1,720,979 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Uji In-vitro Ekstrak Daun Jarak Merah (Jatropha gossypiifolia L.) sebagai Inhibitor αAmilase
No full textDiabetes Melitus merupakan penyakit mematikan peringkat ketiga di dunia
setelah kanker dan kardiovaskular. Indonesia meruapakan salah satu negara dari
sepuluh negara teratas dengan jumlah penderita diabetes yang terdiagnosis pada
rentang usia 20-79 tahun. Pankreatitis akut telah dikonfirmasi dapat meningkatkan
aktivitas α-amilase khususnya pada penderita diabetes. Aktivitas α-amilase yang
tidak terkontrol menyebabkan kadar gula darah menjadi tinggi atau disebut dengan
hiperglikemia. Inhibitor α-amilase saat ini telah dikembangkan sebagai salah satu
pendekatan ini yang dilakukan untuk mengontrol diabetes secara terapeutik dengan
mengurangi adsorbsi glukosa dalam peredaran darah. Inhibitor sintetik yang banyak
digunakan adalah akarbosa, namun inhibitor ini dapat menimbulkan berbagai efek
samping gastrointestinal.
Produk alami dari tumbuhan, baik sebagai ekstrak tanaman ataupun
senyawa murni memiliki peluang besar untuk penemuan obat baru, karena
ketersediaan senyawa kimia di alam yang sangat beragam. Daun J.gossypiifolia L.
merupakan salah satu bahan alami yang dapat digunakan sebagai obat tradisional
menurut folklore masyarakat tengger, sehingga berpotensi sebagai antidiabetik.
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui aktivitas inhibisi ekstrak kasar metanol,
ekstrak fraksi heksana, ekstrak fraksi diklorometana, dan ekstrak fraksi etil asetat
sebagai inhibitor terhadap α-amilase. Inhibitor dari daun J.gossypiifolia L. yang
memiliki aktivitas inhibisi tertinggi dianalisis lebih lanjut secara kinetika untuk
mengetahui jenis inhibisi terhadap α-amilase.
Daun J.gossypiifolia L. berupa 50 gram simplisia di ekstraksi menggunakan
metode maserasi selama 12 jam menggunakan pelarut metanol. Ekstrak kasar
metanol yang diperoleh sebanyak 1,93 gram dengan rendemen 4,24%. Ekstrak
kasar metanol kemudian di fraksinasi dengan metode ekstraksi cair-cair
menggunakan heksana, diklorometana, dan etil asetat. Rendemen ekstrak fraksi
tertinggi diperoleh pada ekstrak fraksi heksana, diikuti dengan ekstrak fraksi etil
asetat dan ekstrak fraksi diklorometana dengan rendemen masing-masing sebesar
31,84% , 20,14% dan 14,57%.
Ekstrak daun J.gossypiifolia L. dari masing-masing pelarut dilakukan uji
inhibisi α-amilase secara in-vitro dengan inhibitor standar akarbosa digunakan
sebagai pembanding. Analisis uji inhibisi α-amilase dilakukan berdasarkan
penurunan konsentrasi produk gula pereduksi maltosa hasil hidrolisis substrat
amilum oleh enzim yang dinyatakan dalam persen inhibisi. Persen inhibisi terbesar
terhadap α-amilase dimiliki oleh ekstrak fraksi etil asetat sebesar 49,53±0,27%,
namun masih lebih kecil dari inhibitor standar akarbosa yaitu sebesar 96,12±0,90%.
Persen inhibisi ekstrak kasar metanol, ekstrak fraksi heksana, dan ekstrak
diklorometana terhadap α-amilase masing-masing sebesar 19,38±2,25% ,
19,38±2,25% , 36,69±1,57%.
Ekstrak fraksi daun J.gossypiifolia L. yang memiliki kemampuan inhibisi
tertinggi terhadap α-amilase dilakukan analisis secara kinetika untuk mengetahui
tipe inhibisinya. Kinetika enzim merupakan pendekatan untuk mempelajari
mekanisme reaksi katalisis oleh enzim dengan menentukan laju reaksi secara
kuantitatif menggunakan persamaan Michaelis-Menten. Parameter kinetika yang
digunakan yaitu KM dan Vmax. Konsentrasi substrat yang digunakan 0,0625%;
0,125%; 0,25%; 0,5%; dan 1% (w
/v), dengan variasi waktu inkubasi 0, 3, 6, 9, 12,
18 menit. Nilai absorbansi yang diperoleh dikonsversi menjadi konsentrasi produk
maltosa menggunakan kurva standar maltosa. Konsentrasi produk yang diperoleh
dengan variasi konsentrasi waktu diplotkan untuk mendapatkan gradien dari
persamaan linernya yang merupakan nilai kecepatan awal (V0). Plot LineweaverBurk yang diperoleh dari pengeplotan antara 1/V0 terhadap 1/[S] dapat digunakan
untuk mengetahui tipe inhibisi enzim dari nilai Konstanta Michaelis-Menten (KM)
dan kecepatan maksimum (Vmax). Nilai KM dari kontrol (Tanpa Inhibtior) dan
sampel (Dengan Inhibitor) pada penelitian ini diperoleh masing-masing sebesar
49,79±1,81 dan 49,79±1,77 , sedangkan untuk Vmax diperoleh masing-masing
sebesar 2,47±0,12 untuk kontrol (Tanpa Inhibitor) dan 3,07±0,21 untuk sampel
(Dengan Inhibitor). Nilai tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa tipe penghambatan
ekstrak fraksi etil asetat daun J.gossypiifolia L adalah kompetitif reversibel. Tipe
penghambatan kompetitif memberikan perubahan nilai pada konstanta MichaelisMenten (KM), tetapi tidak memberikan perubahan secara siginifikan terhadap nilai
kecepatan maksimum reaksi (Vmax)
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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