3,679 research outputs found

    Defocused imaging of quantum-dot angular distribution of radiation

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    Patra D, Gregor I, Enderlein J, Sauer M. Defocused imaging of quantum-dot angular distribution of radiation. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS. 2005;87(10):101103.We have applied defocused imaging of single fluorescent quantum dots to study the angular distribution of their emission. It is found that quantum dots exhibit an angular distribution best described by a superposition of emission of three perpendicular dipoles. A theory of the defocused images of such emitters is presented and compared with the measurements. Furthermore, it is shown that standard fluorescence anisotropy measurements are not able to uncover such complex emission behavior. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics

    Rice-residue management practices of smallholder farms in Vietnam and their effects on nutrient fluxes in the soil-plant system

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    In Vietnam, approximately 39 million tons of rice (Oryza sativa) residues accrue every year. In this study, we quantified soil nutrient balances of paddy rice fields under different crop-residue management practices in northern Vietnam. On twelve farms, we calculated nutrient balances for the four prevalent rice-residue management practices, i.e., (1) direct incorporation of rice residues into the soil, (2) application of rice-residue compost, (3) burning of rice residues on the field, and (4) the use of rice residues as fodder for livestock. Soils under practices (1) to (3) showed a positive nutrient balance, which indicates that soil fertility can be maintained under these practices and that the amounts of chemical fertilizers can be considerably reduced. If not, there is a risk of eutrophication in the surrounding surface waterbodies. Practice (4), in contrast, resulted in a negative nutrient balance, which indicates the need for returning nutrients to the soils. From our findings we conclude that knowledge about the effects of rice-residue management practices on nutrient cycles may help to optimize the use of fertilizers, resulting in a more sustainable form of agriculture

    Exploring life by single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy

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    Neuweiler H, Sauer M. Exploring life by single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. 2005;77(9):178 A-185 A

    Markus Sauer

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