anthropometric parameters were measured, followed by musculoskeletal ultrasound images of specific muscles taken one at a time: vastus lateralis (VL), gastrocnemius medialis/lateralis (GM/GL), and different breathing phases of the diaphragm. Next, participants underwent maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and passive resistive torque tests for the knee extensors and plantar flexors. Finally, subjects completed a respiratory muscles strength protocol, which included maximum inspiratory/expiratory tests (MIP/MEP) and spirometry
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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