1,720,964 research outputs found
Differential mortality and redistribution in the Italian notional defined contribution system
Full text linkDifferential mortality and redistribution in the Italian notional defined contribution system
Full text linkIn this paper, we adopt a financial measure (net present value ratio) to assess the extent of the redistribution of lifetime earnings operated by the introduction of a notional defined contribution (NDC) system in the Italian PAYGO system. Our simulations are based on a representative sample of the Italian population consisting of individuals born between 1975 and 2000. We identify three channels of redistribution: between genders (from men to women), along educational lines (from the less-well-educated to the highly educated) and between diverse lifetime-earnings quintiles (from the poor to the rich). This happens because certain groups of individuals systematically live shorter-than-average lives (men, the less well-educated and the poor), whereas others live longer-than-average lives (women, the highly educated and the rich) and, at the same time, the NDC system does not take into account such differences. Comparison between the old defined benefit system and the reformed NDC one shows that intergenerational fairness has improved sensibly but differences between gender and educational levels remained nearly the same. Sensitivity analysis and the consideration of survival pensions in our simulations confirm the general trends of our base case.</p
Environmental Risk Assessment come strumento a supporto delle decisioni nell'incenerimento degli RSU
No full textERA, Environmental Risk Assessment, in quanto strumento per la valutazione e gestione del rischio ambientale, può essere un valido supporto anche per la gestione ambientale dei processi di gestione dei rifiuti. Il presente lavoro riferisce l’applicazione di ERA ad una linea di incenerimento di RSU, partendo dai dati di progetto, al fine di verificare se tale strumento è in grado di approfondire i potenziali incidenti ambientali e quantificare le conseguenze sulla salute umana e sull’ecosistema.
Lo scopo della conduzione di ERA è duplice: da un lato individuare i potenziali rischi della linea di incenerimento, analizzarne le cause e stimarne la frequenza e le conseguenze, dall’altro verificare in che misura le modifiche di revamping eseguite sulla linea riducono i rischi individuati
Environmental risk assessment as a decision support tool in MSW incineration
No full textEnvironmental Risk Assessment, as a tool for assessing and managing environmental risk, can be a valuable support for the environmental management of waste management processes. This work describes the application of ERA to a MSW incineration line, starting from the design data, in order to verify whether the tool is able to investigate the potential environmental accidents and quantify the impact on human health and ecosystem.
The purpose of conducting ERA is twofold: firstly to identify the potential risks of the incineration line, analyze the causes and estimate the frequency and consequences, on the other hand check to what extent the changes made with the revamping can reduce the identified risks
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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